Richard Attenborough
FRSA | |
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Born | Richard Samuel Attenborough 29 August 1923 Cambridge, England |
Died | 24 August 2014 Northwood, London, England | (aged 90)
Resting place | St Mary Magdalene, Richmond, London |
Occupations |
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Political party | Labour |
Spouse | |
Children | |
Parent |
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Relatives |
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Lord Temporal | |
Life peerage 30 July 1993 – 24 August 2014 | |
Military career | |
Allegiance | United Kingdom |
Service/ | Second World War |
Richard Samuel Attenborough, Baron Attenborough,
Attenborough was the president of the
As an actor, Attenborough is best remembered for his film roles in
For his directorial debut, 1969's
Early life
Attenborough was born on 29 August 1923
In September 1939, while Frederick Attenborough was Principal of
During the
Acting career
Attenborough's acting career started on stage and he appeared in shows at Leicester's
In 1949, exhibitors voted him the sixth most popular British actor at the box office.[9]
Early in his stage career, Attenborough starred in the West End production of Agatha Christie's The Mousetrap, which went on to become the world's longest running stage production. Both he and his wife were among the original cast members of the production, which opened in 1952 at the Ambassadors Theatre, moving to St Martin's Theatre in 1974; the production ran continuously for nearly seven decades, until it was shut down by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The Attenboroughs took a 10 per cent profit-participation in the production, which was paid for out of their combined weekly salary; Attenborough later wrote in his autobiography, "It proved to be the wisest business decision I've ever made... but foolishly I sold some of my share to open a short-lived Mayfair restaurant called 'The Little Elephant' and later still, disposed of the remainder in order to keep Gandhi afloat."[10]
At the beginning of the 1950s Attenborough featured on radio on the BBC Light Programme introducing records.[11]
Attenborough worked prolifically in British films for the next 30 years, including in the 1950s, appearing in several successful comedies for
In 1963, he appeared alongside
His portrayal of the
He took no acting roles following his appearance in
He made his only appearance in a film adaptation of
Producer and director
In the late 1950s, Attenborough formed a production company, Beaver Films, with Bryan Forbes and began to build a profile as a producer on projects including The League of Gentlemen (1959), The Angry Silence (1960) and Whistle Down the Wind (1961), appearing in the cast of the first two films.[12] His performance in The Angry Silence earned him his first nomination for a BAFTA. Séance on a Wet Afternoon won him his first BAFTA award.
His feature film directorial debut was the all-star screen version of the hit musical Oh! What a Lovely War (1969), after which his acting appearances became sporadic as he concentrated more on directing and producing. He later directed two epic period films: Young Winston (1972), based on the early life of Winston Churchill, and A Bridge Too Far (1977), an all-star account of Second World War Operation Market Garden.[12]
He won the 1982
His later films as director and producer include
Between 2006 and 2007, he spent time in Belfast, working on his last film as director and producer, Closing the Ring, a love story set in Belfast during the Second World War, and starring Shirley MacLaine, Christopher Plummer and Pete Postlethwaite.[15]
Despite maintaining an acting career alongside his directorial roles, Attenborough never directed himself (save for an uncredited cameo appearance in A Bridge Too Far).[16]
Later projects
After 33 years of dedicated service as President of the
Attenborough was also the patron of the
He was a longtime advocate of education that does not judge upon colour, race, creed or religion. His attachment to Waterford was his passion for non-racial education, which were the grounds on which Waterford Kamhlaba was founded. Waterford was one of his inspirations for directing the film Cry Freedom, based on the life of Steve Biko.[18][19][citation needed]
Attenborough served as Chair of the British Film Institute between 1981 and 1992.[20]
He founded The Richard Attenborough Arts Centre on the Leicester University campus in 1997, specifically designed to provide access for the disabled, in particular as practitioners.[21][22][citation needed]
He was elected to the post of Chancellor of the University of Sussex on 20 March 1998, replacing The Duke of Richmond and Gordon. He stood down as Chancellor of the university following graduation in July 2008.[23]
A lifelong supporter of
He was also head of the consortium
He had a lifelong ambition to make a film about his hero the political theorist and revolutionary Thomas Paine, whom he called "one of the finest men that ever lived". He said in an interview in 2006 that "I could understand him. He wrote in simple English. I found all his aspirations – the rights of women, the health service, universal education... Everything you can think of that we want is in Rights of Man or The Age of Reason or Common Sense."[26][27][28] He could not secure the funding to do so.[29] The website "A Gift for Dickie" was launched by two filmmakers from Luton in June 2008 with the aim of raising £40m in 400 days to help him make the film, but the target was not met and the money that had been raised was refunded.[30][31]
Personal life
Attenborough's father was the principal of
Attenborough married actress Sheila Sim in Kensington on 22 January 1945.[33][34] From 1949 until October 2012, they lived in Old Friars on Richmond Green in London.
In the 1940s, he was asked to 'improve his physical condition' for his role as Pinkie in Brighton Rock. He trained with
On 26 December 2004, the couple's elder daughter, Jane Holland (30 September 1955 – 26 December 2004), along with her mother-in-law, Audrey Holland, and Attenborough's 15-year-old granddaughter, Lucy, were killed when a tsunami caused by the Indian Ocean earthquake struck Khao Lak, Thailand, where they were on holiday.[36][37][38]
A service was held on 8 March 2005 and Attenborough read a lesson at the national memorial service on 11 May 2005. His grandson Samuel Holland, who survived the tsunami uninjured, and granddaughter Alice Holland, who suffered severe leg injuries, also read in the service.[38] A commemorative plaque was placed in the floor of St Mary Magdalene's parish church in Richmond. Attenborough later described the Boxing Day of 2004 as "the worst day of my life". Attenborough had two other children, Michael (born 13 February 1950) and Charlotte (born 29 June 1959). Michael is a theatre director formerly the Deputy Artistic Director of the RSC and artistic director of the Almeida Theatre in London and has been married to actress Karen Lewis since 1984; they have two sons, Tom and Will. Charlotte, an actress, married Graham Sinclair in 1993 and has two children.[36]
In the 1980s he was a supporter of the Social Democratic Party.[39] He publicly endorsed the Labour Party in the 2005 General Election, despite his opposition to the Iraq War.[40]
Attenborough collected
In 2008, he published an informal autobiography entitled Entirely Up to You, Darling in association with his colleague Diana Hawkins.[42][43]
Health and death
In August 2008, Attenborough entered hospital with heart problems and was fitted with a
In January 2011, he sold his Rhubodach estate on the Scottish Isle of Bute for £1.48 million.[46] In May 2011, David Attenborough said his brother had been confined to a wheelchair since his stroke in 2008,[44] but was still capable of holding a conversation. He added that "he won't be making any more films."[47]
In June 2012, shortly before her 90th birthday, Sheila Sim entered the professional actors' retirement home Denville Hall, in Northwood, London, for which she and Attenborough had helped raise funds. In October 2012, it was announced that Attenborough was putting the family home, Old Friars, with its attached offices, Beaver Lodge, which came complete with a sound-proofed cinema in the garden, on the market for £11.5 million. His brother David stated: "He and his wife both loved the house, but they now need full-time care.[48] It simply isn't practical to keep the house on any more."[49] In December 2012, in light of his deteriorating health, Attenborough moved into the same nursing home in London to be with his wife, as confirmed by their son Michael.[44]
Attenborough died at Denville Hall, on 24 August 2014.. Sheila died on 19 January 2016.
Honours
In the
On 30 July 1993, he was created a life peer as Baron Attenborough, of Richmond upon Thames in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.[57][58] Although the appointment by John Major was 'non-political' (it was granted for services to the cinema) and he could have been a crossbencher, Attenborough chose to take the Labour whip and so sat on the Labour benches. In 1992, he had been offered a peerage by Neil Kinnock, then leader of the Labour Party, but refused it as he felt unable to commit himself to the time necessary "to do what was required of him in the Upper Chamber, as he always put film-making first".[59]
Attenborough was the subject of This Is Your Life in December 1962 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at the Savoy Hotel, during a dinner held to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the Agatha Christie play The Mousetrap, in which he had been an original cast member.[12]
In 1983, Attenborough was awarded the
In 1992, the
On 13 July 2006, Attenborough, along with his brother David, were awarded the titles of Distinguished Honorary Fellows of the University of Leicester "in recognition of a record of continuing distinguished service to the university".[64]
On 20 November 2008, Attenborough was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Drama from the
Attenborough was an Honorary Fellow of Bangor University for his contributions to film making.[66]
The Arts for India charity committee honoured Attenborough posthumously on 19 October 2016 at an event hosted at the home of BAFTA.[68]
Filmography
Year | Title | Director | Producer |
---|---|---|---|
1960 | The Angry Silence | Yes | |
1961 | Whistle Down the Wind | Yes | |
1962 | The L-Shaped Room | Yes | |
1964 | Séance on a Wet Afternoon | Yes | |
1969 | Oh! What a Lovely War | Yes | Yes |
1972 | Young Winston | Yes | Yes |
1977 | A Bridge Too Far | Yes | |
1978 | Magic | Yes | |
1982 | Gandhi | Yes | Yes |
1985 | A Chorus Line | Yes | |
1987 | Cry Freedom | Yes | Yes |
1992 | Chaplin | Yes | Yes |
1993 | Shadowlands | Yes | Yes |
1996 | In Love and War | Yes | Yes |
1999 | Grey Owl | Yes | Yes |
2007 | Closing the Ring | Yes | Yes |
Acting roles
Year | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1942 | In Which We Serve | A young stoker | |
1943 | Schweik's New Adventures | Railway worker | |
1944 | The Hundred Pound Window | Tommy Draper | |
1945 | Journey Together | David Wilton | |
1946 | A Matter of Life and Death | An English pilot | |
School for Secrets | Jack Arnold | ||
1947 | The Man Within | Francis Andrews | |
Dancing with Crime | Ted Peters | ||
1948 | Brighton Rock | Pinkie Brown | |
London Belongs to Me | Percy Boon | ||
The Guinea Pig | Jack Read | ||
1949 | The Lost People | Jan | |
Boys in Brown | Jackie Knowles | ||
1950 | Morning Departure | Stoker Snipe | |
1951 | Hell Is Sold Out | Pierre Bonnet | |
The Magic Box | Jack Carter | ||
1952 | Gift Horse | Dripper Daniels | |
Father's Doing Fine | Dougall | ||
1954 | Eight O'Clock Walk | Thomas "Tom" Leslie Manning | |
1955 | The Ship That Died of Shame | George Hoskins | |
1956 | Private's Progress | Pvt. Percival Henry Cox | |
The Baby and the Battleship | Knocker White | ||
1957 | Brothers in Law | Henry Marshall | |
The Scamp | Stephen Leigh | ||
1958 | Dunkirk | John Holden | |
The Man Upstairs | Peter Watson | ||
Sea of Sand | Brody | ||
1959 | Danger Within | Capt. "Bunter" Phillips | |
I'm All Right Jack | Sidney De Vere Cox | ||
Jet Storm | Ernest Tiller | ||
SOS Pacific | Whitey Mullen | ||
1960 | The Angry Silence | Tom Curtis | |
The League of Gentlemen | Lexy | ||
Upgreen – And at 'Em | |||
1962 | Only Two Can Play | Gareth L. Probert | |
All Night Long | Rod Hamilton | ||
The Dock Brief aka Trial and Error | Herbert Fowle | ||
1963 | The Great Escape | Sqn. Ldr. Roger Bartlett "Big X" | |
1963 | The Pink Panther
|
Policeman | |
1964 | The Third Secret | Alfred Price-Gorham | |
Séance on a Wet Afternoon | Billy Savage | ||
Guns at Batasi | Regimental Sgt. Major Lauderdale | ||
1965 | The Flight of the Phoenix | Lew Moran | |
1966 | The Sand Pebbles | Frenchy Burgoyne | |
1967 | Doctor Dolittle | Albert Blossom | |
1968 | Only When I Larf | Silas | |
The Bliss of Mrs. Blossom | Robert Blossom | ||
1969 | The Magic Christian | Oxford coach | |
1970 | The Last Grenade | Gen. Charles Whiteley | |
Loot | Inspector Truscott | ||
A Severed Head | Palmer Anderson | ||
1971 | 10 Rillington Place | John Christie
|
|
1972 | Cup Glory | Narrator | |
1974 | And Then There Were None | Judge Arthur Cannon | |
1975 | Brannigan | Cmdr. Sir Charles Swann | |
Rosebud | Edward Sloat | ||
Conduct Unbecoming | Maj. Lionel E. Roach | ||
1977 | Shatranj Ke Khilari
|
Lt. General Outram | Hindi movie |
A Bridge Too Far | Lunatic wearing glasses | Uncredited | |
1979 | The Human Factor | Col. John Daintry | |
1993 | Jurassic Park | John Hammond | |
1994 | Miracle on 34th Street | Kris Kringle | |
1996 | E=mc2 | The Visitor | |
Hamlet | English Ambassador to Denmark | ||
1997 | The Lost World: Jurassic Park | John Hammond | |
1998 | Elizabeth | Sir William Cecil
|
|
1999 | Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat | Jacob | |
2002 | Puckoon | Narrator | Final film role |
2015 | Jurassic World | John Hammond | Archive audio only |
Video games
Year | Title | Voice role |
---|---|---|
1997 | Chaos Island: The Lost World | John Hammond [69] |
1998 | Trespasser | |
2015 | Lego Jurassic World | Archive Audio from the films. |
Awards and nominations
Year | Title | Academy Awards | BAFTA Awards
|
Golden Globe Awards | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | ||
1969 | Oh! What a Lovely War | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||
1972 | Young Winston | 3 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
1977 | A Bridge Too Far | 8 | 4 | ||||
1978 | Magic | 1 | 1 | ||||
1982 | Gandhi | 11 | 8 | 16 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
1985 | A Chorus Line | 3 | 2 | 2 | |||
1987 | Cry Freedom | 3 | 7 | 1 | 4 | ||
1992 | Chaplin | 3 | 4 | 1 | 3 | ||
1993 | Shadowlands | 2 | 6 | 1 | |||
Total | 25 | 8 | 60 | 19 | 18 | 7 |
Academy Awards
Year | Title | Category | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1982 | Gandhi | Best Picture | Won |
Best Director | Won |
BAFTA Awards
Year | Title | Category | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1960 | The Angry Silence | Best British Actor | Nominated |
1962 | The Dock Brief | Nominated | |
1964 | Guns at Batasi | Won | |
Séance on a Wet Afternoon | |||
1969 | Oh! What a Lovely War | Best Direction | Nominated |
1977 | A Bridge Too Far | Nominated | |
1982 | Gandhi | Best Film | Won |
Best Direction | Won | ||
BAFTA Fellowship | Won | ||
1987 | Cry Freedom | Best Film | Nominated |
Best Direction | Nominated | ||
1993 | Shadowlands | Best Film | Nominated |
Best Direction | Nominated | ||
Outstanding British Film
|
Won |
Golden Globe Awards
Year | Title | Category | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1966 | The Sand Pebbles | Best Supporting Actor | Won |
1967 | Doctor Dolittle | Won | |
1982 | Gandhi | Best Director | Won |
1985 | A Chorus Line | Nominated | |
1987 | Cry Freedom | Nominated |
Portrayals
In early 1973, he was portrayed as "Dickie Attenborough" in the British Showbiz Awards sketch late in the third series of Monty Python's Flying Circus. Attenborough is portrayed by Eric Idle as effusive and simpering. A portrayal similar to that seen in Monty Python can be seen in the early series of Spitting Image, when Attenborough's caricature regularly appeared to thank others for an imaginary award.
In 1985 he was played by Chris Barrie in The Lenny Henry Show, in the final part of a serial pastiching A Passage to India and The Jewel in the Crown. In response to the villain claiming "Gandhi won't win!", he appears in a suit covered in Academy Awards and declares "We've already won!"
In 2012 Attenborough was portrayed by Simon Callow in the BBC Four biopic The Best Possible Taste, about Kenny Everett.
Harris Dickinson plays Attenborough in the 2022 comedy murder mystery See How They Run.
See also
References
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- ^ "Richard Attenborough". Encyclopædia Britannica. 9 November 2013. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ "Richard Attenborough profile at". Filmreference.com. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
- ^ "Richard Attenborough biography". Yahoo!. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-19-954089-1. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ Elgott, Jessica (2 April 2009). "The children Britain took to its heart". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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- ^ "Richard Attenborough's RECORD RENDEZVOUS". Radio Times (1380): 41. 1 April 1950 – via BBC Genome.
- ^ IMDb
- ^ Flynn, Bob (2 August 2002). "Arts: Filming Spike Milligan's Puckoon". The Guardian. London, UK.
- ^ "U Extends Contract With Attenborough As 'Freedom' Bows". Variety. 11 November 1987. pp. 4, 23.
- ^ Works nabs U.K. rights to Closing The Ring from The Hollywood Reporter
- ^ "A Bridge Too Far – Full Cast & Crew". IMDb. 1977.
- ^ "Richard Attenborough Fellowship Fund". Muscular-dystrophy.org. Archived from the original on 5 November 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ a b "Richard Attenborough. Biography". IMDb. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ^ "Cry Freedom (1987). Trivia". IMDb. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- BFI. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "Our Vision". The University of Leicester. Attenborough Arts Centre. 8 June 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ^ "Attenborough Arts Centre". Disability Arts Online/. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ^ Gurner, Richard. "Lord Attenborough steps down as Sussex University chancellor". The Argus. Brighton, UK. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
- ^ "Valleywood film studios faces possible sell-off". BBC News. 3 March 2011.
- ^ Daniels, Nia. William Shakespeare heads to Wales at theknowledgeonline.com, 13 July 2016.
- ^ Hattenstone, Simon (6 September 2008). "Richard Attenborough on laughter, levity and the loss of his daughter". The Guardian. London, UK. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ Ann Talbot (18 September 2009). "A New World: A Life of Thomas Paine by Trevor Griffiths". World Socialist Website. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ Peter T. Chattaway (11 June 2008). "Flashback: Sir Richard Attenborough, the Grey Owl interview". Patheos. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ "Reformer may be captured on film". BBC News. 23 September 2003. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ "Dickie Attenborough gets help from Luton film makers". Bedford Today. 10 June 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
- ^ "A Gift for Dickie". Directors Notes. 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
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- ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
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- ^ News: Chelsea Football Club, Chelsea F.C., August 2014.
- ^ a b Born, Matt (29 December 2004). "Triple tragedy hits Attenborough family". The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
- ^ "Attenborough family's fatal tsunami decision". BBC News. 18 December 2005. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
- ^ a b "Obituary: Jane Attenborough". The Guardian. 8 April 2005. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
- ^ "'People said it did in his career': 33 pictures that defined British politicians". The Guardian. 3 February 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Richard Attenborough endorses Labour in 2005 General Election, The Guardian, 26 April 2005.
- ^ Hurst, Greg. "Richard Attenborough's Picasso ceramics". The Times. London, UK. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
- ^ "Entirely Up to You, Darling by Richard Attenborough". www.penguin.com.au. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ISBN 978-0099503040.
- ^ a b c Hall, Melanie (26 March 2013). "Film director Richard Attenborough moved to care home". The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
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- ^ "Richard Attenborough's ashes to be interred with daughter". The Times of India.
- ^ "No. 44326". The London Gazette (Supplement). 10 June 1967. p. 6278.
- ^ "No. 46777". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1976. p. 1.
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- ^ "Honorary Degrees and Distinguished Honorary Fellowships Announced by University of Leicester". University of Leicester. 9 June 2006. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
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- ^ "Lord Attenborough, Honorary Fellow, Bangor University". Bangor.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
- ^ "The Richard Attenborough Stage opens for business at Pinewood Studios". pinewoodgroup.com. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
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External links
- Richard Attenborough at IMDb
- Richard Attenborough on Charlie Rose
- Richard Attenborough Archive on the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) site
- University of Sussex media release about Lord Attenborough's election as Chancellor, dated Friday, 20 March 1998
- Portraits of Richard Attenborough at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Lord Attenborough at the BFI's Screenonline
- Richard Attenborough Stills & Posters Gallery from the British Film Institute
- Richard Attenborough Centre for Disability and the Arts
- Richard Attenborough in Leicester website
- Profile at the Parliament of the United Kingdom
- Contributions in Parliament at Hansard 1803–2005
- Voting record at PublicWhip.org
- Record in Parliament at TheyWorkForYou.com
- Profile at BBC News Democracy Live
- Richard Attenborough at Virtual History