Red Turban invasions of Goryeo
This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2009) |
Red Turban invasions of Korea | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
Goryeo dynasty |
Red Turban army | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Mao Ju-jing Pan Cheng Sha Liu † Guan Xiansheng † Zhou Yuan-shuai | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
~20,000 (1359) ~200,000 (1360) |
~40,000 (1359) ~100,000 (1360) |
The Red Turban invasions of Goryeo occurred in the 14th century, when the
Background
The Mongol invasions of Korea lasted from 1231 to 1259, and Goryeo capitulated to the Mongol empire under an agreement of a condition "not changing the local custom" (不改土風), and became their son-in-law nation (駙馬國) in 1270 until 1356. In the mid-14th century, when the Yuan dynasty was beginning to crumble due to the Red Turban Rebellion, Gongmin reformed the Korean government, abolished Mongolian military outposts, purged pro-Yuan sentiments, and regained lost northern territories.[1] The Red Turbans attacked Goryeo most likely because of military exigency.[2]
First Red Turban invasion
In December 1359, part of the Red Turban army moved their base to the Liaodong Peninsula. However, they were experiencing a shortage of war materials and lost their withdrawal route to Chinese mainland. The Red Turban army led by Mao Ju-jing invaded Goryeo and took the city of Pyongyang. In January 1360, the Goryeo army led by An U and Yi Bang-sil retook Pyongyang and the northern region which had been captured by the Red Turbans. Of the Red Turban army that had crossed the Yalu River, only 300 troops returned to Liaoning after the war.
Second Red Turban invasion
In November 1360, the Red Turban troops invaded again Goryeo's northwest border with 200,000 troops and they occupied
Aftermath
Although Goryeo had repulsed the Red Turbans, both its population and economy had been severely damaged.
In 1388, unwilling to lead the invasion of Liaodong and fight the Ming dynasty, General Yi Seonggye decided to revolt against U of Goryeo and his fellow general, Choe Yeong, and swept back to the capital, Gaegyeong, to secure control of the government. In 1392, General Yi founded Joseon dynasty.
See also
- Korea under Yuan rule
- Gongmin of Goryeo
- Yi Seong-gye
- Red Turbans
References
- ISBN 9780231500043. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ISBN 978-0-674-03608-6. Retrieved 2 May 2020.