Renovascular hypertension
| Renovascular hypertension | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Renal hypertension |
 | |
| 3D rendered CT of abdominal aortic branches kidneys | |
| Specialty | Cardiology, nephrology  |
| Symptoms | High BP,kidney dysfunction[1] |
| Risk factors | Diabetes, High cholesterol[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Blood and urine test[2] |
| Treatment | Antihypertensive, Stress reduction[1] |
Renovascular hypertension is a condition in which high
Signs and symptoms
Symptoms of renovascular hypertension include the following:[1]
- High blood pressure (early age)
- Kidney dysfunction
- Narrowing of arterieselsewhere in the body
- Pulmonary edema
Causes
Renovascular hypertension is caused by diminished blood flow to one or both kidneys. As a result, the kidneys release hormones that cause the body to retain sodium and water, leading to elevated blood pressure. There are many causes of decreased blood flow to the kidneys. These include:[5]
- Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
- Fibromuscular dysplasia
- Systemic vasculitis
- Renal artery aneurysm
- Arteriovenous fistula
- Arterial embolism due to endovascular manipulation
- renal tumor
- Subcapsular hematoma of the kidney
- Radiation fibrosis
- Extrinsic compression of the renal artery or kidney by a mass (tumor)
Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension involves the narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys which causes a low perfusion pressure that is detected by the
In most people fibromuscular dysplasia or atherosclerosis is the reason for the occlusion of a renal artery which ultimately leads to this condition.[8]
Diagnosis
The diagnosis for renovascular hypertension is done by:[2]
- Blood test (for renal function)
- Urinary test (tests for microalbuminuria)
- Serology (to exclude systemic lupus erythematosus )
- Lipid profile
- red blood cells)
Treatment
In terms of treatment for renovascular hypertension surgical revascularization versus medical therapy for atherosclerosis, it is not clear if one option is better than the other according to a 2014 Cochrane review; balloon angioplasty did show a small improvement in blood pressure .[9]
Surgery can include
Prognosis
The prognosis of individuals with renovascular hypertension is not easy to determine. Those with atherosclerotic renal artery disease have a high risk of mortality, furthermore, those who also have renal dysfunction have a higher mortality risk. However, the majority of renovascular diseases can be improved with surgery.[4]
See also
- Fibromuscular dysplasia
- Hypertensive nephropathy
- Kidney failure
- Renal artery stenosis
References
- ^ a b c d e MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Renovascular hypertension
- ^ a b "Renovascular Disease. Learn about Renovascular Disease | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2015-09-30.
- PMID 25492839. – via ScienceDirect(Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
- ^ a b Renovascular Hypertension at eMedicine
- .
- ISBN 978-1-4612-5657-1.
- ^ Dobrek L. An Outline of Renal Artery Stenosis Pathophysiology-A Narrative Review. Life (Basel). 2021;11(3):208. Published 2021 Mar 7. doi:10.3390/life11030208
- ISBN 9780323070676.
- PMID 25478936.
- ISBN 9781582550824.
- ^ Renovascular Hypertension~treatment at eMedicine
Further reading
- Advances in Renal Hypertension Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition: ScholarlyPaper. ScholarlyEditions. 2012-12-26. ISBN 9781481636018.
- Textor, Stephen C. (2009). "Current Approaches to Renovascular Hypertension". Medical Clinics of North America. 93 (3): 717–32, Table of Contents. PMID 19427501.
- Mehta, Ankit N.; Fenves, Andrew (2010). "Current opinions in renovascular hypertension". Proceedings. 23 (3): 246–9. PMID 20671820.
External links
