Resist

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For other uses, see Resist (disambiguation).
Longquan celadon vase, 14th century; the unglazed medallions were coated with a resist before the vase was coated with liquid glaze.[1]

A resist, used in many areas of manufacturing and art, is something that is added to parts of an object to create a pattern by protecting these parts from being affected by a subsequent stage in the process.[2] Often the resist is then removed.

For example in the resist dyeing of textiles, wax or a similar substance is added to places where the dye is not wanted. The wax will "resist" the dye, and after it is removed there will be a pattern in two colours. Batik, shibori and tie-dye are among many styles of resist dyeing.[3][4]

Wax or grease can also be used as a resist in pottery, to keep some areas free from a

watercolour and other forms of painting.[8][9] While these artistic techniques stretch back centuries, a range of new applications of the resist principle have recently developed in microelectronics and nanotechnology. An example is resists in semiconductor fabrication, using photoresists (often just referred to as "resists") in photolithography.[10]

Etching

masking. A fixed resist pre-shaped with the pattern is often called a stencil, or in some contexts a frisket.[13]

The Oxford English Dictionary does not record the word "resist" in this sense before the 1830s, when it was used in relation to both "calico-printing" (1836) and metalwork with copper (1839).[14] Resists were also used to etch steel from the mid 19th-century.[15]

Gallery

  • Yūzen resist technique, with crisp, thin white outlines around the dyed patterns, created by ridges of resist paste that separate areas of dye
    Yūzen resist technique, with crisp, thin white outlines around the dyed patterns, created by ridges of resist paste that separate areas of dye
  • Detail of tie-dyed silk (kanako shibori) with embroidery, Japan, 17th century. Pressure resist, no paste.
    Detail of tie-dyed silk (kanako shibori) with embroidery, Japan, 17th century. Pressure resist, no paste.
  • Applying a batik resist in Sri Lanka
    Applying a batik resist in Sri Lanka
  • Jizhou ware tea bowl with natural leaf resist decoration and brown glaze, late southern Song dynasty, about 1200–1279
    Jizhou ware tea bowl with natural leaf resist decoration and brown glaze, late southern Song dynasty, about 1200–1279
  • A problem in a silicon integrated circuit wafer. The pink and blue irregularly-shaped rectangles are areas of photoresist that should have been fully developed and rinse away (purple), but there was a defect in processing. Seen under differential interference contrast microscopy.
    A problem in a silicon integrated circuit wafer. The pink and blue irregularly-shaped rectangles are areas of photoresist that should have been fully developed and rinse away (purple), but there was a defect in processing. Seen under differential interference contrast microscopy.

References

  1. ^ British Museum page
  2. OED
    , "Resist", 3. "Any composition applied to a surface to protect it in part from the effects of an agent employed on it for some purpose".
  3. ^ Resist-dyed textiles, Victoria and Albert Museum, London
  4. ISBN 4770023995
    , 9784770023995
  5. ISBN 071482593X
  6. ^ Medley, pp. 158–159
  7. ^ Beard, Peter, Resist and Masking Techniques (Ceramics Handbooks), 1996, University of Pennsylvania Press,
    ISBN 0812216113
    , 9780812216110
  8. ISBN 1581808046, 9781581808049, google books
  9. ISBN 1136084304
    , 9781136084300
  10. ISBN 366204160X, 9783662041604, google books
  11. ^ Jackson, R. L. "Relief Electro-Etching for Champlevé Enamelling". Guild of Enamellers. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
  12. ^ Nontraditional Chemical Processes
  13. ISBN 0471360112, 9780471360117, google books
  14. OED
    , "Resist", 2. and 3. (original edition)
  15. ISBN 978-1-136-10613-2
    .
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