Red Line (MBTA)
Red Line | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
standard gauge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrification | Third rail, 600 V DC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The Red Line is a
The Red Line operates during normal MBTA service hours (all times except late nights) with six-car trains. The 218-car active fleet consists of three orders of cars built in 1969–70, 1987–89, and 1993–94. A 252-car order from
The
in 1984 and Alewife in 1985.History
Cambridge tunnel
The Red Line was the last of the four original Boston subway lines (the others being the Green, Orange, and Blue Lines, opened in 1897, 1901, and 1904, respectively) to come into being.
Construction of the Cambridge tunnel, connecting Harvard Square to Boston, was delayed by a dispute over the number of intermediate stations to be built along the new line. Cambridge residents, led by Mayor Wardwell, wanted at least five stations built along the line, while suburbanites interested in faster through travel argued for only a single intermediate station, at Central Square. The contending groups finally compromised on two intermediate stations, at Central and Kendall Squares, allowing construction to start in 1909.[further explanation needed][2]: 41
The section from
Dorchester Tunnel and extension
The Dorchester Tunnel to
Next came the Dorchester extension (now the Ashmont branch), following a
The BERy opened the first phase of the Dorchester extension, to
On January 13, 1961, the MTA began operating "modified express service" on the line during the morning rush hour, following the introduction of similar service on the Forest Hills–Everett line the month before. Every other train bypassed Shawmut, Savin Hill, Columbia, and Charles stations.[4] This was discontinued in September 1961 to reduce wait times at the skipped stations, most of which were outdoors.[5]
Charles was renamed Charles/MGH in December 1973, and Kendall was renamed Kendall/MIT on August 7, 1978.[6] In January 1981, the MBTA proposed to close the Ashmont branch on Sundays – and the Mattapan Line at all times – beginning that March due to severe budget issues.[7] The closure was cancelled, though the lines were closed from June 20, 1981, to January 16, 1982, for track replacement and tunnel repairs.[6]
MBTA era and branding
The line was sometimes referred to as the Cambridge–Dorchester line
South Shore line
On July 28, 1965, the MBTA signed an agreement with the
The first section of the South Shore line, under construction since 1966, opened on September 1, 1971, branching from the original Red Line at a
In December 1969, the MBTA purchased
Three southbound trains collided inside the Beacon Hill tunnel on August 1, 1975, injuring 132 passengers.[17][18]
Braintree extension
Beyond Quincy Center, the Braintree extension runs southward to
Several outlying sections of the MBTA subway system, including Quincy Adams and Braintree, originally charged a double fare to account for the additional costs of running service far from downtown. Passengers paid two fares to enter at the stations, and an exit fare when leaving the station. Double fares on the Braintree extension, the last on the system, were discontinued in 2007 as part of a wider fare restructuring.[20]
Northwest extension
By 1922, the BERy believed that Harvard would be the permanent terminus; the heavy ridership from the north was expected to be handled by
The 1945 Coolidge Commission report – the first major transit planning initiative in the region since 1926 – recommended an extension from Harvard to Arlington Heights via East Watertown.
In 1970, Cambridge began advocating for the project, and for the consideration of an all-subway route under Garden Street.[28]: I-4 That October, then-governor Francis Sargent suspended most highway construction inside Route 128 and created the Boston Transportation Planning Review, which focused on the implementation of new transit routes.[28]: I-4 In 1972, a new all-subway route via Porter Square and Davis Square was considered (and ultimately chosen).[29] By the mid-1970s, the project was split into two phases: an all-subway extension to Arlington Heights via Alewife, with a later extension to Route 128.[28]: I-5
Arlington did not wish for Arlington Heights to be even a temporary terminal.
The Red Line was extended temporarily to Harvard–Brattle over former yard and storage tracks on March 24, 1979. This allowed for bus transfers to be provided. The Harvard bus tunnel was closed temporarily at the time. On January 31, 1981, the original
The line was extended to
Station renovations
A 1979 renovation of
Central, Kendall/MIT, Park Street, and Downtown Crossing (renamed from Washington in 1987) were completed in 1988.[38] A major reconstruction of JFK/UMass added a platform for the Braintree branch, which opened on December 14, 1988.[15][6] Renovations to Broadway were completed in October 1989.[15] Quincy Adams and Braintree were accessible by 1989, if not from their original construction.[39][40][6] South Station was completed around 1992, followed by Andrew in 1994.[41][39][6]
The 1990 passage of the
2010s
A $255 million project, which started in Spring 2013, replaced structural elements of the
On December 10, 2015, a Red Line train in revenue service traveled from Braintree to North Quincy without an operator in the cab before it was stopped by cutting power to the third rail. The MBTA initially said that the train appeared to have been tampered with and the incident was not an accident, but later determined operator error to have been the cause.[50]
On February 21, 2018, a Red Line train motor failed on approach to Andrew station causing the train to derail.[51] On June 11, 2019, a Red Line train derailed just north of JFK/UMass station, damaging three sheds of signal equipment that control the complex interlockings around the station. The Red Line was limited to 10 trains per hour (instead of the usual 13-14) for several months while repairs were made.[52][53] The derailment was caused by a broken axle, which had been made brittle by sparks from a faulty grounding component on a motor.[54][55] Full service resumed on September 25, 2019.[55]
Winter issues and resiliency work
During the
During 2015, the MBTA implemented its $83.7 million Winter Resiliency Program, much of which focused on preventing similar vulnerabilities with the Orange and Red lines. The section of the Braintree branch between JFK/UMass and Wollaston had old infrastructure and was largely built on an embankment, rendering it more vulnerable. New third rail with heaters and a different metal composition to reduce wear was installed, along with
In July 2016, the MBTA Fiscal and Management Control Board approved a $18.5 million contract to complete work along the remainder of the southern branches. The project included all remaining third rail replacement, track work between Fields Corner and Savin Hill, signal system work between North Quincy and Braintree, and track replacement at Quincy Center, Quincy Adams, and Braintree. The work was completed in the second half of 2016.[59]
Operations and signaling
As of February 2023[update], both branches were scheduled to operate on 12–13-minute headways during weekday peak hours (with a combined 6-minute headway between Alewife and JFK/UMass) and 12 to 16 minute headways at other times. Fleet utilization ranged from 16 trains (96 cars) on weekends to 20 trains (120 cars) at peak hours.[60] However, rolling stock availability and longer trip times due to slow zones reduced service. By July 2023, headways were 18 minutes on each branch on weekdays and every 22 minutes on weekends.[61] This was improved to 14–16 minute weekday headways and 20–22 minute weekend headways on August 27, 2023.[62]
The Ashmont and Harvard branches were both built with
Scheduled headways were as low as 2 minutes after the 1928 extension to Ashmont.[63] When Stadium station was in use for Harvard football games, headways as low as 13⁄4 minutes were used.[64] Ridership peaked around 1947, when passenger counters logged over 850 people per four-car train during peak periods. After the conversion to ATC, throughput in the downtown corridor was 13 trains per hour or a little less than 5 minute headway which gives a maximum capacity of 20,280 passengers per hour.[65]
In October 2018, the MBTA awarded a $218 million improved signal contract for the Red and Orange Lines, which will allow 3-minute headways between JFK/UMass and Alewife beginning in 2022.[66] The decreased headway will be achieved through increased vehicle performance, an upgrade of the existing ATC system to use higher performance digital components and a reduction in the length of signaling blocks to 500 feet.[65]
During snowstorms, the MBTA runs an empty train during non-service hours to keep the tracks and third rail clear.[67] The Red Line experienced major service disruptions in the winter of 2014–15 due to frozen-over third rails, leaving unpowered trains stranded between stations with passengers on board.[citation needed]
Rolling stock
Series # | Year Built | Manufacturer | Car Length |
Car Width |
Photo | Fleet numbers (Total ordered) |
Number in service (as of January 2024) [68] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
#1 | 1969–1970 | Pullman-Standard
|
69 feet 6 inches (21.18 m) | 10 feet 2 inches (3.10 m) |
|
22 | |
|
38 | ||||||
#2 | 1987–1989 | UTDC | 10 feet (3.05 m) |
|
54 | ||
#3 | 1993–1994 | Bombardier |
|
82 | |||
#4 | 2021–2023 | CRRC | 69 feet 9.75 inches (21.28 m)[69] |
|
14 |
The Red Line is
Rolling stock is maintained at the Cabot Yard in
1912 Cambridge subway and 1928 Dorchester cars
The Cambridge subway began service in 1912 with 40 all-steel motor cars built by the
About 20 feet (6.1 m) of the Boston car was separated by a bulkhead for a smoking compartment. In contrast to the elevated lines, passenger flowthrough was not intended, and every door was used as both entrance and exit.[73] Thirty-five cars of similar design were added in 1919 from the Pressed Steel Car Company, followed by 60 more in 1928 from the Bradley Car Company for the Cambridge–Dorchester subway.[74]
1963 Pullman cars
The 1912–1928 Cambridge–Dorchester fleet remained in service until 1963, when it was replaced all at once by 92 married-pair cars from
Aluminum-bodied cars
Three series of older
All these cars use traditional
Stainless steel–bodied cars
The 1800–85 series of
They have modern
In December 2008, the MBTA began running a pair of modified 1800 series cars without seats, in order to increase train capacity. The MBTA became the first transit operator in the United States with heavy rail operations to run cars modified for this purpose. These cars, set 1802–1803, have been designated as "Big Red" cars, denoted by large stickers adjacent to the doors. Automated service announcements at stations alert passengers to the arrival of these high-capacity trains.[78] As of 2018, both Big Red cars have been retrofitted with seats, about half as many as the standard 01800 series cars.
Cars 01816 and 01817, out of service since 2004, were donated to the US Coast Guard in November 2021. They were relocated to
CRRC cars and upgraded signal system
In October 2013, MassDOT announced plans for a $1.3 billion subway car order for the Orange and Red Lines, which would provide 74 new cars to replace the 1500/1600-series cars, with an option to increase the number to 132 to replace the 1700-series cars.[80]
On October 22, 2014, the MassDOT Board awarded a $567 million contract to build 132 replacement railcars for the Red Line, as well as additional cars for the Orange Line to a
In December 2016, the MBTA opted to purchase additional identical cars from CRRC, allowing replacement rather than costly refurbishment of the 01800 series cars. The second order is for 120 cars costing $277 million, with an option for 14 additional cars. Combined, the 2014 and 2016 orders will provide a single common fleet for the entire Red Line, with enough cars to eventually run 3-minute headways at peak.[86] Replacement of the signal system is expected to be complete by 2021 on the Red Line; the total cost is $218 million for both the Red and Orange Lines.[87] The first trainset of new cars entered revenue service on December 30, 2020.[88] The cars were taken out of service on March 16, 2021 after a CRRC car on the Orange Line derailed.[89] After investigations were completed, they returned to service in January 2022,[90][91] at which point an increased number of deliveries was expected during 2022.[92] The cars were pulled from service again in June 2022 after a battery failure;[93] they returned in July 2022.
Production delays became apparent in 2019, and then factory shutdowns and staffing limitations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic delayed projected final delivery to 2024,[94] with subsequent issues with staffing, supply chain, and delaying expected completion to summer 2025.[95] The CRRC contract specifies a penalty of $500 per car per day of delay after September 2023; as of September 2022, 12 cars had been delivered.[95]
Art and architecture
The MBTA pioneered a "percentage for art" public art program called Arts on the Line during its Northwest Extension of the Red Line in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Arts on the Line was the first program of its kind in the United States and became the model for similar programs for art across the country.
The
The MBTA maintains an online catalog of the over 90 artworks installed along its six major transit lines. Each downloadable guide is illustrated with full-color photographs, titles, artists, locations, and descriptions of individual artworks.[97]
Newer aboveground stations (particularly Alewife, Braintree, and Quincy Adams, which all have large
Station listing
Location | Station | Opened[6] | Notes and connections |
---|---|---|---|
Cambridge | Alewife | March 30, 1985 | 350 128 Business Council: A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, R1, R2 |
Somerville | Davis | December 8, 1984 | MBTA bus: 96
|
Cambridge | Porter | 96
| |
Stadium | October 26, 1912 | Closed November 18, 1967; used only for games at Harvard Stadium. | |
Harvard/Brattle | March 24, 1979 | Closed September 1, 1983; temporary station during Harvard reconstruction. | |
Harvard | September 6, 1983 | Original station slightly to the southeast was open from March 23, 1912 to January 30, 1981. MBTA bus: 96
| |
Harvard/Holyoke | January 31, 1981 | Closed September 1, 1983; temporary station during Harvard reconstruction. | |
Central | March 23, 1912 | MBTA bus: 91
| |
Kendall/MIT | MBTA bus: | ||
West End, Boston | Charles/MGH | February 27, 1932 | |
Downtown Boston | Park Street | March 23, 1912 | MBTA subway: Green MBTA bus: 43 |
Downtown Crossing | April 4, 1915 | 505
| |
South Station | December 3, 1916 | 11
Amtrak: Acela, Lake Shore Limited, Northeast Regional Intercity buses at South Station Bus Terminal | |
South Boston | Broadway | December 15, 1917 | MBTA bus: 47
|
Andrew | June 29, 1918 | MBTA bus: 171
| |
Dorchester, Boston | JFK/UMass | November 5, 1927 | UMass Boston shuttle
|
Ashmont branch | |||
Dorchester, Boston | Savin Hill | November 5, 1927 | |
Fields Corner | MBTA bus: 210
| ||
Shawmut | September 1, 1928 | ||
Ashmont | : 12 | ||
Braintree branch | |||
Quincy | North Quincy | September 1, 1971 | MBTA bus: 217
|
Wollaston | MBTA bus: 211
| ||
Quincy Center | 245
| ||
Quincy Adams | September 10, 1983 | MBTA bus: 238
| |
Braintree | Braintree | March 22, 1980 | 236
|
Closed station |
See also
- Dorchester Tunnelplan
References
- ^ "Quarterly Ridership Update: Third Quarter FY19" (PDF). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. May 20, 2019. p. 6.
- ISBN 0-8289-0173-2.
- ^ End of service on Old Colony's Shawmut Branch
- ^ "MTA Boosts Service For New Year's Eve". The Boston Globe. December 29, 1960. p. 8 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "M.T.A. Dropping Morning Express". The Boston Globe. September 27, 1961. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Belcher, Jonathan. "Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district" (PDF). Boston Street Railway Association.
- ^ Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (January 28, 1981). "Public Hearing Notice". Boston Globe. p. 65 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Developed at Boston". Transit Journal. 76 (12): 512. December 1932.
- ^ Horace Nathaniel Gilbert; Charles Insco Gragg (1929). An Introduction to Business: A Case Book. McGraw-Hill. p. 313.
- ^ Lufkin, Richard F. (1966). System Route Map (Map). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ^ Hanron, Robert B. (August 26, 1965). "...Meanwhile, Back on the Circle-T". Boston Globe. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
- CityLab.
I remember sitting in my Cambridge office preparing for a meeting with the MBTA in which I would be proposing colored lines. I had markers in front of me and I chose red for the line that went to Harvard since it's a well-known institution whose main color is crimson.
- ^ Carr, Robert (July 29, 1965). "MBTA Buys Old Colony Line For a South Shore Express". Boston Globe – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "MBTA Plans Downtown Tunnel". Boston Globe. November 20, 1965. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e f Sanborn, George M. (1992). A Chronicle of the Boston Transit System. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on 2019-04-16. Retrieved 2016-01-19 – via MIT.
- ^ a b "MBTA South Bay Maintenance Center Contract". Rollsign. Vol. 9, no. 8/9. Boston Street Railway Association. August–September 1972. Via Tremont Street Subway NHL documentation.
- ^ Clarke, Bradley H. (1981). The Boston Rapid Transit Album. Cambridge, Mass.: Boston Street Railway Association. p. 16.
- ^ Claffey, Charles E.; Richwine, David (August 2, 1975). "132 hurt in rush-hour crash of 3 MBTA trains". Boston Globe. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Hanron, Robert (November 7, 1965). "MBTA to Unveil Master Plan Soon For 75-mph Service to Far Points". Boston Globe. p. 48 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions on the Fare Restructuring and Increase". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007.
- ^ "Three New Subways Planned". Boston Globe. June 25, 1922. p. 71 – via Newspapers.com.
- .
- ^ "T puts last link in Red Line extension". Boston Globe. March 31, 1985. p. 34 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Boston Elevated Railway; Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities (April 1945), Air View: Present Rapid Transit System – Boston Elevated Railway and Proposed Extensions of Rapid Transit into Suburban Boston – via Wikimedia Commons
- ^ a b Central Transportation Planning Staff (November 15, 1993). "The Transportation Plan for the Boston Region – Volume 2". National Transportation Library. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015.
- ^ Casey, Gene R. (April 6, 1947). "10 Electric-Train Lines Proposed by Board in Report to Legislature". Boston Globe. pp. 1, 28 – via Newspapers.com. (second section, third page)
- ^ A Comprehensive Development Program for Public Transportation in the Massachusetts Bay Area. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 1966. pp. V-16 to V-19 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b c d e f g Final Environmental Impact Statement: Red Line Extension – Harvard Square to Arlington Heights. Vol. 1. Urban Mass Transportation Administration. 1977 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Harvard-Alewife Extension". Rollsign. Vol. 9, no. 8/9. Boston Street Railway Association. August–September 1972. Via Tremont Street Subway NHL documentation.
- ^ Taylor, Jerry (March 7, 1977). "MBTA weighs Arlington Red Line 'no' vote". Boston Globe. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Turner, Robert L. (May 5, 1977). "Arlington MBTA ban loses". Boston Globe. p. 24 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b David McKay Wilson (June 16, 1979). "Don't halt MBTA job, judge advised". Boston Globe. p. 15 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Crocket, Douglas S.; Hirshon, Paul (March 3, 1985). "T dedicates new Harvard station". Boston Globe – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Lanson, Terry H. (October 13, 1993). "Dump Succeeds As Park". Harvard Crimson.
- ^ 1979 Annual Report. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 1979. p. 27 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "MBTA Contract No. B43PS02: Longfellow Approach Architecture and Engineering Services" (PDF). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. April 29, 2019.
- ^ 1985 Annual Report. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 1985. p. 13 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ 1985 Annual Report. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 1987. p. 19 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b c Tran Systems and Planners Collaborative (August 24, 2007). "Evaluation of MBTA Paratransit and Accessible Fixed Route Transit Services: Final Report" (PDF). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.
- ^ Operations Directorate Planning Division (November 1990). "Ridership and Service Statistics" (3 ed.). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. pp. 1–4 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ MBTA : ACCESS; The Guide to Accessible Services and Facilities. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. June 1992. p. 15 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Charles MGH Renovation". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on April 6, 2008.
- ^ "New Charles/MGH Station Opens" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. March 27, 2007.
- ^ Official Audit Report – Issued June 16, 2014: Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, For the period January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2012 (PDF) (Report). Auditor of the Commonwealth. June 16, 2014.
- ^ "Governor Patrick Celebrates Ashmont Station Completion". Massachusetts Department of Transportation. October 21, 2011. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
- ^ "Governor Patrick, Mayor Menino Celebrate Completion of Fields Corner Station" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. September 23, 2008.
- ^ "Longfellow Bridge construction extended until late 2018 - the Boston Globe". The Boston Globe.
- ^ Powers, Martine (February 28, 2013). "Longfellow Bridge repairs, disruption to start in summer". Boston Globe. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- ^ MassDOT. "Longfellow Bridge". Accelerated Bridge Program. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Archived from the original on 28 March 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- ^ Rosen, Andy; Dungca, Nicole (10 December 2015). "Red Line train leaves station without operator". Boston Globe. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
- Boston Globe. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
- ^ "Plans to Accelerate Red Line Signal Repairs". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. June 21, 2019.
- ^ Stout, Matt; Siu, Diamond Naga (June 21, 2019). "T says Red Line reduced schedule to last through summer". Boston Globe.
- ^ Levenson, Michael (September 16, 2019). "T attributes Red Line derailment to broken subway axle". Boston Globe.
- ^ a b "Completion of Red Line Signal Repairs" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. September 25, 2019.
- ^ a b Vaccaro, Adam (23 September 2015). "Winter is coming, and the MBTA is getting ready". Boston Globe. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- ^ "Gov. Baker Announces $83.7 Million MBTA Winter Resiliency Plan" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 4 June 2015.
- ^ "Winter Resiliency Work Continues on the Red Line: WEEKEND TRAIN SERVICE BETWEEN JFK/UMASS AND QUINCY CENTER SUSPENDED" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 9 September 2015.
- ^ "MBTA: Next Phase of Red Line Winter Resiliency Improvements Approved". MassDOT Blog (Press release). Massachusetts Department of Transportation. 25 July 2016. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Belcher, Jonathan (January–February 2023). "MBTA Vehicle Inventory as of February 28, 2023". Rollsign. Vol. 60, no. 1–2. Boston Street Railway Association. p. 7.
- ^ "Rapid Transit" (PDF). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. July 2, 2023.
- ^ "Fall 2023 Service Changes". Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. August 2023.
- ^ Boston Transit Department (1929). Report of the Transit Department for the Year ending December 31, 1928. City of Boston. p. 40 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Recent Improvements of the Boston Elevated System". Electric Railway Journal. 41 (10). Mcgraw Publishing: 411–413. March 8, 1913 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b "Red Line Customer Capacity Update" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-12.
- ^ Jessen, Klark (October 2, 2018). "MBTA Awards Signal Upgrade Contract for Red and Orange Lines" (Press release). Massachusetts Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on October 10, 2018. Retrieved October 2, 2018.
- ^ Ba Tran, Andrew (23 March 2012). "MBTA Red Line's 100th anniversary". Boston Globe. Retrieved 29 March 2012.
- ^ "Home". roster.transithistory.org.
- ^ "Red Line transit vehicle for Boston's MBTA". CRRC. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
- ^ O'Regan, Gerry. "MBTA Red Line". nycsubway.org. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
- ISBN 0-06-011272-7.
- ISBN 093831503X.
- ^ Steel Cars for the Cambridge Subway In: Electric Railway Journal, Vol XXXIX, No. 2, p. 58.
- ^ a b "The MBTA Vehicle Inventory Page". NETransit. October 3, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ New Cars Cut Costs for Boston Transit Railway Age March 4, 1963 pages 16/17
- ^ Clarke, Bradley H. (1981). The Boston Rapid Transit Album. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Boston Street Railway Association. p. 11.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-19. Retrieved 2012-02-14.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ MBTA strips out the seats from some Red Line trains Archived 2012-11-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Belcher, Jonathan (January–February 2022). "MBTA Vehicle Inventory as of February 28, 2022". Rollsign. Vol. 59, no. 1–2. Boston Street Railway Association. p. 6.
- ^ "Governor Patrick Announces Major Transportation Funding Investments" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. October 22, 2013.
- ^ MBTA: Orange Line problems not linked to Springfield-built cars
- ^ "Chinese Company Hopes MBTA Contract Will Be U.S. Launching Pad". WBUR. October 22, 2014. Archived from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
- ^ Vantuono, William C. (October 1, 2019). "MBTA Orange Line Cars Pulled From Service: Report". Railway Age.
- ^ "GOVERNOR PATRICK ANNOUNCES MBTA'S RECOMMENDED COMPANY TO BUILD NEW SUBWAY CARS IN MASSACHUSETTS" (PDF) (Press release). Office of Governor Deval L. Patrick. October 21, 2014 – via State Library of Massachusetts.
- ^ "Red Line Transformation Program | Projects | MBTA".
- ^ "MBTA purchases an additional 120 new Red Line cars" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. December 12, 2016.
- ^ Vaccaro, Adam (October 1, 2018). "Signal problem? MBTA takes aim at prime cause of delays with new signal system". Boston Globe.
- ^ DeCosta-Klipa, Nik (December 30, 2020). "The first new Red Line train hit the tracks Wednesday. Here's what it looked like". Boston Globe. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
- ^ "All new MBTA trains pulled from service after new Orange Line train derails". WCVB. 2021-03-17. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
- ^ "The MBTA's new Red Line train is slowly returning to passenger service".
- ^ "New MBTA Red Line cars to return to tracks by the end of the month". 11 December 2021.
- ^ "Test Track and Vehicle Testing Facility to Be Used for New Red Line Cars" (Press release). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. January 5, 2022.
- ^ "New Orange, Red line trains taken back out of service by MBTA". 21 June 2022.
- ^ The new Orange and Red Line cars are going to arrive at least a year late
- ^ a b More new T cars? Not so fast. New Red, Orange Line trains face more delays.
- ^ "Boston Inspires Public Art" (PDF). Boston Public Library. 2003. pp. 5, 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-03. Retrieved 2008-09-01.
the MBTA collaborated with the... Cambridge Arts Council... to acquire art for the Red Line Northwest Extension Project. The result was the beginning of a world-class public art program and collection that has grown to include over seventy pieces on six transit lines.
- ^ "Public Art in Transit: Over the Years". mbta.com. Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on 2014-06-25. Retrieved 2014-06-23.
Further reading
- Cheney, Frank. (2002) Boston's Red Line: Bridging the Charles from Alewife to Braintree, Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738510477