Raoul Walsh
Raoul Walsh | |
---|---|
Born | Albert Edward Walsh March 11, 1887 New York City, U.S. |
Died | December 31, 1980 | (aged 93)
Resting place | Assumption Catholic Cemetery, Simi Valley, Ventura County, California[2] |
Occupations |
|
Years active | 1909–1964 |
Spouses | Lorraine Miller
(m. 1928; div. 1947)Mary Simpson (m. 1947) |
Relatives | George Walsh (brother) |
Awards | Founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |
Raoul Walsh (born Albert Edward Walsh; March 11, 1887 – December 31, 1980) was an American film director, actor, founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), and the brother of silent screen actor George Walsh. He was known for portraying John Wilkes Booth in the silent film The Birth of a Nation (1915) and for directing such films as the widescreen epic The Big Trail (1930) starring John Wayne in his first leading role, The Roaring Twenties starring James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart, High Sierra (1941) starring Ida Lupino and Humphrey Bogart, and White Heat (1949) starring James Cagney and Edmond O'Brien. He directed his last film in 1964. His work has been noted as influences on directors such as Rainer Werner Fassbinder,[3] Jack Hill,[4] and Martin Scorsese.[5]
Biography
Walsh was born in New York as Albert Edward Walsh to Elizabeth T. Bruff, the daughter of Irish Catholic immigrants,[
Film career
Walsh was educated at Seton Hall College. He began acting in 1909, first as a stage actor in New York City and later as a film actor. In 1913 he changed his name to Raoul Walsh. In 1914 he became an assistant to D. W. Griffith and made his first full-length feature film as an actor, The Life of General Villa, shot on location in Mexico with Pancho Villa playing the lead, and with actual ongoing battles filmed in progress as well as battle recreations. Walsh played Villa as a younger man.
Walsh played John Wilkes Booth in Griffith's epic The Birth of a Nation (1915) and also served as an assistant director. This movie was followed by the critically acclaimed Regeneration in 1915, the earliest feature gangster film, shot on location in Manhattan's Bowery district.
Walsh served as an officer in the United States Army during World War I. He later directed The Thief of Bagdad (1924), starring Douglas Fairbanks and Anna May Wong, and Laurence Stallings' What Price Glory? (1926), starring Victor McLaglen and Dolores del Río.
In
In the early days of sound with
An undistinguished period followed with
He directed several films afterwards, including three with Clark Gable: The Tall Men (1955), The King and Four Queens (1956) and Band of Angels (1957). Walsh retired in 1964. He died of a heart attack in 1980.[7]
Outside interests
Raoul Walsh was a breeder and owner of Thoroughbred racehorses.[8][9] For a time, his brother George Walsh trained his stable of horses.[10] Their horse Sunset Trail competed in the 1937 Kentucky Derby won by War Admiral who went on to win the U.S. Triple Crown. Sunset Trail finished sixteenth in a field of twenty runners.[11]
Some of Walsh's film-related material and personal papers are contained in the Wesleyan University Cinema Archives.[12]
Selected filmography
- The Pseudo Prodigal (1913 short, director, directorial debut)
- The Mystery of the Hindu Image (1914, director, uncredited)
- The Banker's Daughter (1914)
- The Great Leap; Until Death Do Us Part (1914)
- The Dishonored Medal (1914) – The Adopted Son
- The Life of General Villa (1914) – Villa as a young man
- The Old Fisherman's Story (1914) - Ben
- The Birth of a Nation (1915) – John Wilkes Booth (uncredited)
- Regeneration (1915, director)
- Carmen (1915, director)
- The Outlaw's Revenge (1915) – The outlaw
- Blue Blood and Red (1916, director)
- The Silent Lie (1917, a.k.a. Camille of the Yukon, director)
- Betrayed (1917, director)
- The Conqueror (1917, director)
- The Innocent Sinner (1917, director)
- The Honor System (1917, director)
- On the Jump (1918, director)
- The Woman and the Law (1918, director)
- The Prussian Cur (1918, director)
- Evangeline (1919, director, with his wife Miriam Cooper)
- The Strongest(1920, director)
- The Deep Purple (1920, director)
- The Oath (1921, director)
- Kindred of the Dust (1922, director)
- The Thief of Bagdad (1924, director, produced by and starring Douglas Fairbanks)
- The Wanderer (1925, director)
- silent movie)
- The Lucky Lady (1926, director)
- The Loves of Carmen (1927, director)
- The Monkey Talks (1927, director)
- Sadie Thompson (1928, director)
- The Red Dance (1928, director)
- Me, Gangster (1928, director, debut of Don Terry)
- The Cock-Eyed World (1929, director)
- The Big Trail (1930, director, with John Wayne in his first leading role)
- The Man Who Came Back (1931, director)
- Women of All Nations (1931, director)
- The Yellow Ticket (1931, director)
- Wild Girl (1932, director)
- Me and My Gal (1932, director)
- Sailor's Luck (1933, director)
- The Bowery(1933, director)
- Big Brown Eyes (1936, director)
- Klondike Annie (1936, director)
- O.H.M.S. (1937, director)
- Jump for Glory (1937, director)
- St. Louis Blues (1939, director)
- The Roaring Twenties (1939, director)
- Dark Command (1940, director)
- They Drive by Night (1940, director)
- High Sierra (1941, director)
- The Strawberry Blonde (1941, director)
- They Died with Their Boots On (1941, director)
- Manpower (1941, director)
- Desperate Journey (1942, director)
- Gentleman Jim (1942, director)
- Background to Danger (1943, director)
- Action in the North Atlantic (1943, director, uncredited)
- Uncertain Glory (1944, director)
- Objective, Burma! (1945, director)
- The Man I Love (1947, director)
- Pursued (1947, director)
- Cheyenne (1947, director)
- Silver River (1948, director)
- Fighter Squadron (1948, director)
- White Heat (1949, director)
- Colorado Territory (1949, director)
- The Enforcer (1951, director, uncredited)[a]
- Captain Horatio Hornblower (1951, director)
- Along the Great Divide (1951, director)
- Distant Drums (1951, director)
- Blackbeard the Pirate (1952, director)
- The World in His Arms (1952, director)
- Gun Fury (1953, director)
- A Lion Is in the Streets (1953, director)
- The Lawless Breed (1953, director)
- Sea Devils (1953, director)
- Saskatchewan (1954, director)
- Battle Cry (1955, director)
- The Tall Men (1955, director)
- The Revolt of Mamie Stover (1956, director)
- The King and Four Queens (1956, director)
- Band of Angels (1957, director)
- The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw (1958, director)
- The Naked and the Dead (1958, director)
- Esther and the King (1960, director)
- Marines, Let's Go (1961, director)
- A Distant Trumpet (1964, director)
Miscellaneous
- The Conqueror (writer, 1917)
- The Big Trail (story contributor, uncredited, 1930)
- Captain Horatio Hornblower R.N.(producer, uncredited, 1951)
- The Lawless Breed (producer, uncredited, 1953)
- Esther and the King (screenplay, 1960)
- The Men Who Made the Movies: Raoul Walsh (TV documentary)
- Himself (1973)
Notes
- ^ Walsh replaced director Bretaigne Windust, who fell severely ill, on The Enforcer and shot over half the film, but refused to take screen credit.
References
- ^ Billiter, Bill (January 3, 1981). "Famed Motion Picture Director Raoul Walsh Dies at 93". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
- ISBN 0-7864-0983-5.
- ISSN 2157-4189.
- ^ Jack Hill on WHITE HEAT, retrieved October 29, 2022
- PMID 30357500.
- ISBN 978-1479328598.
- ^ Peter B. Flint (January 3, 1981). "Raoul Walsh, 93, Dead; Early Director of Movies". The New York Times. p. 26.
- ^ "Rockingham Park Notes". Daily Racing Form at University of Kentucky Archives. July 9, 1934. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
- ^ "Raoul Walsh's New Trainer". Daily Racing Form at University of Kentucky Archives. April 22, 1939. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
- ^ "Plans for Walsh Stable". Daily Racing Form at University of Kentucky Archives. April 21, 1937. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
- ^ "Kentucky Derby History". Kentucky Derby Info. Archived from the original on October 29, 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2011.
- ^ "Cinema Archives". Wesleyan University. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
Further reading
- Moss. Marilyn Ann (2011). Raoul Walsh: The True Adventures of Hollywood's Legendary Director. University Press of Kentucky.[ISBN missing]
- Smith, Renee D. (2013). The Films of Raoul Walsh: A Critical Approach [ISBN missing]
External links
- Raoul Walsh at IMDb
- Raoul Walsh at AllMovie
- Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database
- Raoul Walsh at Virtual History
- kinotv