Regional Internet registry

Number Resource Organization

Founded	1992 (RIPE NCC) 1993 (APNIC) 1997 (ARIN) 1999 (LACNIC) 2003 (NRO) 2004 (AFRINIC)
Type	Internet governance
Focus	providing a coordinated Internet number registry system supporting the multi-stakeholder model
Origins	1992 RIPE NCC begins distributing addresses 2003 letter from RIRs to ICANN 2004 Memorandum of Understanding
Area served	Worldwide
Method	coordinating joint activities of regional internet registries

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A regional Internet registry (RIR) is an organization that manages the allocation and registration of

The regional Internet registry system evolved, eventually dividing the responsibility for management to a registry for each of five regions of the world. The regional Internet registries are informally liaised through the unincorporated Number Resource Organization (NRO), which is a coordinating body to act on matters of global importance.^[1]

As of 2005, there are currently five regional registries:

• The African Network Information Centre (AFRINIC) is based in Ebene, Mauritius and serves all of Africa.^[2]
• The American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) is based in Chantilly, Virginia and serves Antarctica, Canada, the United States, and some Caribbean countries and territories.^[3]
• The
  Asia Pacific Network Information Centre (APNIC) is based in Brisbane, Australia and serves East, South and Southeast Asia and Oceania.^[4]
• The
  Latin America and Caribbean Network Information Centre (LACNIC) is based in Montevideo, Uruguay and serves Latin America as well as some Caribbean countries.^[5]
• Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre (RIPE NCC) is based in Amsterdam, Netherlands and serves Central and West Asia, Europe, and Russia.^[6]

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

Regional Internet registries are components of the Internet Number Registry System, which is described in

The Number Resource Organization (NRO) is an unincorporated organization uniting the five RIRs.[9] It came into existence on October 24, 2003, when the four existing RIRs entered into a memorandum of understanding (MoU) in order to undertake joint activities, including joint technical projects and policy coordination. The youngest RIR, AFRINIC, joined in April 2005.

The NRO's main objectives are to:

• Protect the unallocated IP number resource pool.
• Promote and protect the bottom-up policy development process of the Internet.
• Serve as a focal point for the
  Internet community
  to provide input on the RIR system.

Local Internet registry

A local Internet registry (LIR) is an organization that has been allocated a block of IP addresses by a RIR, and that assigns most parts of this block to its own customers.^[11] Most LIRs are Internet service providers, enterprises, or academic institutions. Membership in a regional Internet registry is required to become a LIR.

See also

• Country code top-level domain
• Geolocation software
• Internet governance
• National Internet registry

References