Rio de Janeiro bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics
Carlos Arthur Nuzman | |
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NOC | Brazilian Olympic Committee |
Evaluation | |
IOC score | 6.4 |
Previous Games hosted | |
None • Bid for 1936, 2004 and 2012 | |
Decision | |
Result | Winner (66 votes) |
Part of a series on |
2016 Summer Olympics |
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Part of a series on |
2016 Summer Paralympics |
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Rio 2016 was a successful bid to host the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and the XV Paralympic Games, respectively.
Rio de Janeiro was shortlisted receiving a 6.4 score, according to a study of its Application File delivered to the IOC Working Group on January 14, 2008.[5] As a Candidate city, Rio de Janeiro submitted its Candidature File to the IOC on February 11, 2009.[6] The dossier was analyzed by the IOC Evaluation Commission, which arrived in the city on April 27, 2009, to assess the quality of the bid.[7] Between April 29 and May 2, the Commission attended technical presentations and made inspections in all the existing venues across the city, giving a favorable assessment in its final report.[8]
The
Rio de Janeiro planned to organize the Games at a cost of US$14.4 billion, being able to hold all sport events (excepting
Bid process
The
Rio de Janeiro bid to host the
Throughout the campaign, the Rio de Janeiro bid committee introduced its plans to the General Assemblies of all
Evaluation
Rio de Janeiro was primarily evaluated during the Applicant phase, accurately on March 14, 2008, when the IOC Working Group released its report after four days of meetings, giving a
The IOC Evaluation Commission arrived in Rio de Janeiro on April 27, 2009, to assess the quality of the bid, stating that the welcoming activities prepared by the city had been the best.[59] Unlike the first evaluation, the committee did not assign scores, but analyzed the probability of execution of the plans.[60] During the first two days of the visit, the Evaluation Commission held internal meetings at Copacabana Palace, the host hotel.[61] Between April 29 and 30, the Commission attended technical presentations in a large ballroom equipped with lighting and multi-media resources, where it participated in question-and-answer sessions about each of the seventeen themes presented in the Candidature File.[62] May Day was marked by the inspectors' visits to all existing venues across the city.[63] On May 2, 2009, the Evaluation Commission made a press conference to highlight the main points of the visit.[64] According to El Moutawakel, the Commission was very impressed with the unity of government support, the quality of the presentations and the level of integration of the Games in the country's long-term development plan.[65] After seven days of inspections involving 300 professionals, the thirteen members of the IOC Evaluation Commission left Rio de Janeiro on May 3, 2009, on the way to Madrid.[61] One month before the election, on September 2, 2009, Rio officials welcomed the released of the 2016 Evaluation Commission Report.[66] It gave a very positive assessment to the city and described the documents submitted by Rio de Janeiro as "of a very high quality".[60][67]
Criteria | Weight | Grade[α] | Feasibility | |||||||||||
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Min | Max | Planned | Min | Max | ||||||||||
Accommodation | 5 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 3–5 star rooms | 0.7 | 0.9 | ||||||||
Accommodation concept (20%) | 5.0 | 7.0 | Media villages | 0.7 | 0.8 | |||||||||
Number of rooms (80%) | Other rooms | 0.6 | 0.9 | |||||||||||
Environmental conditions and impact | 2 | 5.6 | 7.6 | 0.80 | ||||||||||
Current environmental conditions (40%) | 5.0 | 7.0 | 0.85 | |||||||||||
Environmental impact (60%) | 6.0 | 8.0 | 0.85 | |||||||||||
Experience from past sports events | 2 | 6.6 | 7.9 | |||||||||||
Number of major international events organized (60%) | 7.0 | 8.5 | Categories[β] | |||||||||||
Quality of the events (40%) | 6.0 | 7.0 | Commercial revenue | |||||||||||
Finance | 3 | 6.0 | 7.7 | Commercial revenue projection of USD 750 million considered feasible. Brazil listed at A4 by COFACE Country Risk Rating out of seven risk levels (A1, A2, A3, A4, B, C and D, in order of increasing risk). | ||||||||||
General infrastructure | 5 | 5.3 | 7.2 | |||||||||||
Airport (5%) | 5.0 | 7.5 | ||||||||||||
International Broadcast Center–Main Press Center (15%) | 6.0 | 8.0 | ||||||||||||
Transport infrastructure (85%) | Existing | 5.0 | 7.0 | Telecommunications | ||||||||||
Planned and additional | 7.0 | 9.0 | Brazil appear to offer a satisfactory level of development with modernisation plans underway that would support the 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, according to an IDATE Report. | |||||||||||
Government support, legal issues and public opinion | 3 | 7.3 | 8.8 | |||||||||||
Government support & commitment (70%) | 7.0 | 9.0 | ||||||||||||
Olympic Charter, legal aspects and anti-doping measures (15%) | 8.0 | 9.0 | ||||||||||||
Public opinion (15%) | 7.7 | |||||||||||||
Olympic Village | 3 | 6.0 | 7.7 | Glossary | ||||||||||
Concept (40%) | 6.0 | 8.0 |
| |||||||||||
Legacy (20%) | 8.0 | 9.0 | ||||||||||||
Location (40%) | 6.0 | 8.0 | ||||||||||||
Overall project and legacy | 3 | 5.5 | 8.0 | |||||||||||
Safety and security | 3 | 4.5 | 7.0 | |||||||||||
Sports venues | 4 | 5.8 | 7.4 | |||||||||||
Existing venues (35%) | 5.0 | 7.0 | ||||||||||||
Olympic Games sports concept & legacy (30%) | 6.0 | 8.0 | ||||||||||||
Planned and additional venues (35%) | 6.5 | 8.0 | Notes | |||||||||||
Transport concept | 3 | 5.5 | 7.5 |
α The IOC Working Group set the benchmark at 6 as the minimum required grade. | ||||||||||
Distances and travel times (50%) | 5.0 | 7.0 | ||||||||||||
Transport organisation and traffic management at Games-time (50%) | 6.0 | 8.0 | ||||||||||||
Total average | 6.4 |
Election
The election of the host city took place at
After the presentation, the session was opened for questions.
Bid concept
According to the Rio de Janeiro bid committee, the bid's concept was based on four principles—technical excellence, experience of a lifetime, transformation, and supporting the
The visual identity of the candidature consisted of a logo and a slogan, which were applied in marketing moves during the campaign.
Rio de Janeiro previously hosted major sporting, business and cultural events.[101][102] On the sporting front, these events included World Cups and World Championships in many Olympic sports, as well as regional championships.[103] From July 13 to July 29, 2007, the city successfully staged the 15th and largest ever edition of the Pan American Games (over 5,650 athletes competing in 34 sports) and the accompanying Parapan American Games (over 1,150 athletes competing in 10 sports).[104][105] Rio de Janeiro hosted the 1950 FIFA World Cup and recently hosted the 2014 FIFA World Cup, just two years before the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games, which includes upgrades to security, telecommunications and tourism infrastructure.[106] The 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup will also be organised by Brazil and used as a test event for the 2014 FIFA World Cup.[101] The proposed competition schedule spreads medals across the entire program with two peaks at the weekends, being similar to the 2008 Summer Olympics program.[16] The period proposed by the Rio de Janeiro bid committee to stage the 2016 Summer Olympics is from Friday, August 5, to Sunday, August 21, 2016.[83] It is also proposed that the 2016 Summer Paralympics begin on the Independence Day of Brazil, Wednesday, September 7, and last until Sunday, September 18.[107]
Politics
The Rio de Janeiro bid committee was an incorporated non-profit entity under the leadership of an Honorary Council and an Executive Board, both chaired by Carlos Arthur Nuzman.
Rio de Janeiro had full political backing from the three levels of the
Controversies
The IOC's decision to shortlist Rio de Janeiro over Doha generated criticism, as the
Ahead of the election, the Rio de Janeiro bid committee lodged an official complaint against Madrid with the IOC Ethics Commission about comments made on September 30, 2009, by
Bid project
Rio de Janeiro proposed to hold all sporting events within the city limits—apart from the football (
Rio de Janeiro's competition venues meet the
Rio de Janeiro will build the Summer Paralympics, upon the experience of hosting the III Parapan American Games—considered "the best ever" by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and the Americas Paralympic Committee (APC)—as well as many other international competitions for athletes with disabilities.[105][107][152] For this purpose, the organizing committee will include representatives of the Brazilian Paralympic Committee (BPC) and create a specific department responsible for supervising the Games.[107][153] Another element that will bring the Paralympics up to par with their Olympic counterpart is the reuse of twenty Olympic competition venues for the equivalent Paralympic sports.[154] Promotion of accessibility-friendly measures by the hospitality and tourism industries will also be encouraged and recognized by the government.[155]
Venues of the Rio de Janeiro bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics | |||||||||
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New competition venues | |||||||||
Venue | Sports | Capacity | Cost (USD thousand) | ||||||
Youth Arena | D | Fencing, Basketball (elimination rounds) | 5,000 | 46,096 | |||||
Olympic Aquatics Stadium | D | Swimming and Waterpolo | 18,000 | 54,564 | |||||
Olympic BMX Centre | D | Cycling (BMX) | 7,500 | 12,289 | |||||
Olympic Tennis Centre | D | Tennis | 18,250 | 62,808 | |||||
Olympic Training Center – Hall 1 | D | Basketball | 16,000 | 56,768 | |||||
Olympic Training Center – Hall 2 | D | Judo and Taekwondo | 10,000 | 56,998 | |||||
Olympic Training Center – Hall 3 | D | Wrestling | 10,000 | 56,694 | |||||
Deodoro Olympic Whitewater Stadium | D | Canoe/Kayak (slalom) | 8,000 | 30,979 | |||||
Rio Olympic Velodrome | D | Cycling (track) | 5,000 | 39,707 | |||||
Existing competition venues | |||||||||
Venue | Sports | Capacity | Cost (USD thousand) | ||||||
João Havelange Stadium | B | Athletics (track and field) | 60,000 | 52,478 | |||||
Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon | B | Rowing and Canoe/Kayak (sprint) | 14,000 | 20,591 | |||||
Maracanã Stadium | A | Football | 90,000 | 5,572 | |||||
Maracanãzinho Arena | A | Volleyball | 12,000 | 2,737 | |||||
Maria Lenk Aquatics Center
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B | Diving, Synchronized swimming, Waterpolo | 6,500 | 14,844 | |||||
Marina da Glória | B | Sailing | 10,000 | 22,084 | |||||
National Equestrian Center | B | Equestrian
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14,000 | 20,343 | |||||
National Shooting Center | B | Shooting | 6,850 | 7,596 | |||||
Olympic Hockey Centre | B | Field hockey | 15,000 | 12,351 | |||||
Rio Olympic Arena (HSBC Arena)
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A | Gymnastics | 12,000 | 4,094 | |||||
Riocentro – Pavilion 2 | A | Boxing | 9,000 | 4,848 | |||||
Riocentro – Pavilion 3 | A | Table tennis | 7,000 | 6,469 | |||||
Riocentro – Pavilion 4 | A | Badminton | 6,500 | 6,354 | |||||
Sambódromo | B | Archery and Athletics (marathon) | 36,000 | 22,731 | |||||
Temporary competition venues | |||||||||
Venue | Sports | Capacity | Cost (USD thousand) | ||||||
Copacabana Stadium | C | Beach volleyball | 12,000 | 10,782 | |||||
Deodoro Stadium | C | Modern pentathlon Rugby | 20,000 | 10,362 | |||||
Fort Copacabana | C | Marathon swimming, Cycling (road), Triathlon | 5,000 | 9,735 | |||||
Mountain Bike Centre | C | Cycling (mountain bike) | 5,000 | 8,409 | |||||
OTC – Future Arena | C | Handball | 12,000 | 58,269 | |||||
Pontal | C | Athletics (race walk) and Cycling (time trial) | 5,000 | 8,827 | |||||
Riocentro – Pavilion 6 | C | Weightlifting | 6,500 | 17,980 | |||||
Competition venues outside Rio de Janeiro | |||||||||
Venue | Sports | Location | Capacity | Cost (USD thousand) | |||||
Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova
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A | Football | Salvador (BA) | 60,000 | 3,726 | ||||
Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha | A | Football | Brasília (DF) | 76,000 | 3,726 | ||||
Mineirão Stadium | A | Football | Belo Horizonte (MG) | 74,000 | 3,726 | ||||
Arena Corinthians | A | Football | São Paulo (SP) | 48,000 | 3,726 | ||||
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Infrastructure
Rio de Janeiro's infrastructure, systems, management structures and staff readiness will be tested during the 2014 FIFA World Cup and during dedicated test events for the transport network in 2015.
Finance
The three levels of Brazilian government assured the free provision of a range of services to the bid, including security, medical services, customs, transport, immigration, and other governmental services and support.[170] Rio de Janeiro also approved funding of US$240 billion from the Program for Growth Acceleration (PAC) of the federal government.[170][171] Other revenue-generating activities include sponsorship sales, ticketing program, licensing and merchandising.[172] These revenues will be supplemented by IOC-secured commercial and broadcast contributions.[170][172] Capital expenditure on infrastructure by the government or the private sector includes already committed and ongoing investments of US$3.9 billion on projects such as airport and subway expansions and construction of the metropolitan road arc.[170][173] The OCOG budget does not assume any capital contributions to the construction of permanent or legacy venues, other than for Games overlay, including the construction of temporary venues.[170][174] The balance of OCOG expenditures will be funded by the public sector, involving a combination of government commitments from Federal, State and Municipal levels.[172][175] The OCOG budget and operating expenses are projected at US$2.8 billion, with its Olympic-related budget, including capital investments in transportation, sports venues and incremental costs being US$11.6 billion.[170][176] The government submitted guarantees to cover any potential shortfall.[177] The bid expenses for both Applicant and Candidature phases were of R$85,792 million, as released during the official closing of the campaign on November 11, 2009.[172][178]
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External links
- Official website. Rio de Janeiro bid committee (current Organizing Committee). Archived from the original on 2009-11-28.
- Official website. Brazilian Olympic Committee (BOC). Archived from the original on 2010-02-12.
- Official website. Brazilian Paralympic Committee (BPC).
- Official website. International Olympic Committee (IOC).
- Official website. International Paralympic Committee (IPC).
- Official website. 121st IOC Session and 13th Olympic Congress. Archived from the original on 2010-04-09.
- Official videos
- Elections for the 2016 Games (VOD). (IOC). October 2, 2009.
- YouTube.
- YouTube.
- YouTube.
- YouTube.
- Official documents
- Candidature Acceptance Procedure (PDF). (IOC). May 16, 2007.
- Application File for Rio de Janeiro (PDF). (BOC). January 14, 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 27, 2009.
- Working Group Report (PDF). (IOC). March 14, 2008.
- Candidature Procedure and Questionnaire (PDF). (IOC). June 4, 2008.
- Executive Summary for Rio de Janeiro (PDF). (BOC). February 12, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 14, 2009.
- Candidature File for Rio de Janeiro (PDF). Vol. 1. (BOC). February 12, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 20, 2009.
- Candidature File for Rio de Janeiro (PDF). Vol. 2. (BOC). February 12, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 23, 2013.
- Candidature File for Rio de Janeiro (PDF). Vol. 3. (BOC). February 12, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 20, 2009.
- Report of the Evaluation Commission (PDF). (IOC). September 2, 2009.