Reinhold Glière
Reinhold Glière | |
---|---|
Рейнгольд Глиэр | |
Russian SFSR, Soviet Union | |
Resting place | Novodevichy Cemetery |
Alma mater | Moscow Conservatory |
Occupation(s) | Composer, teacher |
Reinhold Moritzevich Glière (
Biography
Glière was born in the city of
He entered the Kiev school of music in 1891, where he was taught violin by
In 1920 Glière moved to the Moscow Conservatory where he (intermittently) taught until 1941.
After 1917 Glière never visited Western Europe, as many other Russian composers did. He gave concerts in
As Taneyev's pupil and an 'associated' member of the circle around the Petersburg publisher Mitrofan Belyayev, it appeared Glière was destined to be a chamber musician. In 1902 Arensky wrote about the Sextet, Op. 1, "one recognizes Taneyev easily as a model and this does praise Glière". Unlike Taneyev, Glière felt more attracted to the national Russian tradition as he was taught by Rimsky-Korsakov's pupil Ippolitov-Ivanov. Alexander Glazunov even certified an "obtrusively Russian style" to Glière's 1st Symphony. The 3rd Symphony Ilya Muromets was a synthesis between national Russian tradition and impressionistic refinement. The premiere was in Moscow in 1912, and it resulted in the award of the Glinka Prize. The symphony depicts in four tableaux the adventures and death of the Russian hero Ilya Muromets. This work was widely performed, in Russia and abroad, and earned him worldwide renown. It became an item in the extensive repertoire of Leopold Stokowski, who made, with Glière's approval, an abridged version, shortened to around the half the length of the original. Today's cult status of Ilya Muromets is based not least on the pure dimensions of the original 80-minute work, but Ilya Muromets demonstrates the high level of Glière's artistry. The work has a comparatively modern tonal language, massive Wagnerian instrumentation and long lyrical lines.
Notwithstanding his political engagement after the October Revolution Glière kept out of the ideological ditch war between the
Gliere wrote concerti for
He died in Moscow on 23 June 1956.
Honours and awards
- Three Glinka Awards (not Glinka Prizes)
- 1905 – for the first sextet (nominated by Glazunov, Liadov, Balakirev)
- 1912 – for his symphonic poem "Siren"
- 1914 – for Third Symphony ("Ilya of Murom")
- 1937 – Order of the Red Banner of Labour – a musical drama "Gyulsary"
- 1938 – Order of the Badge of Honour
- Three Orders of Lenin
- 1945 – "for outstanding achievements in the field of music and to honor the 70th anniversary of"
- 1950 – "for outstanding achievements in the field of music and to honor the 75th anniversary of"
- 1955 – "for outstanding achievements in the field of music and to honor the 80th anniversary of"
- Three Stalin Prizes, first class
- 1946 – a concerto for coloratura soprano and orchestra
- 1948 – for the Fourth String Quartet.
- 1950 – for the ballet "The Bronze Horseman" (1949)
- Twice Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1925 and 1927)
- People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR (1934) – for "special services to workers and the development of the new Turkic musical culture," for his years of work on the creation of the opera "Shahsanam")
- People's Artist of RSFSR(1935)
- People's Artist of the Uzbek SSR(1937) – for creation of the musical drama "Gyulsary".
- People's Artist of USSR(1938)
List of works
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Orchestral works
- Symphony No 1 in E-flat major, Op. 8 (1900)
- Symphony No 2 in C minor, Op. 25 (1907)
- Sireny (The Sirens) in F minor, symphonic poem, Op. 33 (1908)
- Symphony No 3 (Ilya Muromets) in B minor, Op. 42 (1911). (Premiere by the Russian Musical Society in Moscow under Emil Cooper on 23 March 1912.)[8][clarification needed][9]
- Zaporozhtsy (The Zaporozhy Cossacks), symphonic poem-ballet, Op. 64 (1921; performed only in concert)
- Na prazdnik Kominterna! (Fantasy for the Comintern Festival), Fantasy for military wind orchestra (1924)
- Marsh Krasnoy Armii (March of the Red Army) for wind orchestra (1924)
- Symphonic Fragment (1934)
- Geroitshesky marsh Buryatskoy-Mongolskoy ASSR (Heroic March for the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR), C major, Op. 71 (1934–1936)
- Torzhestvennaya uvertyura k 20-letiyu Oktyabrya (Festive Overture for the 20th Anniversary of the October-Revolution), Op. 72 (1937)
- Ferganskiy Prazdnik (Holiday in Ferghana) Overture Op 75
- Pokhodny marsh (Field March) for wind orchestra, Op. 76 (1941)
- Druzhba narodov (The friendship of the peoples), Overture on the 5th anniversary of the Soviet Constitution, Op. 79 (1941)
- 25 let Krasnoy Armii (25 Years of the Red Army), Overture for wind orchestra, Op. 84 (1943)
- Pobeda (Victory), Overture, Op. 86 (1944); version for wind orchestra, Op. 86a
- Concert Waltz in D-flat major, Op. 90 (1950)
Concerti
- Concerto for harp and orchestra in E-flat major, Op. 74 (1938)
- Concerto for coloratura soprano(oboe, or leggero tenor 8vb) and orchestra in F minor, Op. 82 (1943) (Can also be played on the Violin, Cello, or Fifths tuned Double Bass).
- Concerto for cello and orchestra in D minor, Op. 87 (1946)
- Concerto for horn and orchestra in B-flat major, Op. 91 (1951)
- Concerto for violin and orchestra (Concerto-Allegro) in G minor, Op. 100 (1956), completed and orchestrated by Boris Lyatoshinsky (can also be played on a Cello or Fifths tuned Double Bass)
Vocal works
- Songs
- Chorales
- Cantatas
Chamber music
- String Sextet No 1 in C minor, Op. 1 (1898)
- String Quartet No 1 in A major, Op. 2 (1899)
- Romance for violin and piano in D major, Op. 3 (1902)
- Ballade for Cello and Piano, Op. 4 (1902)
- String Octet in D major, Op. 5 (1902)
- String Sextet No 2 in B minor, Op. 7 (1904)
- Intermezzo and Tarantella for double bass and piano, Op. 9
- String Sextet No 3 in C major, Op. 11 (1904)
- String Quartet No 2 in G minor, Op. 20 (1905)
- Praeludium and Scherzo for double bass and piano, Op. 32
- 11 Pieces for Different Instruments and piano, Op. 35
- 2 Pieces for Flute and Piano
- 1. Mélodie
- 2. Valse
- 2 Pieces for Oboe or Violin and Piano
- 3. Chanson
- 4. Andante
- 1 Piece for Violoncello and Piano
- 5. Apassionate
- 2 Pieces for Clarinet and Piano
- 6. Romance
- 7. Valse triste
- 2 Pieces for Bassoon and Piano
- 8. Humoresque
- 9. Impromptu
- 2 Pieces for Horn and Piano
- 10. Nocturne
- 11. Intermezzo
- 2 Pieces for Flute and Piano
- 8 Duets for Violin and Cello, Op. 39 (1909)
- 12 Duos for 2 Violins, Op. 49 (1909)
- 2 Romances for voice and piano, Op. 50 (1909)
- 12 Album leaves for Cello and Piano, Op. 51 (1910)
- 10 Duos for 2 Cellos, Op.53
- String Quartet No 3 in D minor, Op. 67 (1927)
- String Quartet No 4 in F minor, Op. 83 (1943)
Piano
Numerous piano pieces
- 2 Pieces for Piano, Op. 16 (1904)
- Prélude in C minor
- Romance in E major
- 5 Esquisses, Op.17 (1904)
- 3 Morceaux for Piano, Op, 19 (1905) (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library)
- 3 Pieces for Piano, Op. 21 (1905) (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library)
- 25 preludes for piano, Op. 30 (from the Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection)
- 2 Esquisses, Op.40 (1909)
- 6 Morceaux pour 2 Pianos, Op. 41 (1910?) (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library)
- 8 pièces faciles pour piano, Op. 43 (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library)
- 12 Esquisses, Op.47 (1909) (has also been arranged for organ, and violin/piano)
- 12 morceaux for piano 4-hands, Op. 48 (from the Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection)
- 12 Pièces enfantines pour piano (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library)
- 3 Esquisses, Op.56 (1910)
Stage music
Opera
- Earth and Heaven, opera-oratorio (1900), after the poem by Lord Byron
- Shakh-Senem, opera, Op. 69 (1923–25)
- Rachel, opera in one act, Op.81 (1942–43), libretto by Mikhail Bulgakov after Maupassant's Mademoiselle Fifi
- Leyli va Medzhnun, [Uzbekian] opera, Op. 94 (1940), co-author Talib Sadykov
- Gyul'sara, opera, Op. 96 (1936, rev. 1949), co-author Talib Sadykov
Ballet
- Khrizis, Op. 65 (1912, rev. 1925), Mime Ballet
- Komedianty (The Comedians), Op. 68 (1922, rev. 1930 and 1935 as Doch' Kastilii (The Daughter of Castille))
- Krasny mak (The Red Poppy), Op. 70 (1927, rev. 1949 and 1955 Krasny tsvetok (The Red Flower))
- Cleopatra, Op. 78 (1925), Mime Ballet
- Medny vsadnik (The Bronze Horseman; after Alexander Pushkin), Op. 89 (1948/49)
- Taras Bulba (after Nikolai Gogol), Op. 92 (1952)
Film music
- Alisher Navoi (1947)
Instrumental solos
- Impromptu for harp
- Prelude & Scherzo for Double Bass
- Intermezzo & Tarantella for Double Bass
See also
- List of Ukrainian composers
- List of People's Artists of the Azerbaijan SSR
References
- ^ Reinhold Gliere (Encyclopædia Britannica) www.britannica.com
- Newspapers.com.
- from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
(b Kiev, Dec 30, 1874/ Jan 11, 1875; d Moscow, June 23, 1956). Russian composer.
- ^ a b S. K. Gulinskaja: Reinhold Morizevich Glier Moscow "Musika", 1986, (russian) ASIN B01CUN5G5S
- ISBN 978-0393021400
- ISBN 0-86622-021-6).
- ^ Boris S. Jagolim: R.M. Glier, A catalog of works (Notograficeskij spravocnik), Moscow, 1964 (russian)
- ^ David Ewen (1968)[full citation needed]
- ^ Bushell, Geoff (1999). "Third Symphony". www.gliere.org.uk. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
External links
- Free scores by Reinhold Glière at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) with a comprehensive list of works sorted according to Opus nr.
- Gliere and his Third Symphony Ilya Murometz
- Reinhold Gliere Life and Work
- Global map of R.Gliere's heritage sites (updated regularly)
- List of Reinhold Gliere's manuscripts in Russian Art&Literature Archive