Riccardo Freda
Riccardo Freda | |
---|---|
Born | Alexandria, Egypt | 24 February 1909
Died | 20 December 1999 Rome, Italy | (aged 90)
Spouse | Gianna Maria Canale |
Riccardo Freda (24 February 1909 – 20 December 1999) was an Italian film director. He worked in a variety of genres, including sword-and-sandal, horror, giallo and spy films.[2][3]
Freda began directing I Vampiri in 1956.[4] The film became the first Italian sound horror film production.
Biography
Riccardo Freda was born in 1909 in
Film career
Freda first began working in the film industry in 1937 and directed his first film Il mostro di Frankenstein (1920)[9][10] Despite being the first, a wave of Italian horror productions did not follow until Mario Bava's film Black Sunday was released internationally.[9][11][12]
Freda died on 20 December 1999 in Rome.[3]
Filmography
Notes
- ^ a Freda has denied having taken part in writing the script for this film, despite being credited.[19]
- ^ b Freda was originally to direct the film but stated that he walked off the set on the first day of shooting.[33]
- ^ c Freda name is not in the credits but some sources state he directed several battles scenes in the film, which Freda denies.[33]
- ^ d Freda name is not in the credits but some sources state he edited the naval battle scenes in the film, which Freda denies.[38][39]
- ^ e Freda has claimed to have shot the entire film.[38][39]
References
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 3.
- ^ a b c d e Erickson, Hal. "Riccardo Freda". AllMovie. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
- ^ a b Paul 2005, p. 276.
- ^ Jones, Alan (2013). I Vampiri (booklet). Arrow Films. p. 24. FCD756.
- ^ Paul 2005, p. 274.
- ^ Shipka 2011, p. 23.
- ^ Curti 2015, p. 23.
- ^ Curti 2015, p. 24.
- ^ a b Gallant, Chris (23 April 2015). "10 Great Italian Gothic Horror Films". British Film Institute. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
- ^ Curti 2015, p. 11.
- ^ Curti 2015, p. 3.
- ^ Curti 2015, p. 1.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 289.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 290.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 291.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 292.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 293.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 294.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 295.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 302.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 303.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 304.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 305.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 306.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 307.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 308.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 309.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 310.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 311.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 312.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 313.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 314.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 296.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 315.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 316.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 317.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 297.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 298.
- ^ a b c d Curti 2017, p. 299.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 318.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 319.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 320.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 321.
- ^ a b c Curti 2017, p. 322.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 323.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 324.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 325.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 326.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 327.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 328.
- ^ a b Curti 2017, p. 300.
- ^ Curti 2017, p. 301.
Bibliography
- Curti, Roberto (2015). Italian Gothic Horror Films, 1957–1969. ISBN 978-1-4766-1989-7.
- Curti, Roberto (2017). Riccardo Freda: The Life and Works of a Born Filmmaker. ISBN 978-1476628387.
- Paul, Louis (2005). Italian Horror Film Directors. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-8749-3.
- Shipka, Danny (2011). Perverse Titillation: The Exploitation Cinema of Italy, Spain and France, 1960–1980. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-4888-3.
External links
- Riccardo Freda at IMDb