Great Reduction
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In the Great Reduction of 1680, by which the ancient landed nobility lost its power base, the
Background
The reductions were fought for by gentry, tradesmen, state servants, and peasantry alike, partly as a way to curb the power of the great aristocratic families and partly as a way to make the state solvent and able to pay its debts.[2]
One such reduction, (
Results
It is not known exactly how much the Swedish Crown profited from the reductions. The reductions carried out during the reign of Charles XI seem to have resulted in 1,950,000 daler silvermynt in annual rent of which 700,000 were from Sweden and Finland, the core of the Swedish Empire. The dominions in the eastern Baltic and northern Germany yielded approximately 1,150,000 daler silvermynt, of which 550,000 came from Livonia alone.
Swedish Crown
Financially, the reduction during the reign of Charles XI resulted in a significant increase of the assets of the Swedish Crown. To a high degree, it contributed to the development of the strong and meticulous organization of the realm's finances and government. The reduction also improved the situation of the landowning
Nobility
The reduction had an enormous effect on the economy and status of the nobility in Sweden. Since the fiefs that were reduced might have changed owners over the course of many generations, the reduction resulted not only in the loss of the fiefdoms but the cancellation of inheritances from times past, purchases, exchanges, etc. This caused a general insecurity with regards to ownership and
The foreign dominions
The reductions had major consequences in the Swedish foreign dominions. They affected both Swedes who had received fiefdoms and represented in the
Especially in Livonia, an old
See also
References
- ^ "Reduktionerna". Nordisk familjebok. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
- ^ "reduktion". uppslagsverket.fi. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
- ^ "Karl X Gustav". karolinskaforbundet.se/. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
- ^ "fjärdepartsräfsten". uppslagsord. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
- ^ "Reduktion". nykarlebyvyer.nu. Archived from the original on 2007-03-14. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
- ^ "Patkul, Johann Reinhold von". Johann Reinhold von Patkul. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. 1887. p. 225. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
Sources
- Nyström, J. Fr. (1889). Reduktion. Nordisk familjebok (in Swedish). Vol. 13. Stockholm. pp. 790–795. Archived from the original on 2011-10-16.
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - 1558–1710. Estonia under Swedish rule
- Reduktion (in Swedish)
- Nyström, Per (1983). "Ekonomisk frihet och rätt i svensk historia". I folkets tjänst, artiklar i urval (in Swedish). Stockholm.
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - This article contains content from the Owl Edition of Nordisk familjebok, a Swedish encyclopedia published between 1904 and 1926, now in the public domain.