Rainbow flag
A rainbow flag is a multicolored
History
In the 18th century, American Revolutionary War writer Thomas Paine proposed that a rainbow flag be used as a maritime flag to signify neutral ships in time of war.[3][4][5][6]
Contemporary international uses of a rainbow flag dates to the beginning of the 20th century. The
There are several independent rainbow flags in use today.
In cultures and movements
Reformation (1525)
The reformer
In the
The choice of the rainbow in the form of a flag harks back to the rainbow as a symbol of biblical promise. According to the Bible, God used the rainbow as a sign to Noah that there would never again be a worldwide flood,[9][10] also known as the Rainbow covenant.
Armenian Republic proposed flag (1919)
A rainbow flag was proposed for Armenia when it regained independence after World War I. It was designed by Armenian artist Martiros Saryan. It was not adopted as the country instead went with three stripes using the colors used in a past Armenian kingdom. The artist used muted, richer colors reflecting Armenian fabrics and carpets.[11]
Cooperative movement (1921)
A seven-colour rainbow flag is a common symbol of the international cooperative movement. The rainbow flag has been the cooperative emblem since 1921 when the International Co-operative Congress of World Co-op Leaders met in Basel, Switzerland to identify and define the growing cooperative movement's common values and ideals to help unite co-ops around the world.
In
In 2001, the
Like the rainbow, this flag is a symbol of hope and peace. The seven colours from flags around the world fly in harmony. Each of the seven colours in the co-operative flag have been assigned the following meaning:
- red: stands for courage
- orange: offers the vision of possibilities
- yellow: represents the challenge that green has kindled
- green: indicates a challenge to co-operators to strive for growth of membership and of understanding of the aims and values of co-operation
- light blue: suggests far horizons – the need to provide education and help less fortunate people and strive toward global unity
- dark blue: suggests pessimism – a reminder that less fortunate people have needs that may be met through the benefits of cooperation
- violet: is the colour of warmth, beauty, and friendship
The ICA has been flying a flag with its official logo since April 2001, when its Board decided to replace the traditional rainbow flag. Its use by a number of non-cooperative groups led to confusion in several countries around the world.[12]
Peace movement (1961)
This rainbow flag in Italy was first used in a peace march in 1961, inspired by similar multi-coloured flags used in demonstrations against
Common variations include moving the purple stripe down below the azure one, and adding a white stripe on top (the original flag from the 60s had a white stripe on top). This flag has been adopted internationally as a symbol of the peace movement.
Andean indigenism (1973, 2009)
The Flag of Cusco was introduced in Peru in 1973, and became used as the official emblem of the city of Cusco.[15] In 2007, the municipality decided to modify the flag design so that it would not be confused with the Gay Pride flag.[16] The new flag design was implemented in 2021.[17] In Ecuador, a rainbow emblem is used by the Pachakutik political party (1995), which is composed mostly of left-wing indigenous people.
A seven-striped rainbow flag design is used in
LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) Pride (1978)
The rainbow Pride flag was popularized as a symbol of the
The flag was originally created with eight colors, but pink and turquoise were removed for production purposes, and since 1979 it has consisted of six colored stripes. It is most commonly flown with the red stripe on top, as the colors appear in a natural rainbow.[22] The colors were determined to symbolize:
- red: life
- orange: healing
- yellow: sunlight
- green: nature
- blue: harmony/peace
- purple/violet: spirit[23]
The color pink stood for sexuality and turquoise stood for art/magic.[23]
During the 1980s, a black stripe representing
In the late 2010s, the 1978 Pride flag by Gilbert Baker was annexed with separate flags containing additional colors representing individual segments of the LGBT community: in 2017, a collaboration between the Philadelphia Office of LGBT Affairs and the Tierney Agency added a brown and a black stripe at the top of the Pride flag to symbolize black and brown people of color, naming the design the "More Color, More Pride" (aka "Philly Pride") flag;
Basque nationalism (1978)
The leftist Herri Batasuna party used a rainbow version of the Ikurriña (Basque national flag) from 1978 until it was dissolved in 2001.[30]
Jewish Autonomous Oblast (1996)
Another variation of rainbow flag is used by Jewish Autonomous Oblast, situated in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia, by the Chinese border. Proportions 2:3. Adopted first of October 1996.[31]
The
Infection prevention thorough declaration sticker (2020)
The Tokyo Metropolitan Government issued the "Thorough Infection Prevention Declaration Sticker" for the purpose of working on the infection spread prevention guidelines for businesses formulated by the metropolitan government.[34] In the media, it is also known as the rainbow sticker.[35] A checklist that businesses should take to prevent the spread of infection is checked on the web and issued online, and it is used as a guideline to show that businesses are working on infection prevention measures.[34]
Support for the NHS (2020)
During the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United Kingdom, the rainbow symbol has been used to signify support and gratitude for the National Health Service (NHS).[36] However, the increasing association of the six-color Pride rainbow flag with the NHS has caused concern among some members of the LGBT community that it is being disassociated "as a symbol of LGBT equality" and may lead to the erasure of identity.[37][38]
Other rainbow flags
-
Foz do Jordão municipality flag, Brazil
-
Gay prideflag
(original eight-color version, June 1978) -
Gay pride flag
(seven-color version, November 1978) -
Greek peace flag (Eirene)
-
Hallum, Netherlands, village flag
-
Progress Pride flag denoting queer and transgender people, and LGBT+ black and brown people of color (2018)
-
Lingua Franca Nova flag
-
PACE flag without text
-
Santa Cruz County, California, city flag
-
The South African flag commonly called the "Rainbow Flag" because of its 6 colours
-
West Hollywood, California, city flag
-
Whittier, California, city flag
-
Republic of China flag (1912-1928)
Use of rainbow flag in various settings
-
Marchers carry the LGBT pride flag at the pride parade on Christopher Street Day, Berlin, Germany (1997)
-
Parada Równości, Warsaw, Poland (2006)
-
"Pace da tutti i balconi": peace flags hanging from windows, Milan, Italy, (March 2003)
-
Statue ofStolberg, Germany (2007)
-
LGBT flag atIpanema Beach, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2006)
-
French official Memorial toLe Marais, France
-
Finish line of "Civil Rights Walk Across America" by Richard Noble,Jacksonville, Florida (2012)
Use of rainbow flag colors in different designs
-
Patriots of Russia, 2005–2013
-
Jewish Gay Pride flag (Stockholm Pride, Sweden, 2015)
-
American flag in Gay Pride colors
-
LGBT health awareness
-
Rainbow Family of Living Light banner
-
Circular Rainbow Flag of Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony
-
Rainbow protest flag used by Not in Our Name
-
Thorough Infection Prevention Declaration Sticker (Tokyo Metropolitan Government)
See also
References
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- ^ "The mathematical colors of the rainbow using HSL". College of Micronesia-FSM. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 367.
- ISBN 0195000382.
- ^ "New Rochelle, NY–Points of Interest". The History Box. May 22, 2012. Archived from the original on January 8, 2009. (Transcription of New York—A Guide to the Empire State page.)
- ISBN 0805006028.
- ^ "Gaysweek (September 25, 1978)". Pride Museum. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Gay community news: February 19, 1983. volume 10, number 30". Northeastern University Library. Northeastern University. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Christian symbols Glossary". Archived from the original on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2007-08-20.
- ^ "The Sign of the Rainbow Symbol of God's Everlasting Covenant". goodnewspirit.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2007-08-20.
- ^ "Հայկական դրոշի "սարյանական թեզի" առեղծվածը կամ ի՞նչ կապ կա հայոց եռագույնի և ծիածանի գույների միջև (լուսանկարներ)" [The mystery of the "Saryan thesis" of the Armenian flag or what is the connection between the Armenian tricolor "rainbow colors" (photos)]. Tert.am (in Armenian). 17 June 2012. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
- ^ "Introduction to ICA". International Co-operative Alliance. 21 September 2008. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008.
- ^ "Flags of Peace". Bandiere di Pace.org (in Italian). Archived from the original on 2015-08-12. Retrieved 2007-08-20.
- ^ "Det nytter!" [It helps!]. Amnesty International (in Norwegian). 6 June 2003. Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
- ^ "Conoce la historia y significado de la bandera del Cusco" [Do you know the history and significance of the flag of Cusco]. Peru.travel (in Spanish). 6 December 2021. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
- ^ "La ciudad de Cuzco cambia su bandera debido a la semejanza con la insignia gay". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 16 October 2007. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
The city of Cuzco changes its flag because of the similarity with the gay symbol
- ^ "Cusco aprueba ordenanza que incluye el Sol de Echenique en su estandarte oficial" [Cusco approves ordinance that includes the Sun of Echenique crest in its official banner]. Andina (in Spanish). 4 June 2021. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
- ^ a b "Flags of the Inca Empire (and of western South America): Tawantin Suyu". Flags of the World. November 17, 2017. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
- ^ "¿Bandera gay o del Tahuantinsuyo?" [Gay flag or Tahuantinsuyo flag?]. Terra.com. 19 April 2010. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012.
- ^ "Participación Ciudadana - Boletín Nº 59" (PDF). Congreso de la República. 23 June 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 13, 2011.
El uso oficial de la mal llamada bandera del Tahuantinsuyo es indebido y equívoco. En el mundo pre-hispánico andino no se vivió el concepto de bandera, que no corresponde a su contexto histórico.
- ^ Melendez, Lyanne (March 1, 2017). "LGBTQ Pride: Gilbert Baker, creator of rainbow flag, shares story of strength and pride". KGO-TV. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ "History of the Gay Pride / Rainbow Flag". Flags of the World. April 16, 2005. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.
- ^ a b Haag, Matthew (March 31, 2017). "Gilbert Baker, Gay Activist Who Created the Rainbow Flag, Dies at 65". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
- ISBN 191993149X.
- ^ "New pride flag divides Philly's gay community". New York Post. June 16, 2017. Archived from the original on 28 November 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2020.
- ^ "More Color More Pride". Tierney. June 17, 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ "The Progress Pride flag". Victoria and Albert Museum. 25 October 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ Foreman, Matt (September 20, 2022). "We need to walk away from the "Progress" Profit Flag". Gay City News. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ Boggs, Jada (June 13, 2023). "Copyright, Pride, and Progress: Navigating Ownership, Representation, and Cultural Rights". Copyright Alliance. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ISBN 978-1-134-16769-2. Archivedfrom the original on 24 April 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ^ "Jewish Autonomous Region (Russia)". flags-of-the-world.net. Archived from the original on 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2007-08-21.
- ^ "Символика" [Geraldics] (in Russian). Official State Portal of Jewish Autonomous Oblast. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
- ^ "Флаг ЕАО проверили на наличие гей-пропаганды" [JAO flag checked for gay propaganda] (in Russian). 30 October 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
- ^ a b 株式会社インプレス (2020-06-12). "東京都、「感染防止徹底宣言ステッカー」発行". Impress Watch (in Japanese). Retrieved 2020-08-13.
- ^ "「虹のステッカー」実効性は? 掲示店で集団感染も". 日本経済新聞 電子版 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2020-08-13.
- ^ "Coronavirus: Rainbow portraits thank the NHS". BBC. 10 May 2020. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "Coronavirus: 'I was attacked for hanging my rainbow flag'". BBC. 22 May 2020. Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ Wareham, Jamie (May 6, 2020). "Why Some LGBT+ People Feel Uneasy At The Sight Of NHS Rainbow Flags". Forbes. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "The Origin and Meaning of the Buddhist Flag". Buddhist Council of Queensland. 2010. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2022.