Raoping Hakka
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Raoping | |
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饒平客家話 | |
Native to | Southern China, Taiwan |
Region | Raoping County (Guangdong), Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Miaoli, Taichung (Taiwan) |
Chinese characters Pha̍k-fa-sṳ | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | None |
Raoping Hakka (
.Distribution
In Raoping County, Hakka is spoken in the north, including the towns of Shangshan, Shangrao, Raoyang, Jiucun, Jianrao, and Xinfeng, as well as some villages in Hanjiang Forest Farm. As of 2005, there are 190,000 Hakka speakers in Raoping County (19% of the county's population).[1]
The distribution of Raoping Hakka in Taiwan is scattered. It is mainly spoken in
Contact with surrounding varieties
Raoping Hakka has some phonological and lexical features that appear to come from contact with
English | Chinese characters | Teochew | Raoping Hakka (Raoping County) |
---|---|---|---|
cigarette | 薰 | /huŋ˧/ | /fun˩/ |
peanut | 地豆 | /ti˩ tau˩/ | /tʰi˧˥ tʰeu˧˥/ |
congee | 糜 | /mue˥/ | /moi˥/ |
comfortable | 心適 | /sim˧ sek˨˩/ | /sim˩ set˨˩/ |
just; exactly | 堵堵 | /tu˥˧ tu˥˧/ | /tu˥˧ tu˥˧/ |
In Taiwan, Raoping Hakka is in contact with other varieties of Hakka, notably Sixian and Hailu dialects. There are some phonological and morphological features that appear to originate in these surrounding varieties. For example, in Taoyuan near Sixian-speaking areas, the diminutive suffix is pronounced /e˧˩/ as it is pronounced in Sixian, while in Hailu-dominant Hsinchu, the suffix is pronounced as the Hailu /ə˥/.[6]
See also
Notes
References
- Hakka Affairs Council, ed. (November 2013). 101-102年度台灣客家民眾客語使用狀況 (PDF) (in Chinese). New Taipei: Hakka Affairs Council. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
- Hakka Affairs Council (16 July 2018). "Distribution and resurgence of the Hakka language". Hakka Affairs Council. New Taipei: Hakka Affairs Council. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
- Hsu, Kuei-jung (2005). 台灣饒平客家話調查及其語言接觸現象. 臺灣語言與語文教育 (in Chinese) (6): 64–80. .
- Local Gazetteer Editorial Committee of Raoping County, ed. (2011). 饶平县志(1979~2005) [Gazetteer of Raoping County (1979–2005)] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Guangdong People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-218-07074-2.
- Zhan, Bohui (1992). 饒平上饒客家話語言特點說略 (PDF). Studies in Chinese Linguistics (in Chinese) (10): 153–158.