Republic of Korea Navy
Republic of Korea Navy | |
---|---|
대한민국 해군 Daehan-minguk Haegun | |
Founded | 11 November 1945 (78 years, 5 months) |
Country | South Korea |
Type | Navy |
Role | Naval warfare |
Size | ~70,000 active duty personnel including 29,000 marines (2022)[1]
~150 ships and 70 aircraft[1] |
Part of | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
Headquarters | Republic of Korea Navy HQ, Gyeryongdae complex, Gyeryong |
Motto(s) | 바다로, 세계로 ("To the sea, to the world") |
March | Haegunga ("Navy Anthem")[2] |
Fleet |
Total:150 ships |
Engagements | |
Website | www |
Commanders | |
President | Yoon Suk Yeol |
Minister of National Defense | Shin Won-sik |
Chief of Naval Operations | Admiral Yang Yong-mo |
Insignia | |
Ensign | |
Flag and jack | |
Pennant | |
Roundel | |
Logo |
The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN;
The Republic of Korea Navy was established as the Marine Defense Group on November 11, 1945, after Korea was liberated from the Empire of Japan on August 15, 1945. Since the Korean War, the South Korean navy had concentrated its efforts on building naval forces to counteract hostilities of North Korea. As South Korea's economy grew, the ROK Navy was able to locally build larger and better equipped fleets to deter aggression, to protect the sea lines of communication, and to support the nation's foreign policy.[5] As part of its mission, the ROK Navy has engaged in several peacekeeping operations since the turn of the 21st century.[6] The ROK Navy aims to become a blue-water navy in the 2020s.[7][8]
Duties and objectives
The main duties of the Navy shall be operations on the sea, including landing operations, and the main duties of the Marine Corps shall be landing operations, and the Navy and Marine Corps shall be formed and equipped for that purpose and shall provide education and training necessary therefor.
— Act on the Organization of National Armed Forces[9]
The objectives of the ROK Navy as the main force for the national security and prosperity are:[10][11]
- To deter war
- To gain victory at sea
- To protect national interests
- To contribute to world peace
History
Origins
In 1380, naval forces of the
During the
By the end of the 19th century, the Joseon navy had no significant naval force
Founding years and Korean War
The Republic of Korea Navy was established as the Marine Defense Group on November 11, 1945. After Korea was liberated from the Empire of Japan on August 15, 1945,
In October 1949, the ROK Navy purchased a 600-ton submarine chaser, the former
The
In September 1953, the ROK Navy established the Republic of Korea Fleet, which was responsible for the operation and training of the ships.
Building up the fleet
After the Korean War, the ROK Navy built up its surface fleet with
During the Vietnam War, the ROK Navy dispatched the Naval Transport Group ("Seagull"), and the Republic of Korea Marine Corps sent the 2nd Marine Brigade ("Blue Dragon") to South Vietnam. In April 1975, just before the Fall of Saigon, two ROKN LSTs evacuated about 1,300 South Vietnamese and South Koreans from South Vietnam to South Korea.[25]
On July 30, 1960, ROKS Gangwon (DE 72), formerly USS Sutton (DE-771), sank the North Korean navy patrol craft PBS 371 off the coast of Geojin. On January 19, 1967, ROKS Dangpo (PCE 56), the former USS Marfa, was sunk by North Korean coastal artillery north of the demarcation line off the east coast of Korea.[26] In June 1970, a Navy broadcast vessel (I 2) was captured and abducted by North Korean patrol craft in the vicinity of Yeonpyeong Islands in the West Sea (Yellow Sea).[27]
On February 22, 1974, a Navy harbor tug (YTL 30) capsized off Tongyeong, resulting in death of 153 Navy, Coast Guard recruits and 6 sailors.
Indigenous warship building
In the 1970s, through the
In November 1987, the Headquarters Republic of Korea Marine Corps was re-established; it was disbanded in October 1973 due to budget constraint.[29] In June 1993, the ROK Navy Headquarters was relocated from Seoul to the Gyeryongdae complex, the tri-service headquarters in Gyeryong.[30]
Since the 1990s, the ROK Navy has been trying to build an ocean-going fleet to protect its sea lines of communication. In 1989, the Navy mentioned the "Strategic Task Fleet" (Jeollyak-gidong-hamdae) in the Joint Strategic Objectives Plan. The ROK Naval forces began to participate in RIMPAC exercises from 1990. During Admiral An Pyong-tae's tenure as CNO, President Kim Young-sam supported the Navy by approving a long-term shipbuilding plan for the ocean-going navy.[31] In 1999, the Navy developed its strategic vision for the 2020s as "Navy Vision 2020" that outlined the Navy's future Task Fleet, which includes light aircraft carriers and ballistic missile submarines.[32]
At the same time, the ROK Navy steadily upgraded its naval forces: In order to strengthen the
In October 1998, the ROK Navy hosted its first international fleet review in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Republic of Korea and its armed forces off of the coast of Busan and Jinhae.
In June 1999, the ROK and DPRK naval forces met in the
In 2002, the lead ship
From 2001 to 2003, a naval transport unit called Haeseong supported
On March 26, 2010,
From green water to blue water
In preparation for an ocean-going navy, the ROK Navy established a task force called Maritime Task Flotilla Seven in February 2010.
Since 2009, a Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyer from the task force is being deployed as the Escort Task Group (Cheonghae) in response to piracy off the coast of Somalia. On January 21, 2011, naval commandos of the task group carried out an operation, and succeeded in rescuing the crew of the hijacked MV Samho Jewelry.[37] As a humanitarian operation, the unit was dispatched to evacuate South Koreans and foreign nationals from war-torn Libya in 2011 and 2014.[38]
The ROK Navy completed a new naval base called
The ROK Navy continued shipbuilding programs to upgrade its fleet with local shipbuilders. In order to replace the aging
In October 2018, the Navy hosted its third international fleet review off coast of Jeju Island.[41]
In 2019, the Navy updated its strategic vision for the 100th anniversary of the ROK Navy as "Navy Vision 2045". As part of the vision, Admiral Sim Seung-seob, the Chief of Naval Operations proposed to build an ICT-based, system-driven "Smart Navy".[42]
Aircraft carrier ambitions
Since the 1990s, the ROK Navy has been planning to acquire an aircraft carrier force as part of its commitment to become a blue-water navy. The symbol of the ROK Navy that was introduced in 2000 depicts the Navy's aircraft carrier ambitions. In 2005 and 2018 the ROK Navy launched two 18,800-ton Dokdo-class amphibious ships (LPH), equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for operating helicopters.
In August 2020, the Ministry of National Defense formally announced its intent to begin construction of a 30,000-ton light aircraft carrier. It is expected to purchase F-35B aircraft from the United States for the carrier.[43] It was authorized as the CVX program in February 2021.
Organization
The Republic of Korea Navy includes the Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, Republic of Korea Fleet, Republic of Korea Marine Corps, Naval Education and Training Command, Naval Logistics Command, and Naval Academy. The Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) is the highest-ranking officer of the ROK Navy.
The ROK Navy is led by the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO). The Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters is located within the Gyeryongdae complex, the tri-service headquarters in Gyeryong, includes the office of the Chief of Naval Operations and various agencies and staff functions.[44]
The CNO is a four-star admiral and a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The CNO oversees the administration of organizing, recruiting, training, equipping, supplying, and mobilizing the ROK Navy. Despite the title, the Chief of Naval Operations does not have operational command authority over combat units (i.e. Republic of Korea Fleet, Republic of Korea Marine Corps). The CNO is an administrative position based in the Gyeryongdae complex, and exercises supervision of Navy organizations as the designee of the Minister of National Defense. Operational command of combat units falls within the purview of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff who reports to the Minister of National Defense.[45]
Republic of Korea Fleet
The Republic of Korea Fleet, the highest operational command of the ROK Navy, was established in September 1953. Headquartered at Busan Naval Base, the Commander Republic of Korea Fleet (formerly Commander-in-Chief Republic of Korea Fleet) is responsible for naval operations. COMROKFLT, a three-star admiral, also serves as the Commander Naval Component Command (CNCC) of the
The Republic of Korea Fleet has three numbered fleets each assigned to the seas east, west, and south of South Korea:
- First Fleet (Donghae)
- Maritime Battle Group One
- Second Fleet (HQ: Pyeongtaek)
- Maritime Battle Group Two
- Incheon Naval Sector Defense Command (HQ: Incheon)
- Third Fleet (HQ: Mokpo)
- Maritime Battle Group Three
- First Fleet (
For various types of naval operations, the ROK Fleet has a submarine force, a naval aviation
- Submarine Force Command[46]
- Naval Air Command
- Mine/Amphibious Flotilla Five (Mine Squadron 52, Amphibious Squadron 53, Naval Mobile Construction Squadron 59)
- Maritime Task Flotilla Seven (Maritime Task Squadron 71, Maritime Task Squadron 72, Mobile Logistics Squadron 77)
- Battle Training Group Eight[47]
- EOD, and Sea Salvage & Rescue Unit (SSU)[48])
- Maritime Intelligence Group
- Numbered fleets
In 1986, the ROK Navy reorganized its patrol forces into three fleets: the First Fleet, Second Fleet, and Third Fleet. The three numbered fleets, each is led by a rear admiral (upper half), are responsible for protecting the coastal water around South Korea: The First Fleet is for the eastern naval sector, the Second Fleet is for the western naval sector and the Third Fleet is for the southern naval sector including
- Submarine Force Command
Headquartered in Jinhae, the Submarine Force Command was established in February 2015. The ROK Navy's submarine unit had a humble beginning with three Dolgorae-class midget submarines in June 1990. After acquiring ROKS Jang Bogo (SS 061), a Type 209-class submarine, the Submarine Squadron 57 of the Component Flotilla Five was upgraded to the Submarine Flotilla Nine in October 1995. Since then, it has been playing the role of the ROK Navy's core strength.
The Submarine Force Command, which is led by a rear admiral (upper half), includes six Submarine Squadrons with
The Submarine Force Command offers the International Submarine Education & Training Program (ISETP) for submariners around the world.[50]
- Naval Air Command
Headquartered in
The Naval Air Command has naval air stations in
helicopters.- Mine/Amphibious Flotilla Five
Headquartered in Jinhae, the Mine/Amphibious Flotilla Five (formerly Component Flotilla Five) has been the matrix of various units conducting naval component operations such as anti-submarine warfare (ASW), mine warfare, amphibious warfare, salvage and special operations. As a successor to the Flotilla One and Flotilla Two, the Component Flotilla Five was founded in 1986 with the ASW Squadron 51 (later to become Maritime Task Flotilla Seven), Mine Squadron 52, Amphibious Squadron 53, Service Squadron 55 (later Sea Salvage & Rescue Unit), and Special Warfare Squadron 56 (later Naval Special Warfare Flotilla). In 1990 and 2007, the Submarine Squadron 57 (later Submarine Force Command) and Training Squadron 509 (later Battle Training Group Eight) were established respectively. As of December 2018, the Flotilla Five was composed of the Mine Squadron 52, Amphibious Squadron 53, and Naval Mobile Construction Squadron 59. The Commander Mine/Amphibious Flotilla Five is a rear admiral (lower half).[51]
- Maritime Task Flotilla Seven
Since the 1990s, the ROK Navy has been trying to build an ocean-going fleet to protect the sea lines of communication. In 2001, President Kim Dae-jung revealed that the Navy will have a task force called "Strategic Task Fleet" (Jeollyak-gidong-hamdae), which will "protect national interests in the five oceans and contribute to world peace."[52]
As part of the plan, the ROK Navy established a task force called Maritime Task Flotilla Seven on February 1, 2010, which evolved from the
A Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyer of the Maritime Task Flotilla Seven is being deployed as the Escort Task Group (Cheonghae) in response to piracy in shipping lanes off the coast of Somalia. As a humanitarian operation, ROKS Munmu the Great (DDH 976) of the task group was dispatched to evacuate South Koreans and foreign nationals from war-torn Libya in 2014.[38]
The ROK Navy plans to upgrade the Maritime Task Flotilla Seven to a fleet with 18 destroyers.[6]
Republic of Korea Marine Corps
The ROK Navy includes the Republic of Korea Marine Corps, which functions as a branch of the Navy.[54] The ROK Marine Corps is responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the ROK Navy. The Marine Corps, with 29,000 personnel, is organized into two divisions and two brigades under the Headquarters ROK Marine Corps. The Commandant of the Republic of Korea Marine Corps is a three-star general. The ROK Marine Corps has about 300 tracked vehicles including assault amphibious vehicles, main battle tanks, and self-propelled artillery.
Shore establishments
- Naval Education and Training Command
Headquartered in Jinhae, the Naval Education and Training Command is one of the two major shore commands of the ROK Navy. The Command is responsible for training, education and professional development of the Navy's active duty Sailors.[55] One of its primary roles is to conduct the initial orientation and basic training for new recruits of the Navy and the Korea Coast Guard. The Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps (NROTC) is under the Naval Education and Training Command. The Naval Education and Training Command is led by a vice admiral.
- Naval Logistics Command
The Naval Logistics Command is the other major shore command of the ROK Navy. It is located in Jinhae. The Command delivers logistics and support to the Navy, and is committed to the Navy's combat readiness. It includes the Naval Ship Yard, the Naval Supply Center, the Naval Ordnance Ammunition Center, and the Naval Technology Research Institute. The Naval Logistics Command is led by a rear admiral (upper half).[56]
- Republic of Korea Naval Academy
The Republic of Korea Naval Academy is a four-year coeducational service academy located in Jinhae. It was established in 1946. Graduates are commissioned as Ensigns in the Navy or Second Lieutenants in the Marine Corps. The Naval Academy also hosts the Officer Candidate School (OCS), which provides training to become commissioned officers for civilian college graduates and candidates with military experience.[57] The Superintendent of the ROK Naval Academy is a vice admiral.
South Korea has a joint military partnership with the United States as outlined by the
Headquartered at Busan Naval Base,
Originally established as the U.S. Naval Advisory Group Chinhae Detachment, the Commander Fleet Activities Chinhae (CFAC) is a U.S. Navy installation in Jinhae.
Bases
The ROK Navy operates several naval bases in South Korea:
Situated in the southeastern coast of the
Located in South Korea's second most-populous city after Seoul, Busan Naval Base has become another major naval base for the ROK Fleet since its headquarters moved from Jinhae in 2007. The base can accommodate up to 30 naval ships as big as the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier.
Donghae, Pyeongtaek, and Mokpo hosts the headquarters of the First, Second and the Third Fleet respectively. Incheon hosts the Incheon Naval Sector Defense Command under a one-star admiral responsible for protecting littoral waters close to Seoul, the nation's capital. Pohang has a naval base for amphibious forces such as the 1st Marine Division ("Sea Dragon") located nearby.
In February 2016, the ROK Navy completed a new naval base on the southern coast of South Korea's largest island -
Jeju Naval Base was the venue for the international fleet review 2018 in October 2018.[61]
Personnel
The ROK Navy has about 70,000 personnel, including the 29,000 members of the ROK Marine Corps.
Military service is mandatory for all South Korean men. In the ROK Navy, all members are volunteers, with enlisted seamen serving for 20-month periods; commissioned officers, warrant officers, and petty officers serving longer terms than those of enlisted seamen, or as career. Women can volunteer as officers, warrant officers, or petty officers. In 2001, six female ensigns, who had become commissioned officers through the Officer Candidate School, were assigned to serve on surface ships of the ROK Navy, for the first time.[62]
- Commissioned officers
There are several paths to becoming a commissioned officer in the ROK Navy, including the Naval Academy, Officer Candidate School (OCS), and Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps (NROTC). Officer Candidate School, located at the Naval Academy, Jinhae, provides training for candidates with current or prior enlisted experience in the military and civilian college graduates, which take majority in OCS.
- Warrant officers
The
Warrant officers mess in the wardroom with commissioned officers.
- Petty officers
Petty officers originate from a petty officer candidate program, which trains military personnel and civilians who take majority - seamen experience is not required to become petty officers. In the ROK Navy, personnel with ranks of Hasa (Petty officer) through Wonsa are considered petty officers (i.e.
There are the appointments of Juim-wonsa and Juim-sangsa equivalent to that of the U.S. Navy's command master chief petty officer (CMDCM). The positions are filled by senior Wonsa and Sangsa respectively and unlike their U.S. Navy counterparts, the ROK Navy Juim-wonsa and Juim-sangsa wear the same standard rate insignia of Wonsa or Sangsa with an identification badge.[1]
- Seamen
In the ROK Navy, seamen are referred to as "Subyeong" (
Uniforms
ROK Navy uniforms were influenced by US Navy uniforms with some notable differences. Petty officers, not just chief petty officers, wear uniforms identical to that of a commissioned officer's uniform except with different insignia, and petty officers wear a
A new shipboard working uniform similar to the NWU Type I has been issued since 2021.[65]
Ranks and rates
In the ROK Navy, as in the rest of the ROK Armed Forces, ranks fall into one of four categories: commissioned officer, warrant officer, petty officer (non-commissioned officer), and seaman, in decreasing order of authority. Commissioned officer ranks are subdivided into flag officers, senior officers (lieutenant commander through captain), and junior officers (ensign through lieutenant).
ROK Navy
All three branches – the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force of the ROK Armed Forces share the same rank insignia and the same names of ranks in Korean.
- Commissioned officer
Rank group | Flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republic of Korea Navy[66] |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
원수 Wonsu |
대장 Daejang
|
중장 Jungjang
|
소장 Sojang
|
준장 Junjang
|
대령 Daeryeong |
중령 Jungnyeong |
소령 Soryeong |
대위 Daewi
|
중위 Jungwi
|
소위 Sowi
|
- Warrant officer
Rank group | Warrant officer |
---|---|
Republic of Korea Navy | |
준위 Junwi
|
- Enlisted
Rank group | Petty officers | Seamen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republic of Korea Navy[66] |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
원사 Wonsa
|
상사 Sangsa
|
중사 Jungsa
|
하사 Hasa
|
병장 Byeongjang
|
상등병 Sangdeungbyeong
|
일등병 Ildeungbyeong
|
이등병 Ideungbyeong
|
International activities
The ROK Navy frequently participates in multinational exercises and international activities. Also it has engaged in several peacekeeping operations since the turn of the 21st century.
- Cruise Training: since 1954, the ROK Navy has conducted the annual ocean-going training with the fourth year midshipmen (naval cadets) of the Naval Academy to provide on the job training before commissioning them and to foster relations with other navies around the world. In 1992, the ROK Navy ships - ROKS Chungnam (FF 953) and ROKS Masan (FF 955) of the Cruise Training Unit circumnavigated the world for the first time.
- Navy to Navy Talks: the ROK Navy holds regular naval conferences with its counterparts of Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and United States.[67][68]
- Pacific Reach: the ROK Navy has participated in the biannual submarine rescue exercise since 2000. In 2004, the ROK Navy hosted the exercise, which was the first multinational naval exercise the ROK Navy ever hosted.
- RIMPAC: the ROK Naval forces have participated in the biannual multilateral naval exercise since 1990.
- ROKN-JMSDF SAREX: the ROK Navy and Japan Maritime Self Defense Force(JMSDF) conducted the search and rescue exercise biannually since 1999.
- WP MCMEX/DIVEX: the mine warfare forces of the ROK Navy have participated in the Western Pacific Mine Counter Measure Exercise/Diving Exercise since 2004.
- Cobra Gold: together with the ROK Marines, the ROK Navy has participated in Cobra Gold since 2010.[69][70]
- ROK-US combined amphibious landing exercise: The ROK Navy and ROKMC together with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corpsconduct the exercise annually in Korea.
Counter-piracy operations
Since March 2009, the ROK Navy has deployed the
As of March 2019, about 8,500 sailors were deployed to the Gulf of Aden in 28 Escort Task Groups, which had escorted about 22,000 ships since the first deployment.[72]
International fleet review
In October 1998, the ROK Navy hosted its first international fleet review in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Republic of Korea and its armed forces off coast of Busan and Jinhae. 21 ships from 11 countries (Australia, Bangladesh, France, India, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, United Kingdom, United States) participated in the fleet review as well as 34 ships and 15 aircraft from South Korea.[73] The ROK Navy hosted its second international fleet review off coast of Busan in October 2008 to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the South Korean government. 22 ships from 11 countries (Australia, Canada, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, Singapore, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States) participated in the fleet review as well as 33 ships and 27 aircraft from South Korea.[74][75]
The Cruise Training Unit – ROKS Kwaggaeto the Great (DDH 971), ROKS Jeju (FF 958) and ROKS Cheonji (AOE 57) participated in International Fleet Review 2002 commemorating the 50th anniversary of JMSDF in
The ROK Navy hosted its third international fleet review off coast of Jeju Island in October 2018. 15 ships from 9 countries (Australia, Brunei, Canada, India, Russia, Singapore, Thailand, United States, Vietnam) participated in the pass-in-review as well as 24 ships and 24 aircraft from South Korea.[76] In April 2019, ROKS Gyeonggi (FFG 812) attended an international fleet review to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the PLA Navy in Qingdao.
Equipment
There are about 160 commissioned ships with the ROK Navy (a total displacement of about 350,000 tonnes
Ships
The vessels are categorized into four levels. A first-rate ship (Sohn Wonyil–class SS, DDG, DDH, LPH, MLS, and AOE) is commanded by a captain; a second-rate ship (SS, FFG, FF, PCC, LST, ATS, and ASR) by a commander; a third-rate ship (PKG, MSH, and MHC) by a lieutenant commander; and a fourth-rate craft (PKMR, PKM, and LSF) is commanded by a lieutenant or a warrant officer.
The ROK Navy employs the U.S. Navy–style letter based
The ship prefix for all the commissioned ROK Navy ship is ROKS (Republic of Korea Ship) when the names of ships are written in English.
Class | Image | ROKN classification | Displacement (light/full tons) |
First deployment | Commissioned | Launched | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Submarines
| |||||||
Dosan Ahn Changho class | SS: Submarine | 3,750 (submerged) | 2021 | 3 | - | KSS-III Batch-I; 3 in batch | |
Sohn Wonyil class | SS: Submarine | 1,860 (submerged) | 2007 | 9 | - | SS-II (9 in class); Capable of launching cruise missiles[78] | |
Jang Bogo class | SS: Submarine | 1,290 (submerged) | 1993 | 9[79] | - | SS-I (Being upgraded)[80] | |
Destroyers | |||||||
Sejong the Great class | DDG: Destroyer Guided-missile | 7,650/10,600 | 2008 | 3 [81] | 1 | 3 more planned as KDX-III Batch-II[82] | |
Chungmugong Yi Sunshin class | DDH: Destroyer Helicopter | 4,500/5,520 | 2003 | 6[83] | - | DDH-II; To be followed by KDDX | |
Kwanggaeto the Great class | DDH: Destroyer Helicopter | 3,200/3,900 | 1998 | 3 | - | DDH-I | |
Frigates | |||||||
Chungnam class | FFG: Frigate Guided-missile | 3,600/4,300 | 2024 | - | 1 | FFG-III (FFX Batch-III; 6 in batch) | |
Daegu class | FFG: Frigate Guided-missile | 3,100/3,650 | 2018 | 8 | - | FFG-II (FFX Batch-II; 8 in batch) | |
Incheon class | FFG: Frigate Guided-missile | 2,500/3,251 | 2013 | 6 | - | FFG-I | |
Ulsan class | FF: Frigate | 1,446/2,350 | 1981 | 2 | - | To be replaced by FFG | |
Corvettes | |||||||
Pohang class | PCC: Patrol Combat Corvette | 950/1,220 | 1984 | 5 | - | To be replaced by FFG | |
Patrol vessels
| |||||||
Yoon Youngha class
|
PKG: Patrol Killer Guided-missile | 440/570 | 2008 | 18[84] | - | - | |
Chamsuri (PKMR 211) class
|
- | PKMR: Patrol Killer Medium Rocket | 210/250 | 2017 | 16 | - | PKX-B Batch-I (16 in batch), Batch-II (18 in batch) |
Chamsuri (PKM 268) class | PKM: Patrol Killer Medium | 151/170 | 1978 | 35 | - | To be replaced by PKG & PKMR | |
Amphibious warfare ships
| |||||||
Dokdo class | LPH: Landing Transport Helicopter[85] | 14,550/19,000 | 2007 | 2 | - | - | |
Cheonwangbong class
|
LST: Landing Ship Tank | 4,900/8,000 | 2014 | 4[86] | - | LST-II | |
Gojunbong class
|
LST: Landing Ship Tank | 2,900/4,900 | 1993 | 4 | - | - | |
Solgae (LSF 631) class
|
LSF: Landing Ship Fast | 95/155 | 2007 | 4 | 2 | LSF-II (locally-built LCAC) | |
Solgae (LSF 621) class | LSF: Landing Ship Fast | 132/149 | 2005 | 3 | - | Assault hovercraft (Project 12061E Murena-E) transferred from Russia[87][88] | |
Mine warfare ships | |||||||
Nampo class | - | MLS: Mine Layer Ship | 3,000/4,240 | 2017 | 1[89] | - | MLS-II |
Wonsan class | MLS: Mine Layer Ship | 2,500/3,300 | 1997 | 1 | - | - | |
Yangyang class | MSH: Mine Sweeper Hunter | 730/880 | 1999 | 5[90] | 1 | - | |
Ganggyeong class | MHC: Mine Hunter Coastal | 470/520 | 1986 | 6 | - | - | |
Auxiliary ships | |||||||
Hansando class | - | ATH: Training Ship Helicopter | 4,500/6,000 | 2020 | 1[91] | - | Training ship and Casualty Receiving & Treatment Ships (CRTS) |
Soyang class | AOE: Fast Combat Support Ship | 10,600/23,000 | 2018 | 1[92] | - | AOE-II | |
Cheonji class
|
AOE: Fast Combat Support Ship | 4,200/9,200 | 1991 | 3 | - | - | |
Tongyeong class | ATS: Salvage and Rescue Ship | 3,500/4,710 | 2014 | 2[93] | - | ATS-II | |
Ganghwado class | - | ASR: Submarine Rescue Ship | 5,600/6,800 | 2023 | - | 1 | ASR-II |
Cheonghaejin class | ASR: Submarine Rescue Ship | 3,200/4,300 | 1996 | 1 | - | To be followed by ASR-II | |
Singiwon class | - | AGS: Surveying Ship | 3,500/4,600 | 2014 | 1[94][95] | - | AGX-II |
Sinsegi class | - | AGS: Surveying Ship | 2,850/3,700 | 2003 | 1[96] | - | AGX-I |
Mulgae (LCU 87) class | - | LCU: Landing Craft Utility | 540/940 | 2010 | 3 | - | 500-ton LCU for logistics support |
Mulgae (LCU/L 79) class | - | LCU/L: Landing Craft Utility Minelayer | 235/442 | 1998 | 7 | - | Littoral transport, logistics and mine warfare support |
Aircraft
The Air Wing Six operates about 70 fixed-wing and
The ROK Navy had operated about 30
Aircraft | Image | Type | Variant | First deployment | In service | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fixed-wing aircraft | ||||||
Lockheed P-3 Orion | ASW/Maritime patrol aircraft | P-3CK | 2010 | 8[97] | 8 ex-USN P-3B sent from AMARC for modernization by KAI; 1 additional spare aircraft used for parts and remaining hull scrapped in Tucson, Arizona.[98] | |
P-3C | 1995 | 8 | Updated[99] | |||
Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II | light utility aircraft | F406 | 1999 | 5[100] | Target tug | |
Rotary-wing aircraft | ||||||
AgustaWestland AW159 Wildcat | ASW helicopter | AW159 | 2017 | 8[101] | - | |
Westland Lynx | ASW helicopter | Super Lynx Mk.99A | 1999 | 12[102] | - | |
Lynx Mk.99 | 1991 | 11 | - | |||
Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk | utility transport helicopter | UH-60P | 1994 | 8[100] | Built by KAL-ASD | |
Bell UH-1 Iroquois | utility transport helicopter | UH-1H | 1978 | 8[100] | - |
Weaponry
The ROK Navy, the Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA), and the Agency for Defense Development (ADD) have been developing naval weaponry with local defense companies.
Future acquisitions
Ships
- Korean Submarine (KSS)
The KSS program was a three-phased program to build up the ROK Navy's
Through the first phase, KSS-I, the ROK Navy acquired nine 1,200-ton Jang Bogo-class submarine. For the second phase, KSS-II, the ROK Navy planned to acquire nine 1,800-ton Sohn Wonyil-class submarines with Air-Independent propulsion (AIP) system;[103] the lead boat of her class, ROKS Sohn Wonyil (SS 072) was launched at a shipyard of Hyundai Heavy Industries on June 9, 2006. The Type 214 submarine is expected to play a key role in safeguarding the country's maritime interests. For the third phase of the program, the lead boat of KSS-III, the Dosan Ahn Changho (SS 083) was launched in 2018. A total of nine 3,000-ton KSS-III submarines are expected to be built in South Korea with indigenous technologies (i.e. not going under license as the previous KSS-I and KSS-II submarines).[104]
The KSS-III submarines will be able to fire
South Korea has long sought the acquisition of
- Aircraft Carrier Experimental (CVX)
The ROK Navy initially planned to build an amphibious assault ships capable of operating the
- Korea Destroyer Experimental (KDX)
The KDX program was a three-phased program to modernize the surface fleet by developing and constructing new
As follow up programs, the ROK Navy plans to build three additional AEGIS destroyers (KDX-III Batch-II) by 2028,[109] and six 8,000-ton destroyers (KDDX) by 2030 as successors of the Chungmugong Yi Sunshin-class destroyers.[110][111]
- Frigate Experimental (FFX)
The FFX program aims to replace the Ulsan-class frigates and Donghae/Pohang-class corvettes with new frigates. The total number of the ships to be built is 26 (FFX batch-I batch-II batch-III batch-IV).
Six Incheon-class frigates (FFX Batch-I) were commissioned by 2016. The lead ship (FFG 818) in a class of eight in the Daegu-class frigate (FFX Batch-II) was commissioned in 2018. As follow-up, six Chungnam-class frigate (FFX Batch-III) are planned, and the lead ship is to be delivered in 2024.[114]
- Patrol Killer Experimental (PKX)
Through the PKX program, the ROK Navy plans to build a fleet of a next generation
On 28 June 2007, the lead ship of PKX-A, PKG 711 named, ROKS Yoon Youngha, captain of PKM 357 at the
- Landing Transport Experimental (LPX)
The LPX program was the ROK Navy's new amphibious warfare ship program for which Hanjin Heavy Industries has provided the general design package. The ROK Navy's requirements for the new amphibious warfare ships were to enhance Korea's current amphibious operation capability, both in terms of assault and military operations other than war (MOOTW) type operations.
On 12 July 2005, the lead ship (LPH 6111) of the 14,500-ton Dokdo-class amphibious transport dock was launched at the shipyard of Hanjin Heavy Industries in Busan. The first air-cushion landing craft of LSF-II (ROKS Solgae 631) was delivered for ROKS Dokdo in April 2007. In October 2009, the ROK Navy revealed a plan to commission another LPX around 2018.[115] The Marado (LPH 6112) was launched in May 2018.
- MSH phase II
The ROKN plans to build and commission three more Yangyang class mine warfare ships. The lead ship, Namhae was launched in April 2020.
- ASR-II
The ROK Navy plans to commission a new submarine rescue ship around 2022.
Aircraft
- Maritime Patrol Aircraft-II
The ROK Navy had acquired eight
In May 2013, it was announced that the
- Maritime Helicopter-II
Through Maritime Helicopter-I, the ROK Navy took delivery of the first batch of 12 Mk.99 Lynx helicopters in 1991;[128] a second batch of 13 Mk.99A Super Lynx helicopters began delivery in 1999. The first Lynx batch was later upgraded to the same standard as the second batch; the changes included the adoption of a new radar, FLIR, and ESM systems.[129][130]
On 15 January 2013, the Defense Acquisition Program Administration announced the selection of the AW159 Wildcat to fulfill a requirement of the ROK Navy for a maritime helicopter, winning out against the MH-60R Seahawk. The batch of eight aircraft were chosen to perform search-and-rescue missions, anti-submarine warfare and surveillance. On 13 June 2016, the Navy took delivery of four Wildcats. The helicopters operate from the Navy's Incheon-class guided missile/coastal defense frigates. The remaining four were delivered in late November 2016.
In December 2020, the South Korean government ordered 12 MH-60 Seahawk helicopters to further strengthen the Navy's anti-submarine capabilities.[131]
- Mine Countermeasure Helicopter
The ROK Navy had planned to acquire new mine countermeasure helicopters by 2012 with a budget of 480 billion won. AgustaWestland
- Basic Training Helicopter
On 17 May 2022,
See also
- Chief of Naval Operations (South Korea)
- North Korean Navy
- Korea Coast Guard
Explanatory notes
Romanization is according to
- ^ The ROK Navy does not use the number '4' when assigning hull numbers to their ships.
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Further reading
- Bowers, Ian (2019). The Modernisation of the Republic of Korea Navy: Seapower, Strategy and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-319-92290-4.
External links
- Republic of Korea Navy official website (Korean) (English)
- ROK Navy NavalToday.com
Video clips
- Republic of Korea Navy's channel on YouTube