Rimini

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Rimini Rémin ( Clockwise from top left: view of Adriatic Sea and backyard in Rimini; view of Rimini Beach in the Lungomare area; Rimini theatre and Pope Paul V in Cavour Square; Tiberius Bridge, main monuments: Tiberius Bridge and Arch of Augustus; Arch of Augustus; and Malatesta Temple
Coat of arms
Location of Rimini
Rimini Rimini (Emilia-Romagna) Show map of Emilia-Romagna
Coordinates: 44°03′34″N 12°34′06″E / 44.05944°N 12.56833°E / 44.05944; 12.56833
Country	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	47921, 47922, 47923, 47924
Dialing code	0541
Patron saint	Gaudentius of Rimini
Saint day	14 October
Website	Official website

Rimini (

The city was founded by the Romans in 268 BC. Throughout Roman times, Rimini was a key communications link between the north and south of the peninsula. On its soil, Roman emperors erected monuments such as the Arch of Augustus and the Tiberius Bridge to mark the beginning and the end of the Decumanus of Rimini. During the Renaissance, the city benefited from the court of the House of Malatesta, which hosted artists like Leonardo da Vinci and produced works such as the Tempio Malatestiano. The main monuments in Rimini are the Tiberius Bridge and the Arch of Augustus.

In the 19th century, Rimini was one of the most active cities on the revolutionary front, hosting many of the movements seeking to achieve

As of 31 December 2019, Rimini's urban area was home to 151,200 people, with approximately 325,000 living in the eponymous province, making it the twenty-eighth largest city in Italy. The city is located near the independent republic of San Marino and the Misano race track.

History

Ancient history

Rimini's ancient harbour, portrayed in the mosaic of the boats from the domus of Palazzo Diotallevi

The area was inhabited by Etruscans^[4] until the arrival of the Celts, who held it from the 6th century BC until their defeat by the Umbri in 283 BC. In 268 BC at the mouth of the Ariminus (now called the Marecchia), the Roman Republic founded the colonia of Ariminum.

Ariminum was seen as a bastion against Celtic invaders and also as a springboard for conquering the Padana plain. The city was involved in the civil wars of the first century, aligned with the popular party and its leaders, first Gaius Marius, and then Julius Caesar. After crossing the Rubicon, the latter made his legendary appeal to the legions in the Forum of Rimini.

As the terminus of the Via Flaminia, which ended in the town at the surviving prestigious Arch of Augustus (erected 27 BC), Rimini was a road junction connecting central and northern Italy by the Via Aemilia that led to Piacenza and the Via Popilia that extended northwards; it also opened up trade by sea and river.

Remains of the amphitheatre that could seat 12,000 people, and a five-arched bridge of Istrian stone completed by Tiberius (21 AD), are still visible. Later Galla Placidia built the church of Santo Stefano.

The evidence that Rimini is of Roman origins is illustrated by the city being divided by two main streets, the Cardo and the Decumanus.

The end of Roman rule was marked by destruction caused by invasions and wars, but also by the establishment of the palaces of the Imperial officers and the first churches, the symbol of the spread of Christianity that held the important Council of Ariminum in the city in 359.

Middle Ages

Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta called the Wolf of Rimini, by Piero della Francesca, c. 1450, Louvre

In 728, it was taken with many other cities by Liutprand, King of the Lombards but returned to the Byzantines about 735. Pepin the Short gave it to the Holy See, but during the wars of the popes and the Italian cities against the emperors, Rimini sided with the latter.

In the 13th century, it suffered from the discords of the Gambacari and Ansidei families. The city became a municipality in the 14th century, and with the arrival of the religious orders, numerous convents and churches were built, providing work for many illustrious artists. In fact, Giotto inspired the 14th-century School of Rimini, which was the expression of original cultural ferment.

The House of Malatesta emerged from the struggles between municipal factions with Malatesta da Verucchio, who in 1239 was named podestà (chief magistrate) of the city. Despite interruptions, his family held authority until 1528. In 1312 he was succeeded by Malatestino Malatesta, first signore (lord) of the city and Pandolfo I Malatesta, the latter's brother, named by Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, as imperial vicar of Romagna.

Ferrantino, son of Malatesta II (1335), was opposed by his cousin Ramberto and by Cardinal Bertrand du Pouget (1331), legate of Pope John XXII. Malatesta II was also lord of Pesaro. He was succeeded by Malatesta Ungaro (1373) and Galeotto I Malatesta, uncle of the former (1385), lord also of Fano (from 1340), Pesaro, and Cesena (1378).

His son,

The Pesarese line of the Malatestas tried, in fact, to take advantage of his weakness and to capture the city, but Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Carlo's nephew, who was only 14 at the time, intervened to save it. Galeotto retired to a convent, and Sigismondo obtained the rule of Rimini.

Sigismondo Pandolfo was the most famous lord of Rimini. In 1433,

In 1463, he was forced to submit to Pius II, who left him only Rimini and little more; Roberto Malatesta, his son (1482), under Pope Paul II, nearly lost his state, but under Pope Sixtus IV, became the commanding officer of the pontifical army against Ferdinand of Naples. Sigismondo was, however, defeated by Neapolitan forces in the battle of Campomorto (1482). Pandolfo IV, his son (1500), lost Rimini to Cesare Borgia, after whose overthrow it fell to Venice (1503–1509), but it was later retaken by Pope Julius II and incorporated into the Papal States.

After the death of Pope Leo X, Pandolfo returned for several months, and with his son Sigismondo Malatesta held a rule which looked tyrannous even for the time. Pope Adrian VI expelled him again and gave Rimini to the Duke of Urbino, the pope's vicar in Romagna.

In 1527, Sigismondo managed to regain the city, but in the following year the Malatesta dominion died forever.

Renaissance and Enlightenment

View of Rimini, engraving by Georg Braun (1572)

In the 16th century, the 'grand square' (now the Piazza Tre Martiri in honor of three civilians hanged by the retreating Nazis at the end of World War II), which was where markets and tournaments were held, underwent various changes. A small temple dedicated to Saint Anthony of Padua and a clock tower were built there, giving the square its present shape and size.

Until the 18th century raiding armies, earthquakes, famines, floods and pirate attacks ravaged the city. In this gloomy situation and due to a weakened local economy, fishing took on great importance, a fact testified by the construction of structures such as the fish market and the lighthouse.

In 1797, Rimini, along with the rest of Romagna, was affected by the passage of the Napoleonic army and became part of the Cisalpine Republic. Napoleonic policy suppressed the monastic orders, confiscating their property and thus dispersing a substantial heritage, and demolished many churches including the ancient cathedral of Santa Colomba.

Modern history

The Grand Hotel Rimini

On 30 March 1815, Joachim Murat launched his Rimini Proclamation to the Italian people from here, hoping to incite them to unity and independence. In 1845, a band of adventurers commanded by Ribbotti entered the city and proclaimed a constitution which was soon abolished. In 1860, Rimini and Romagna were incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy.

The city was transformed after the 1843 founding of the first bathing establishment and the Kursaal, a building constructed to host sumptuous social events, became the symbol of Rimini's status as a tourist resort.

In just a few years, the seafront underwent considerable development work making Rimini 'the city of small villas'. At the beginning of the 20th century, The Grand Hotel, the city's first major accommodation facility, was built near the beach.

During the

During World War II, the city was torn apart by heavy bombardments and by the passage of the front over the Gothic Line during the Battle of Rimini and was eventually captured by Greek and Canadian forces. Following its liberation on 21 September 1944, reconstruction work began, culminating in huge development of the tourist industry in the city.

Geography

Topography

Panoramic view of Rimini Beach

View of San Marino

from the hills of Rimini

Rimini's territory, for its geographical position and its climatic features, is situated on the edge between the mediterranean and the central European phytoclimatic zones,[7]^[8] and thus it represents an environment of notable naturalistic value.

Districts

Rimini is the main centre of a 50 kilometres (31 miles) long coastal

The city of Rimini includes the seaside localities and districts of Torre Pedrera, Viserbella, Viserba, Rivabella, San Giuliano Mare towards north and Bellariva, Marebello, Rivazzurra, Miramare towards south. These districts are important to tourism in Rimini.

The city proper includes the historic centre, the four ancient boroughs of S. Giuliano, S. Giovanni, S. Andrea and Marina, the seaside district of Marina Centro and various modern districts—Celle, Marecchiese, INA Casa, V PEEP, Colonnella, Lagomaggio—and outer suburbs such as Padulli, Spadarolo, Covignano, Grottarossa and Villaggio 1° Maggio, located outside of the Adriatic Highway beltline. More outer suburbs are S. Giustina, S. Vito, Spadarolo, Vergiano, Corpolò and Gaiofana.

The historic centre of Rimini, surrounded by the

Rione Cittadella, in the western area of the centre, was the most important district of the city and included the Municipal palaces, Castel Sismondo and the Cathedral of Santa Colomba. Rione Clodio, towards the north, was popular and a peculiar urban structure tied with the near Marecchia river. Rione Pomposo, the widest district of the city, included large orchards and convents. Rione Montecavallo, on the southern part of the historical centre, is characterized by bowed, irregular streets of medieval origins, by the Fossa Patara creek and a small hill called "Montirone".^[10]

Outside of the city walls, there are four boroughs (Borghi), which were entirely incorporated to the city by the urban sprawl in the early 20th century.^[12]

Borgo S. Giuliano, along

Borgo Marina, situated on the right bank of the Marecchia, was a portal borough, heavily transformed by Fascist demolitions and World War II bombings, which hit this area due to its proximity to the bridges and railway station of the city.

• 

  Aerial view of Rimini

• 

  Rimini Beach

• 

  View of Rimini Marina, San Giuliano Mare

• 

  Street in Borgo S. Giuliano

Climate

Rimini has a

As of 2019[update], Rimini has 150,951 inhabitants, with a density of about 1,100 inhabitants per square kilometre within the city limits.

In 1861, by the time of the first Italian census, the population was around 28,000; in 1931 it was more than double, 57,000.

With the increasing tourism development, population rapidly grew between 1951 and 1981, the fastest growing period for Rimini in the 20th century, when the city's population grew from 77,000 to over 128,000.^[21]

During the 20th century, two former districts of Rimini got administrative autonomy, causing two distinct temporary drops in population totals:

Foreign population is 18,396,^[22] (12.5% of the total), mainly from Eastern Europe, East Asia and North Africa. Between 1992 and 2014, foreign population grew from around 1,800 to over 18,000 units. The most important foreign communities are Albanians (3,479), Romanians (2,904), Ukrainians (2,409), Chinese (1,197) and Moldovans (1,023).^[23] Other notable foreign groups in the city are Senegalese, Moroccans, Macedonians, Tunisians, Russians, Bangladeshis and Peruvians.

Religion

Rimini's population is mostly

The first cathedral of the diocese was the former Cathedral of Santa Colomba until 1798, when the title was transferred to the church of Sant'Agostino. Since 1809, Rimini's cathedral is the Tempio Malatestiano.

Besides Roman Catholic churches, there are also

Economy

Rimini Beach

Rimini's origins as a seaside resort date back to 1843, when the first "Bathing Establishment" was founded, the oldest one of the Adriatic Sea.^[25] The width of the beach, the gentle gradient of the sea bed, the equipment of bathing establishments, the luxurious hotels, the mildness of the climate, the richness of curative waters, the prestigious social events, made Rimini a renowned tourist destination among the Italian and European aristocracy during the Belle Époque.^[26]

Rimini Convention Centre (Palacongressi)

The ferris wheel and the harbour at night

Rimini harbour in winter, with the lighthouse in the background

Tourism in Rimini started as therapeutic stay (thalassotherapy, hydrotherapy and heliotherapy), evolving into elite vacation in the late 19th century, into middle-class tourism during the fascist era and finally into mass tourism in the postwar period.^[27]

On summer nights, there is a festival called "La Notte Rosa".

Rimini concentrates about a quarter of Emilia-Romagna's hotels, with over 1,000 hotels, more than 220 of which are open all year round,^[28] aside from apartment hotels, apartments, holiday homes, bed & breakfast and campings. Tourism is mainly based on seaside holidays, but also includes trade fairs and conventions, events, nightlife, culture, wellness, food and wine.^[29] Rimini is a leading trade fair and convention site in Italy,^[30] with an important trade fair (Rimini Fiera) and a convention centre (Palacongressi di Rimini).

The city's other economic sectors, such as services, commerce, construction industry, have been influenced by the development of tourism.

City Museum, Archaeological Department

The City Museum ("Museo della Città"), main museal institution of Rimini, was inaugurated as "Archaeology Gallery", at the ground floor of Palazzo Gambalunga in 1872, thanks to Riminese historian Luigi Tonini, active in researching and studying the local archaeological heritage.[34] The Archaeology Gallery was the first museum of the city and was conceived as a collection of Etruscan civilization and Roman antiquities, found in Rimini and in the surrounding countryside.

The civic museum was arranged in San Francesco monastery in 1923 and in 1938 was enlarged with a section of Medieval Art. The objects avoided the destructions of World War II, being moved between 1940 and 1943 to two different shelters in Spadarolo and Novafeltria.^[35] In 1964, the collections were moved to Palazzo Visconti and finally, from 1990, to the Collegio dei Gesuiti, a large Jesuit convent designed by bolognese architect Alfonso Torreggiani, built in 1749.

The Roman Lapidary, exhibited in the inner courtyard of the City Museum

City Museum, Last Judgement Room

The Museum of Small Fishing and Marine (Museo della Piccola Pesca e della Marineria), in Viserbella, shows the history of Rimini's Marine through a collection of boats, fishing tools, photographs and a large seashells collection, with pieces from all over the Mediterranean Sea.^[38]

In the municipality of Rimini there are also two private museums: the Aviation Museum (Museo dell'Aviazione) in Sant'Aquilina, close to the boundary of the

Libraries

The 17th-century rooms of the Gambalunghiana Library

Teatro Novelli's Hall

The first stable theatre in Rimini is documented since 1681, when the city council decided on the transformation of the Arengo's main hall into a large theatre hall, hosting shows of amateur dramatics companies and the young Carlo Goldoni, who was studying philosophy in the city at that time.^[41] Between 1842 and 1857 the great Municipal Theatre Vittorio Emanuele II was built, designed in Neoclassical style by the architect Luigi Poletti, according to the traditional canons of the 19th-century Italian theatre. The theatre was inaugurated by Giuseppe Verdi, who directed "L'Aroldo", and hosted prestigious opera seasons until its destruction in 1943 due to aerial bombings. Since 1947, it has been called Amintore Galli Theatre. Since its closure, theatre shows has been hosted in the modern Teatro Ermete Novelli in Marina Centro.

Rimini appeared on the movie screen for the first time in some early footages, such as the documentary "Rimini l'Ostenda d'Italia" (1912), and in various Istituto Luce's newsreels in the Thirties. The film director

Amintore Galli, illustrious musicologist and composer born in Talamello in 1845, attended the city's Classical Lyceum before moving to Milan, where he studied at the Academy of Music; in 1945 the Municipal Theatre of Rimini was dedicated to him.^[44]

Between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many social events and dance parties took place at the Bathing Establishment, hosting celebrities such as soprano Elena Bianchini-Cappelli and tenor Enrico Caruso.

In recent years, the city inspired the homonymous music album by Fabrizio De André, released in 1978, and it is cited in various popular Italian and foreign songs by Fabrizio De André, Francesco Guccini, Nino Rota, Elvis Costello, Fred Buscaglione. Also born in Rimini were the songwriter Samuele Bersani and the composer and music producer Carlo Alberto Rossi, author of some of Mina's songs.

Cuisine

Tagliatelle with bolognese sauce

The Piadina Romagnola

Rimini's cuisine is simple and characterized by intense flavours and it is indissolubly related to the traditions of rural culture, influenced by the city's location—between the sea and the hills and near the border between Romagna and Marche.

The traditional first course is

Piada is a flatbread of ancient traditions, thin and crumbly, obtained from a dough of flour, water, lard and salt, and baked on a scorching "testo" of terracotta or cast iron. It is often accompanied by grilled meats or fishes, sausages, gratinée vegetables, salami, prosciutto, fresh cheeses and country herbs.^[48] Cassoni are stuffed flatbreads similar to piada, with various fillings: country herbs, potatoes and sausages, tomato and mozzarella. Side dishes include mixed salads, gratinée vegetables, roasted potatoes, sautée bladder campion leaves, marinated olives with dill, garlic and orange zest.

Traditional desserts are

The wines include Sangiovese, Trebbiano, Pagadebit, Rebola, Cabernet Sauvignon^[50] and Albana,^[51] a dessert wine of Roman origins.

Cityscape

Architecture

Rimini has a varied historical and artistic heritage which includes churches and monasteries, villas and palaces, fortifications, archaeological sites, streets and squares,

Venetian Republic and the Papal States

dominations.

The city has always been a key gate to the

Mediterranean for the Po Valley, thanks to its geographical position and its harbour, and a meeting point between cultures of Northern and Central Italy

.

Rimini has monuments of different eras, with important examples of architecture from the Roman age, such as the Arch of Augustus, the Tiberius Bridge, the Amphitheatre and the Domus del Chirurgo; from the Middle Ages, such as the Palazzo dell'Arengo, the church of Sant'Agostino and Castel Sismondo; from the Renaissance, with the Tempio Malatestiano, masterpiece of Leon Battista Alberti.^[53]

Rimini's archaeological heritage includes some

mosaics

, necropolis and sections of the pavement of the ancient Roman streets. The city, along with its boroughs and the seaside district of Marina Centro, also preserves buildings from the Baroque, the Neoclassical and Art Nouveau periods, with churches, palaces, hotels and mansions which reveal its role of cultural and trading centre and seaside resort.

The city centre has a Roman structure, partly modified by following medieval transformations. Urban evolution, through the renovation of the Malatesta, earthquakes and the suppressions of monasteries, has led to a stratification of historic sites and buildings. The bombings of World War II caused extensive destruction and damage, compromising the monumental heritage and the integrity of the city centre, which has been reconstructed and restored in order to valorize its historic places and buildings.

• 

  Piazza Cavour

• 

  The Tiberius Bridge

• 

  Piazza Tre Martiri

Main sights

Tempio Malatestiano

Church of Sant'Agostino

Palazzo dell'Arengo

Castel Sismondo

Arch of Augustus

Tiberius Bridge

The ruins of the Roman amphiteatre

Religious buildings

• Tempio Malatestiano: the original gothic-style cathedral of San Francesco was built in the 13th century, but reconstructed into a Renaissance masterwork by the Florentine architect Leon Battista Alberti, commissioned by Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, hence the name. In the cathedral are the tombs of Sigismondo and his wife Isotta.
  • Bell tower of the former Cathedral of Santa Colomba.
• Sant'Agostino: 13th-century Romanesque church.
• Chiesa dei Teatini: 17th-century Baroque-style church.
• San Fortunato: this 1418 church houses the Adoration of the Magi painting (1547) by Giorgio Vasari.
• San Giovanni Battista: 12th-century church with single nave with rich stucco decoration from the 18th century.
• Paul Veronese (1588) depicting the martyrdom of that saint. The church also houses the polyptych (1409) by Bittino da Faenza
  (1357–1427) depicting episodes of this saint's life.
• Santa Maria dei Servi: Church built in 1317 by the religious order of the Servants of Mary and entirely transformed in 1779 by architect Gaetano Stegani, which was buried here. The façade was completed in 1894 by Giuseppe Urbani. The interior has a single nave, adorned with coupled columns on each side and rich Baroque plasters.^[54]
• Latin Cross, has a single nave flanked by chapels and adorned by plain Baroque decorations and paintings by Guido Cagnacci
  .
• Tempietto of Sant'Antonio.
• Madonna della Scala.

Secular buildings

• Castel Sismondo or Rocca Malatestiana: this castle built by Sigismondo Pandolfo was later used as a prison.
• Grand Hotel: the Grand Hotel was built in Art Nouveau style by Swiss architect Paolito Somazzi between 1906 and 1908^[55] and protected as "National monument" in 1994. The building is fronted by a wide elevated terrace and it has two central towers which were originally topped by moorish domes, with rich floreal decorations. The hotel has 117 bedrooms, a large atrium, a restaurant and several living rooms, ornamented by ancient furnitures and 18th-century Venetian chandeliers. The hotel hosted many illustrious people, sovereigns, nobles and exponents of the European bourgeoisie.
• Palazzo dell'Arengo e del Podestà (1204): this building was the seat of the judiciary and civil administrations. On the short side, in the 14th century, the podestà residence was added. It was modified at the end of the 16th century.
• Palazzo Garampi.
• Amintore Galli Theatre: this theater was originally dedicated to king Victor Emmanuel II and then renamed for the musician Amintore Galli; it was designed by architect Luigi Poletti. It was inaugurated in 1857 with an opera by Giuseppe Verdi (Aroldo). The theatre was bombed during World War II. Many projects were started to restore it;^[56] it reopened in 2019.^[57]
• Villa Des Vergers: it is the largest riminese villa, situated on the hills of San Lorenzo in Correggiano, about 6 km from the city centre. The villa was built in the 17th century for want of the Diotallevi family; in 1843 it was purchased by French historian and archaeologist
  landscape garden
  , with groups of evergreen oaks, pines and cypresses which frame the palace in scenographic perspectives.

Monuments

• Arch of Augustus: This arch built in 27 BC has a single gate 9.92 metres (33 ft) high and 8.45 metres (28 ft) wide. Merlons were added in the Middle Ages. It was restored in the 18th century by Tommaso Temanza.
• Fontana della Pigna.
• Fontana dei Quattro Cavalli: The fountain is one of the symbols of Rimini as a seaside resort, built in 1928 by riminese sculptor Filogenio Fabbri. Demolished in 1954, was accurately reconstructed in 1983, recomposing the original parts.^[55] The fountain features a large circular basin, overlooked by four marine horses which sustain the superior basin.
• Monument to Pope
  Paul V
  .
• Emperor Augustus
  in 14 AD, as the inscription on the internal parapets recalls, and completed under Tiberius in 21. The bridge still connects the city centre to Borgo San Giuliano and leads to the consular roads Via Emilia and Via Popilia that lead north. Built in Istria stone, the bridge consists of five arches that rest on massive pillars with breakwater spurs set at an oblique angle with respect to the bridge's axis in order to follow the current. The bridge's structure, on the other hand, rests on a practical system of wooden poles.
• Torre dell'Orologio: The Clock tower was built in 1547 in Piazza Tre Martiri, replacing the ancient "beccherie" (public butcher's), and reconstructed in 1759 by Giovan Francesco Buonamici. In 1875, the top of the tower was ruined due to an earthquake, and it was restored in 1933. The clock, which dates back to 1562, overlooks a perpetual calendar assembled in 1750, decorated by terracotta panels depicting zodiacal signs, months and lunar phases. The central, blind arch of the porch houses the memorial of the victims of World War II.

Archaeological sites

• Roman
  amphitheater
  (2nd century): The amphitheater was erected alongside the ancient coast line, and had two orders of porticoes with 60 arcades. It had elliptical shape, with axes of 117.7 by 88 metres (386 by 289 ft). The arena measured 73 by 44 metres (240 by 144 ft), not much smaller than the greatest Roman amphitheatres: the edifice could house up to 15,000 spectators.

Parks and recreation

Rimini has an extensive parks system, with 1.3 million square metres of parks and gardens inside the urban area^[58] and a total of 2.8 million square metres of green areas inside the city limits,^[59] including river parks, sport facilities and natural areas.

The city's park system includes a series of large urban parks, created along the old riverbeds of Marecchia and Ausa, neighbourhood parks and gardens and tree-lined boulevards.

The main parks of the city are XXV Aprile Park, Giovanni Paolo II Park, Alcide Cervi Park, Fabbri Park, Ghirlandetta Park, Federico Fellini Park, Pertini Park in Marebello and Briolini Park in San Giuliano Mare. Every Saturday, XXV Aprile Park hosts one of the Italy's thirteen (as of 2022) parkruns.

In Rimini there are about 42,000 public trees, belonging to 190 different species, predominantly linden, planes, maples, poplars, pines and oaks.

downy oak of Giovanni Paolo II Park, the cypresses of Sant'Agostino, the elm of Viale Vespucci and the linden trees of San Fortunato.^[61]

The city's cycling network is articulated inside the main parks and boulevards, linking the most important monuments, tourist attractions, beaches, meeting places, offering various opportunities to different use categories, including urban travels, mountain bike and cyclotourism.

The urban cycling network is connected, through XXV Aprile Park, to the cycle route which links Rimini and Saiano, along the river Marecchia.

• 

  XXV Aprile Park

• 

  Giovanni Paolo II Park

• 

  Alcide Cervi Park

Education

Rimini is the seat of a Campus of University of Bologna, attended by 5,800 students,^[62] which include bachelors and masters belonging to eight Faculties: Economics, Statistical Sciences, Pharmacy, Literature and Philosophy, Industrial Chemistry, Sport Sciences, Medicine and Surgery.^[63] The city has public schools of all levels, including 13 nurseries, 12 kindergartens, 39 primary schools, 5 secondary schools and 11 high schools (4 Lyceums, 3 Technical Institutes, 3 Professional Institutes and an Institute of Musical Studies).^[64] The most ancient city's Lyceum, the Classical Lyceum "Giulio Cesare", founded in 1800, was attended by Giovanni Pascoli and Federico Fellini.^[65]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Rimini is an important road and railway junction, thanks to its position at the intersection between the Adriatic coastal routes and the

Republic of San Marino

.

Roads

The Adriatic motorway (A14) connects Rimini to

Padova

.

The Rimini–San Marino Highway (SS 72) connects the Adriatic Riviera to the capital of the

Republic of San Marino

, entering the Sammarinese territory after the State limit at Dogana.

Via Marecchiese (SP 258), leading to

Apennines at Viamaggio Pass and links Rimini to its hinterland, Tuscany and the Tiber Valley. Roads of local importance are the provincial roads to Coriano (SP 31), Montescudo

(SP 41) and Santa Cristina (SP 69).

• 

  The A14 Adriatic Motorway

• 

  Rimini Station

• 

  Federico Fellini International Airport

Railways

Rimini is a major junction of the regional railway network and it is one of the main stations of the Adriatic railway. Rimini Station is a junction of the railroad lines Bologna-Ancona and Ferrara-Ravenna-Rimini, and trains of all categories stop there, including

Castelbolognese, Ancona and Ravenna

.

Rimini also has four minor

railway stations

: Miramare, Viserba, Torre Pedrera, served by regional services, and Rimini Fiera, periodically served by regional and intercity services in conjunction with the main trade fairs.

Airways

The city is served by the Federico Fellini International Airport, at Miramare, the second largest airport in Emilia-Romagna by passenger traffic. It has regular links to national and international hubs, low cost, charter and seasonal flights.

The closest major international airports are

Milan-Malpensa

.

Urban transport

The network of urban transport, operated by START Romagna, includes 13 urban bus lines, nine suburban bus lines, as well as two lines connecting Rimini city centre with the nearby seaside resort of Riccione: a trolleybus line and since November 2019, the Metromare bus rapid transit line.^[68]

Utilities

Rimini is served by the wastewater treatment plant of Rimini-Santa Giustina. To prevent most of the temporary sea bathing prohibitions occurring when

sewage system, which is expected to be completed in 2024.^[69]

The works done between 2013 and 2020 made it possible to eliminate nearly all temporary sea bathing prohibitions in Marina Centro, Viserba, in the southern parts of Viserbella and in the northern parts of both Rivabella and Torre Pedrera, in addition to coastal areas that were already not affected, such as northern Marina Centro, southern Bellariva, Marebello, northern Rivazzurra and central Torre Pedrera.

Waste management is operated by the multi-utility company Hera Group. Waste sorting attained 71,8% in 2020.^[70]

Sports

A basketball game at 105 Stadium Arena

The main football team of the city is

Rimini Calcio. It played for nine years (between 1976 and 2009) in Serie B, the second-highest division in the Italian football league system. Its better positioning was the fifth place of the 2006–07 season (when Rimini was also undefeated in both games against Juventus

).

Rimini has also a notable basketball team, the

Basket Rimini Crabs, which played for several years in Serie A and two times in the European Korać Cup. About baseball, Rimini Baseball Club

won 12 national championships and it was also European champion three times.

Rimini is the site of the annual

Beach Ultimate

tournaments.

Notable natives of Rimini and environs

Federico Fellini

received five Oscars.

• Ancient Bards (founded 2006), symphonic metal band
• Enea Bastianini (born 1997), motorcycle racer
• Marco Battagli (died 1370/76), historian
• Samuele Bersani (born 1970), singer-songwriter
• Marco Bezzecchi (born 1998), motorcycle racer
• Pier Paolo Bianchi (born 1952), Grand Prix motorcycle road racer
• Rosetta Boninsegna (1926–1972), painter
• Matteo Brighi (born 1981), football player
• Claudio Maria Celli (born 1941), titular archbishop
• Gregorio Celli (1225–1343), Roman Catholic priest, professed member of the Order of Saint Augustine, beatified by Pope Clement XIV on 6 September 1769
• Roberto Paci Dalò (born 1962), composer, director and visual artist
• Patrizia Deitos (born 1975), supermodel and singer
• Victoria de Stefano (1940–2023), novelist, essayist, philosopher and educator
• Mattia Drudi (born 1998), racing driver
• Federico Fellini (1920–1993), film director
• Alberto Marvelli (1918–1946), engineer, president of Azione Cattolica
• Carlotta Montanari (born 1981), actress and former TV host
• Carlton Myers (born 1971), basketball player
• Elio Pagliarani (1927–2012), poet and literary critic
• Mattia Pasini (born 1985), motorcycle racer
• Renzo Pasolini (1938–1973), Grand Prix motorcycle road racer
• Alessandra Perilli (born 1988), shooter and first Olympic medalist for San Marino
• Hugo Pratt (1927–1995), comic book creator
• Giuliano da Rimini (c. 1307 – c. 1324), painter
• Michael Ruben Rinaldi (born 1995), motorcycle racer
• Delio Rossi (born 1960), football manager
• Loris Stecca (born 1960), former world champion boxer
• Siegfried Stohr (born 1952), racing driver
• Massimo Tamburini (1943–2014), motorcycle designer
• Giovanni Urbinati (born 1946), ceramist and sculptor
• Roberto Valturio (1405–1475), engineer and writer
• Renato Zangheri (1925–2015), mayor of the city of Bologna from 1970 to 1983, historical and Italian scholar

Twin towns — sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy

Rimini's twin towns and sister cities

Rimini is

twinned with:^[71]

• Fort Lauderdale, United States
• Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France
• Seraing, Belgium
• Sochi, Russia
• Yangzhou, China
• Ziguinchor, Senegal

See also

• Roman Catholic Diocese of Rimini
• Battle of Rimini (1944)
• The Grand Hotel Rimini
• Rimini Calcio Football Club
• Rimini Lighthouse

Bibliography

See also: Bibliography of the history of Rimini

• Graziosi Ripa, Anna (1980). Per la storia del Museo Archeologico riminese, in: Analisi di Rimini antica. Storia e archeologia per un museo. Rimini: Comune di Rimini.

References

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6. ^ PSC Comune di Rimini, Quadro Conoscitivo, Sistema Ambientale. Geologia, p. 15.
7. ^ Emilia-Romagna, Milano, Touring Club Italiano, 1999, p. 27
8. ^ Pietro Zangheri, Repertorio sistematico e topografico della flora e fauna vivente e fossile della Romagna, Tomo V, Museo civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Verona, 1966–1970, p. 2052.
9. ^ Giorgio Conti and Pier Giorgio Pasini, Rimini Città come Storia 2, Rimini, Giusti, 2000, p. 283.
10. ^ ^{a b} Giorgio Conti and Pier Giorgio Pasini, Rimini Città come Storia, Rimini, Giusti, 1982, p. 215.
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26. ^ Ferruccio Farina, L'estate della grafica. Manifesti e pubblicità della Riviera di Romagna 1893–1943, Rimini, Silvana Editoriale, Cinisello Balsamo, 1988, pp. 58-60.
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36. ^ Pier Giorgio Pasini, Musei nella Provincia di Rimini, Rimini, Provincia di Rimini, 2006, p. 61.
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Sources and external links

• Province of Rimini
• Rimini Comune (Town Council)
• Official Tourist Information site of Rimini (Town Council)
• Rimini
• Rimini Travel Guide in Dutch