Region

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This article is about the concept of region in geography. For other uses, see Region (disambiguation).

In

environmental geography). Geographic regions and sub-regions are mostly described by their imprecisely defined, and sometimes transitory boundaries, except in human geography, where jurisdiction areas such as national borders are defined in law. More confined or well bounded portions are called locations
or places.

Apart from the

land and water masses of the planet. The land and water global regions are divided into subregions geographically bounded by large geological features that influence large-scale ecologies, such as plains
and features.

As a way of describing spatial areas, the concept of regions is important and widely used among the many branches of geography, each of which can describe areas in regional terms. For example, ecoregion is a term used in

environmental geography, cultural region in cultural geography, bioregion in biogeography, and so on. The field of geography that studies regions themselves is called regional geography
. Regions are an area or division, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.

In the fields of

environmental geography, regions tend to be based on natural features such as ecosystems or biotopes, biomes, drainage basins, natural regions, mountain ranges, soil types. Where human geography is concerned, the regions and subregions are described by the discipline of ethnography
.

Globalization

See also: Category:Global regions
Map of the world as of 2021
Map of the world as of 2021

Global regions are distinguishable from space, and are therefore clearly distinguished by the two basic terrestrial environments, land and

littoral regions, or earthquake regions that are defined in geology
.

Continental regions

Continental regions are usually based on broad experiences in human history and attempt to reduce very large areas to more manageable

regionalization for the purpose of the study. As such they are conceptual constructs, usually lacking distinct boundaries. The oceanic division into maritime regions is used in conjunction with the relationship to the central area of the continent, using directions of the compass
.

Some continental regions are defined by the major continental feature of their identity, such as the Amazon basin, or the Sahara, which both occupy a significant percentage of their respective continental land area.

To a large extent, major continental regions are mental constructs created by considering an efficient way to define large areas of the continents. For the most part, the images of the world are derived as much from academic studies, from all types of media, or from personal experience of global exploration. They are a matter of collective human knowledge of their own planet and are attempts to better understand their environments.

Regional geography

delimitation
into regions.

Regional geography is also considered as a certain approach to study in geographical sciences (similar to quantitative or critical geographies; for more information, see history of geography).

Human geography

environmental geography
is emerging as a link between the two. Regions of human geography can be divided into many broad categories:

Historical regions

Main article: Historical region

The field of historical geography involves the study of human history as it relates to places and regions, or the study of how places and regions have changed over time.

D. W. Meinig, a historical geographer of America, describes many historical regions in his book The Shaping of America: A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History. For example, in identifying European "source regions" in early American colonization efforts, he defines and describes the Northwest European Atlantic Protestant Region, which includes sub-regions such as the "Western Channel Community", which itself is made of sub-regions such as the English West Country of Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, and Dorset
.

In describing historic regions of America, Meinig writes of "The Great Fishery" off the coast of Newfoundland and New England, an oceanic region that includes the

Grand Banks. He rejects regions traditionally used in describing American history, like New France, "West Indies", the Middle Colonies, and the individual colonies themselves (Province of Maryland
, for example). Instead he writes of "discrete colonization areas", which may be named after colonies but rarely adhere strictly to political boundaries. Among other historic regions of this type, he writes about "Greater New England" and its major sub-regions of "Plymouth", "New Haven shores" (including parts of Long Island), "Rhode Island" (or "Narragansett Bay"), "the Piscataqua", "Massachusetts Bay", "Connecticut Valley", and to a lesser degree, regions in the sphere of influence of Greater New England, "Acadia" (Nova Scotia), "Newfoundland and The Fishery/The Banks".

Other examples of historical regions are Iroquoia, Ohio Country, Illinois Country, and Rupert's Land.

In Russia, historical regions include Siberia and the Russian North, as well as the Ural Mountains. These regions had an identity that developed from the early modern period and led to Siberian regionalism.[1]

Tourism region

Main article: Tourism region

A tourism region is a geographical region that has been designated by a governmental organization or

tourism bureau as having common cultural or environmental characteristics. These regions are often named after a geographical, former, or current administrative region or may have a name created for tourism
purposes. The names often evoke certain positive qualities of the area and suggest a coherent tourism experience to visitors. Countries, states, provinces, and other administrative regions are often carved up into tourism regions to facilitate attracting visitors.

Some of the more famous tourism regions based on historical or current administrative regions include

California's Wine Country.[5]
great plains region

Natural resource regions

Rumaila Field, the oil field that lies along the border or Iraq and Kuwait and played a role in the Gulf War; the Coal Region of Pennsylvania, which is a historical region as well as a cultural, physical, and natural resource region; the South Wales Coalfield, which like Pennsylvania's coal region is a historical, cultural, and natural region; the Kuznetsk Basin, a similarly important coal mining region in Russia; Kryvbas, the economic and iron ore mining region of Ukraine; and the James Bay Project
, a large region of Quebec where one of the largest hydroelectric systems in the world has been developed.

Religious regions

Sometimes a region associated with a religion is given a name, like

polity. The term Muslim world
is sometimes used to refer to the region of the world where Islam is dominant. These broad terms are somewhat vague when used to describe regions.

Within some religions there are clearly defined regions. The

ecclesiastical provinces, and parish
.

For example, the United States is divided into 32 Roman Catholic

stake
.

Political regions

See also: Administrative division

In the field of

Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and NATO, as well as informally defined regions such as the Third World, Western Europe
, and the Middle East.

Administrative regions

Further information: Administrative division

The word "region" is taken from the Latin regio (derived from regere, 'to rule'), and a number of countries have borrowed the term as the formal name for a type of subnational entity (e.g., the región, used in Chile). In English, the word is also used as the conventional translation for equivalent terms in other languages (e.g., the область (oblast), used in Russia alongside a broader term регион).

The following countries use the term "region" (or its cognate) as the name of a type of subnational administrative unit:

The Canadian

Québec
also uses the "administrative region" (région administrative).

Scotland had

local government regions
from 1975 to 1996.

In Spain the official name of the

autonomous community of Murcia is Región de Murcia. Also, some single-province autonomous communities such as Madrid
use the term región interchangeably with comunidad autónoma.

Two

Västra Götaland, and there is currently a controversial proposal to divide the rest of Sweden into large regions
, replacing the current counties.

The government of the

Venezuela
.

The government of Singapore makes use of the term "region" for its own administrative purposes.

The following countries use an administrative subdivision conventionally referred to as a region in English:

  • Bulgaria
    , which uses the област (oblast)
  • Greece
    , which uses the Περιφέρεια (periferia)
  • Russia, which uses the область (oblast'), and for some regions the край (krai)
  • Ukraine
    , which uses the область (oblast')
  • Slovakia (kraj)

China has five 自治区 (zìzhìqū) and two 特別行政區 (or 特别行政区; tèbiéxíngzhèngqū), which are translated as "

special administrative region
", respectively.

Local administrative regions

There are many relatively small regions based on local government agencies such as districts, agencies, or regions. In general, they are all regions in the general sense of being bounded spatial units. Examples include electoral districts such as

C-TRAN
.

Traditional or informal regions

Regions of Finland

The traditional territorial divisions of some countries are also commonly rendered in English as "regions". These informal divisions do not form the basis of the modern administrative divisions of these countries, but still define and delimit local regional identity and sense of belonging. Examples are:

Functional regions

Functional regions are usually understood to be the areas organised by the horizontal functional relations (flows, interactions) that are maximised within a region and minimised across its borders so that the principles of internal cohesiveness and external separation regarding spatial interactions are met (see, for instance, Farmer and Fotheringham, 2011;[6] Klapka, Halas, 2016;[7] Smart, 1974[8]). A functional region is not an abstract spatial concept, but to a certain extent it can be regarded as a reflection of the spatial behaviour of individuals in a geographic space. The functional region is conceived as a general concept while its inner structure, inner spatial flows, and interactions need not necessarily show any regular pattern, only selfcontainment. The concept of self-containment remains the only crucial defining characteristic of a functional region. Nodal regions, functional urban regions, daily urban systems, local labour-market areas (LLMAs), or travel-to-work areas (TTWAs) are considered to be special instances of a general functional region that need to fulfil some specific conditions regarding, for instance, the character of the region-organising interaction or the presence of urban cores, (Halas et al., 2015[9]).

Military regions

See also: Military district

In military usage, a region is shorthand for the name of a military

APP-6A
) is identified with six Xs.

Media geography

Media geography is a spatio-temporal understanding, brought through different gadgets of media, nowadays, media became inevitable at different proportions and everyone supposed to consumed at different gravity. The spatial attributes are studied with the help of media outputs in shape of images which are contested in nature and pattern as well where politics is inseparable. Media geography is giving spatial understanding of mediated image.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Susan Smith-Peter, "The Six Waves of Russian Regionalism in European Context, 1830–2000", in Russia's Regional Identities: The Power of the Provinces, ed. Edith W. Clowes, Gisela Erbsloh and Ani Kokobobo (London: Routledge, 2018), 14–43.
  2. ^ Turismo.intoscana.it Archived 2009-11-30 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2009-11-25
  3. ^ Visitmexico.com Archived 2010-01-02 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 2009-11-25
  4. ^ Lakedistrict.gov.uk, Retrieved 2009-11-25
  5. ^ Winecountry.com, Retrieved 2009-11-25
  6. S2CID 144055983
    .
  7. doi:10.1515/mgr-2016-0006
    .
  8. doi:10.1016/0305-9006(74)90008-7
    .
  9. S2CID 143263476
    .
  10. ^ "Military Units: Army Region". US Department of Defense. Retrieved 2023-05-18.

References
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