Rhinoceros (genus)
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2016) |
| Rhinoceros Temporal range:
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| Indian rhinoceros (R. unicornis) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Perissodactyla |
| Family: | Rhinocerotidae |
| Tribe: | Rhinocerotini
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| Genus: | Rhinoceros Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Type species | |
Rhinoceros unicornis Linnaeus, 1758
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| Species | |
Rhinoceros is a
scientific name was proposed by Swedish taxonomist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.[1] The genus contains two species, the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) and the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus). Although both members are threatened, the Javan rhinoceros is one of the most endangered large mammals in the world with only 60 individuals surviving in Java (Indonesia). The word 'rhinoceros' is of Greek origin meaning "nose-horn".[clarification needed
]
Classification
The genus Rhinoceros comprises:
- Indian rhinoceros (R. unicornis) Linnaeus, 1758[1] Indian subcontinent
- Javan rhinoceros (R. sondaicus) Desmarest, 1822[2] Southeast Asia
- †Siwalik Hills) Pliocene-Early Pleistocene
- †Middle Pleistocene, India. Largest species in the genus.[3]
- †R. sinensis Owen, 1870[4] Has been used as a wastebasket taxon[5] used to refer to rhinoceros material from the Pleistocene of China, with various specimens belong to other Rhinoceros species, Dicerorhinus and Stephanorhinus,[6] though it is possible that some remains attributed to Rhinoceros sinensis represents a valid and distinct species of Rhinoceros.[3]
The species "Rhinoceros" philippinensis from the early Middle Pleistocene of the Philippines and "Rhinoceros" sinensis hayasakai from the Early-Middle Pleistocene of Taiwan have been transferred to Nesorhinus, which appears to be closely related to Rhinoceros.[7] While Rhinoceros fusuiensis Yan et al. 2014[8] from the Early Pleistocene of South China has been transferred to Dicerorhinus.[7][9]
Etymology
The genus name Rhinoceros is a combination of the ancient Greek words ῥίς (rhis) meaning 'nose' and κέρας (keras) meaning 'horn of an animal'.[10][11]
References
- ^ a b Linnæus, C. (1758). "Rhinoceros unicornis". Caroli Linnæi Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Holmiae: Salvius. p. 56.
- ^ Desmarest, A. G. (1822). "Rhinocéros des Îles de La Sonde". Mammalogie, ou, Description des espèces de mammifères. Vol. 2. Paris: Mme Agasse. pp. 399–400.
- ^ S2CID 86893957.
- doi:10.1002/oa.1025.
- .
- .
- ^ .
- .
- S2CID 256167036.
- ^ Liddell, H. G. & Scott, R. (1940). "ῥίς". A Greek-English Lexicon (Revised and augmented ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- ^ Liddell, H. G. & Scott, R. (1940). "κέρᾳ". A Greek-English Lexicon (Revised and augmented ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rhinoceros.
Wikispecies has information related to Rhinoceros.
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