Inland Empire
Inland Empire | |
---|---|
Coachella Festival in Indio | |
Country | United States |
State | California
|
Counties |
|
Ten largest cities by population (2010 U.S. Census) |
|
Area | |
• Metro | 27,298 sq mi (70,669 km2) |
Elevation | −220 – 11,499 ft (−67.1 – 3,507 m) |
Population (2020) 2nd) | |
GDP | |
• MSA | $237.9 billion (2022) |
Time zone | UTC−08:00 (PST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−07:00 (PDT) |
The Inland Empire (commonly abbreviated as the IE) is a metropolitan area or region inland of and adjacent to coastal Southern California, centering around the cities of San Bernardino and Riverside, and bordering Los Angeles County to the east. The bulk of the population is centered in the cities of northwestern Riverside County and southwestern San Bernardino County, and is sometimes considered to include the desert communities of the Coachella and Victor Valleys, respectively on the other sides of the San Gorgonio Pass and San Bernardino Mountains from the Santa Ana River watershed that forms the bulk of the Inland Empire; a much broader definition includes all of Riverside and San Bernardino counties.[4] The combined land area of the counties of the Inland Empire is larger than ten U.S. states—West Virginia, Maryland, Hawaii, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Connecticut, Delaware and Rhode Island.
The
Etymology
The term "Inland Empire" is documented to have been used by the Riverside Enterprise newspaper (now
History
What is now known as the Inland Empire was inhabited for thousands of years, prior to the late 18th century, by the
The entire landmass of
The arrival of rail and the importation of
The region experienced significant economic and population growth through most of the latter half of the 20th century. In the early 1990s, the loss of the region's military bases and reduction of nearby defense industries due to the end of the Cold War led to a local economic downturn.[13][14] The region as a whole had partially recovered from this downturn by the start of the 21st century through the development of warehousing, shipping, logistics and retail industries, primarily centered around Ontario.[15] During the 2008 Recession, industry suffered heavily but had begun to recover by 2010.[16][17]
Geography
Physical geography
Physical boundaries between Los Angeles and the Inland Empire from west to east are the San Jose Hills splitting the San Gabriel Valley from the Pomona Valley, leading to the urban populations centered in the San Bernardino Valley.[18] From the south to north, the Santa Ana Mountains physically divide Orange County from Riverside County. The Santa Rosa Mountains, as well as the Southern California portion of the Sonoran Desert, physically divide Riverside County from San Diego County.[19]
Elevations range from 11,499 ft (3,505 m) at the top of the
Political geography
Unlike most metropolitan areas that have grown up around a central city, the Inland Empire has no one main focus city. Major cities in the region include
The Inland Empire has also been referred to as the
The
The RPA definition includes the Inland Empire (
Boundaries and definitions
There is no universally accepted definition for the boundaries of the Inland Empire region. Some sources such as the
Some residents of certain areas, such as
Other sources, including
Economy
This section needs to be updated.(October 2020) |
Inexpensive land prices (compared with Los Angeles and Orange counties), a large supply of vacant land, and a
Like most industrial areas, the Inland Empire is vulnerable to the effects of economic recessions. For example, during the global economic downturn of 2008–2009, industrial vacancies doubled from 6.2 percent in 2007 to 12.4 percent to 2008. In San Bernardino and Redlands, vacancies reached 22 percent.[37]
The Inland Empire area is one of the least educated areas of the state with the lowest average in annual wages in the country.[38] A 2006 study of salaries in 51 metropolitan areas of the country ranked the Inland Empire second to last, with an average annual wage of $36,924.[38] Nonetheless, inexpensive land prices and innovative institutional support networks have attracted some small businesses and technology startups into the area.[16]
While urbanization continues to cut into agricultural lands, the Inland Empire still produces substantial crops. Although 10,000 acres (40 km2) of irrigated land was lost between 2002 and 2004, agriculture still brought in more than $1.6 billion in revenues to the two-county region in 2006.[11]
Being a MSA, aggregate GDP figures are reported by the
The unemployment rate in the Inland Empire has been consistently over the national average since 2007. 10.4 percent of Inland residents were unemployed as of August 2013, compared with the national rate of 7.3 percent. Due to the high unemployment and housing foreclosure rates, a higher percentage of Inland residents rely on public assistance. According to the Press-Enterprise, "twelve percent of Riverside County and 17 percent of San Bernardino County residents used food stamps in January 2012", as compared with "11 percent of those living in Los Angeles County, 8 percent of San Diego County residents and 7 percent of Orange County residents".[40]
Housing
Since the 1950s, the area has changed from a rural to a suburban environment. The region now comprises numerous cities known as
During the housing bubble collapse of the late 2000s, foreclosures rose by 3,500 percent.[44] In 2010, the area ranked fourth in the nation in the number of foreclosures, with one filing for every 133 households.[45] The problem of abandoned homes became so great that the city of Perris initiated a program to paint the brown lawns of abandoned homes green as a way to reduce the appearance of blight.[46]
In 2019, the "bedroom community" nature of the Inland Empire led to a plan to increase the construction of new housing in coastal cities (known as "job centers") preferentially versus building more housing in the Inland Empire areas. Meghan Sahli-Wells, mayor of Culver City, said that she supported the coastal plan because of the urgent nature of climate change. However, the plan was described as "toothless".[47]
The attractiveness of Inland Empire cities for warehousing and logistics has resulted in warehouses being built incrementally closer and closer to residential areas. With air pollution from diesel-powered transport trucks being a serious and cumulative concern for human health, an effort was made to impose a 1,000-foot buffer zone (separation distance between residential and commercial land uses) for new construction. However, this effort was not successful, due to local municipal officials giving priority to maximizing the construction of both housing and warehouse facilities, with the goal of maximizing employment as well as property-tax revenue from both the residential and the commercial/industrial sectors.[48]
Retail
Retailing in the area has increased to try to keep abreast with the growing suburban population. The region is home to several large shopping malls, including the Promenade Shops at Dos Lagos and the Crossings in
Environmental quality
The result of this ongoing development has resulted in greater homeownership for the region. Although the region saw an uptick in jobs over the past decade, it is not a heavy employment center, and many residents commute to Los Angeles and Orange counties for their work. With a lack of substantial public transportation in the Greater Los Angeles Area, this has led to
Air pollution
The Inland Empire routinely has some of the worst air quality in the United States. San Bernardino County and Riverside County are the first and second worst counties in the United States for tropospheric ozone air pollution.[52] Pollution in Southern California mostly is blown from the coast towards the mountains. Inland Empire counties are downwind of the highly populated counties of Los Angeles and Orange County. The largest sources of air pollution affecting the Inland Empire include off-road equipment (e.g., construction equipment, cargo-handling equipment), heavy-duty diesel trucks, ocean-going vessels, passenger vehicles, locomotives, aircraft, and industrial fuel combustion.[53] Southern California is in extreme nonattainment for ozone and severe nonattainment for particle pollution.
Multiple state and local efforts are underway to clean up the air, primarily focused on zero emissions vehicles. California has implemented some of the most aggressive vehicle electrification rules in the country, including the Advanced Clean Cars II rule that will mandate 100% zero-emission passenger vehicle sales in 2035, [54] and the Advanced Clean Fleets rule for trucks that will require all drayage trucks to be zero-emissions starting in 2024 and all trucks to ZEV by 2036. [55]
Water pollution
Water pollution has also been found in the Santa Ana River and Cajon wash, and pollutants from the March Air Reserve Base and Stringfellow Acid Pits have contaminated groundwater in parts of Riverside County.[19] In 1997, perchlorate, a chemical used to produce explosives, was discovered to be seeping into the groundwater under Rialto in a plume that continues to grow. In 2007, the Rialto city council petitioned the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for Superfund status to clean up the origin site. The sites comprising March Air Reserve Base, Norton Air Force Base and the Stringfellow Acid Pits have already been classified as EPA Superfund toxic waste sites.[56]
Transportation
According to a 1999 report by the Surface Transportation Policy Project, the Inland Empire leads in fatal crashes caused by road rage.[58][59] The theft of copper, brass and other metals from highway and road fixtures has also led to decreased public safety on IE roads and freeways.[60] Gas siphoning has also been noted as a problem for vehicles left unattended in the region.[61]
Public transportation
The Inland Empire does not have a particularly extensive or robust
Although transit usage and infrastructure remains weak, several projects have moved forward and opened in the 2010s to improve transit accessibility in the region. Major projects include the Perris Valley portion of the Metrolink 91/Perris Valley Line, the San Bernardino Transit Center, and the Omnitrans
Due to the physical size of the Inland Empire, transit connections between the nodes of the region are primarily served by freeway express services. Transit operators of the IE provide service between major destinations and transit centers around Southern California including the San Bernardino Transit Center, the Montclair Transcenter, Disneyland, Pomona–Downtown station, and Oceanside.
The region is also part of the five-county Southern California Regional Rail Authority (SCRRA) "Metrolink" commuter rail system. Of the seven lines that Metrolink operates, four of them directly serve the Inland Empire:
- San Bernardino Line: provides daily service from San Bernardino to Los Angeles (busiest route of the system)
- 91/Perris Valley Line: provides weekday service from Perris to Los Angeles and weekend service between Riverside and Los Angeles
- Riverside Line: provides weekday commuter service from downtown Riverside to Los Angeles
- Inland Empire-Orange County Line: provides daily service from San Bernardino to Oceanside in San Diego County
Future projects
Although a robust transit network has been lacking in the region for decades, steps are being made toward developing one in the future. The councils of governments and transportation commissions in both IE counties have identified and are working on future expansions of transit to better serve the region. These include the sbX West Valley Connector,[65][66] Arrow, the extension of the L Line to Montclair (to become part of the A Line), and daily train service to the Coachella Valley.[67] Additional routes have also been studied including extending the Metrolink's Perris Valley Line to San Jacinto and Temecula,[68] a passenger rail spur along I-15 to Lake Elsinore,[69] BRT routes throughout the respective service areas of Omnitrans and RTA,[70] and an aerial tram from Highland to Big Bear.[71]
The Inland Empire is the chosen route for connecting California High-Speed Rail service to San Diego. While a final alignment has yet to be finalized, concepts include stops at the Ontario International Airport, in Riverside, San Bernardino, Corona, and Temecula or Murrieta. These would occur as part of Phase II, however, which currently remains unfunded.[72][73][74]
Airports
Several airports are located in the Inland Empire.
Airport | IATA code | ICAO code | County |
---|---|---|---|
Ontario International Airport | ONT | KONT | San Bernardino |
Palm Springs International Airport | PSP | KPSP | Riverside |
San Bernardino International Airport | SBD | KSBD | San Bernardino |
Active transportation
The region is making some progress in developing dedicated bicycle commuter and recreation trails. The largest of these, the
Demographics
The majority of Inland Empire’s immigrants come from Mexico, the Philippines, El Salvador, Vietnam and Guatemala.[77]
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 45,826 | — | |
1910 | 91,402 | 99.5% | |
1920 | 123,698 | 35.3% | |
1930 | 214,924 | 73.7% | |
1940 | 266,632 | 24.1% | |
1950 | 451,688 | 69.4% | |
1960 | 809,782 | 79.3% | |
1970 | 1,143,146 | 41.2% | |
1980 | 1,558,182 | 36.3% | |
1990 | 2,588,793 | 66.1% | |
2000 | 3,254,821 | 25.7% | |
2010 | 4,224,851 | 29.8% | |
2020 | 4,599,839 | 8.9% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[78] 1790–1960[79] 1900–1990[80] 1990–2000[81] |
The population of the
There is a large Mexican community in Inland Empire. Filipinos are the largest Asian immigrant group in Inland Empire.[83]
The
A substantial majority of residents (76.6 percent), last comparatively surveyed in 2001, rated their respective counties as good places to live. Over 81 percent of Riverside County residents indicated that their county is a very good or fairly good place to live, while about 72 percent of residents in San Bernardino County felt the same way. Survey respondents cited "nice living area", "good climate", and "affordable housing" as the top positive factors in assessing their respective communities. Smog was by far the most important negative factor affecting respondents' ratings in both counties, while traffic was the second highest concern in Riverside County and crime the second highest concern among San Bernardino County residents.[85]
Politics
While the region as a whole had traditionally leaned more Republican than the rest of California, newer[when?] residents are less likely to identify with the Republican party than longer-term residents (36 percent to 42 percent), and the total number of residents identifying with the Democrats (34 percent) slightly edged over the number identifying with the Republican party (33 percent).
In the
Religion
This section needs additional citations for verification. (August 2012) |
Many faiths and denominations are found and represented in the area. The Roman Catholic parishes in the region belong to the church's Diocese of San Bernardino.[87]
The Inland Empire has a
There are also some fast-growing Muslim communities with around 30,000 American Muslims in 2019, mostly concentrated around the UCR campus in Riverside, Irvine and central Corona. All locations have well-established Islamic Centers gathering faith members for weekly Juma prayers as well as other Islamic holidays.
Crime
While the
Latino gangs have been active in the region since the area's citrus days while a continual migration of numerous African American gangs from the inner city of South LA have flowed into the region since the
The region has also been noted as a center of methamphetamine drug production.[99] The Riverside and San Bernardino county sheriffs' departments busted 635 meth labs in 2000; law enforcement has driven most of the meth production industry to Mexico since 2007, but many of the homes discovered to have been used as meth labs before 2006 have since been sold on the market before California law required rigorous decontamination, leading to a legacy of health hazards for unsuspecting renters and home-buyers in the area.[100]
In 2016 federal crime statistics stated that San Bernardino was ranked the most dangerous city in California.[101]
Education
This section needs to be updated.(April 2021) |
There is a trend of lower educational attainment in the IE, which starts early. Only 37 percent of 3- and 4-year-olds in the region are enrolled in
Of Inland Empire residents 25 years and over in 2004, 44.4 percent of Asians had bachelor's or higher degrees, and nearly 70 percent had at least attended college. 21.3 percent of Blacks had a bachelor's degree or higher, and 65.2 percent had either a community degree or had attended college. 22.8 percent of Whites had a bachelor's degree or higher, and 60.8 percent had attended college. Of Hispanics, 6.9 percent had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 30.2 percent attended college.[105]
Among students transferring from Inland community colleges to private schools in 2004–05, the most frequent choice was the University of Phoenix.[106]
Employment
While the Inland Empire led the state in job-growth with 275,000 new jobs between 1990 and 2000, most are in comparatively low-tech fields. San Bernardino and Riverside counties are primarily host to
In 2007, the region had an unemployment rate of 6.1%, while overall jobless claims in California were at 5.4% and 4.4% nationally.[108] In 2008, unemployment in the area increased to 9.5%, at a time when the state average was 8.2% and the national average approximately 6.5%.[109] Unemployment reached an all-time high of 15% in 2010, second in the nation only to Detroit among metropolitan areas with populations over 1 million.[110]
County | 2016 estimate | 2010 census | Change | Area | Density |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Riverside County, California | 2,387,741 | 2,189,641 | +9.05% | 7,206.47 sq mi (18,664.7 km2) | 331/sq mi (128/km2) |
San Bernardino County, California | 2,140,096 | 2,035,210 | +5.15% | 20,056.92 sq mi (51,947.2 km2) | 107/sq mi (41/km2) |
Total | 4,527,837 | 4,224,851 | +7.17% | 27,263.39 sq mi (70,611.9 km2) | 166/sq mi (64/km2) |
Culture
The Inland Empire sits adjacent to the
Music
Established bands from the IE include
Frank Zappa performed in Upland on Foothill Boulevard during the early 1960s where he played shows on a makeshift stage for college crowds. Zappa also purchased Pal Recording Studio on Archibald Avenue in Rancho Cucamonga where the Surfaris had recorded the surf music classic "Wipe Out". He dubbed it Studio Z and began making recordings that eventually led to the founding of Zappa's group The Mothers of Invention. Until his death in December 2012, singer Ray Collins of the Mothers of Invention lived in the area. Zappa mentions the Inland Empire in the song "Billy the Mountain".
From the late 80s until the late 90s, many up-and-coming musical acts, such as Rage Against the Machine, Blink-182 and No Doubt cut their teeth playing venues in Riverside.[114] These historic venues (Spanky's Cafe and the De Anza Theatre) have since been closed and converted to other purposes. The Barn at UCR was closed as a music venue for 10 years but beginning in October 2008 KUCR Radio 88.3 FM, ASPB The Associated Student Program Board with funding from UCR Housing began having a free concert series once a week during the school quarter. Emerging music venues in the IE include the Showcase Theatre in Corona (recently closed), Red Planet Records in Riverside (now Rathole Records), the Vault in Redlands, the Buffalo Inn and The Wire (now closed) in Upland, the Twins Club in Rancho Cucamonga, the Press Restaurant in Claremont, the Glass House in Pomona, Back To The Grind Coffee Shop in Riverside, Liam's Irish Pub in Colton, and CommonGround Soundstage in Riverside.[115]
Performing arts
Orchestras in the IE include the Redlands Symphony, which performs at the
Sports
The Inland Empire is the largest metropolitan area in the United States without a major professional sports team. However, it is part of the Greater Los Angeles area which includes teams in Los Angeles and Orange counties. The area is home to numerous minor league baseball, basketball, and ice hockey teams. The Inland Empire team with the most championships is the Inland Empire 66ers of San Bernardino, who won their most recent championship in 2013.[117][118]
The Auto Club Speedway, located in Fontana, opened in 1997. It contains an oval, a road course, and a dragstrip for auto racing. The Speedway is located approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) from the former Ontario Motor Speedway site, the latter of which is currently the site of the Toyota Arena. The Riverside International Raceway, another defunct motorsport venue, was located about 7 miles (11 km) east of Riverside.
Club | League | Sport | Venue | Founded | Titles |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inland Empire 66ers | Low-A West
|
Baseball | San Manuel Stadium | 1941 | 6 |
Lake Elsinore Storm | Low-A West
|
Baseball | Lake Elsinore Diamond | 1994 | 2 |
Rancho Cucamonga Quakes | Low-A West
|
Baseball | LoanMart Field | 1993 | 1 |
High Desert Yardbirds | Pecos League | Baseball | Stater Bros. Stadium in Adelanto
|
2017 | 0 |
Ontario Clippers | NBA G League | Basketball | Toyota Arena | 2017 | 0 |
Ontario Reign | American Hockey League | Ice hockey | Toyota Arena | 2015 | 0 |
Ontario Fury
|
MASL
|
Indoor soccer | Toyota Arena | 2013 | 0 |
SoCal SC | NPSL | Soccer | San Bernardino Soccer Complex | 2016 | 0 |
Redlands FC | USL2
|
Soccer | Dodge Stadium | 2022 | 0 |
In college sports, the Inland Empire features five four-year institutions that represent all three
Media
Newspapers
The Inland Empire is served by four major local newspapers:
- The InlandEmpirePress.com provides online only reporting for the Riverside County & San Bernardino Valleyregion.
- The San Bernardino County Sun, which serves primarily the San Bernardino Valleyregion.
- The Los Angeles Countycities of Claremont, La Verne, Pomona, San Dimas, Upland, Rancho Cucamonga, Ontario, Montclair, Chino and Chino Hills.
- The Riverside-based Press-Enterprisealso has a few editions over the area.
There is also an Inland Empire edition of the Los Angeles Times. For the segments of the Inland Empire surrounding San Bernardino and Riverside cities, regional newspapers include:
- Inland Empire: The Inland Empire Community News, provides online and print reporting for various cities in the Inland Empire.
- High Desert: the Victor Valley is served by both the Victor Valley News and the Daily Press. Other newspapers include the Antelope Valley Press, and the Barstow Desert Dispatch. Both Victorville and Barstow have a Sunday edition circulated across both areas called the Press-Dispatch.
- Palm Springs & Coachella Valley: The Desert Sun
Radio
This section needs to be updated.(March 2017) |
The Inland Empire is ranked 26th (June 2008) in the national radio market as a stand-alone market. When combined with the Greater Los Angeles Area, it is part of the second largest radio market.[119]
Format stations | Public and college | Talk radio |
---|---|---|
KOLA-FM 99.9 Classics | KVCR-FM 91.9 NPR | KCAA-AM 1050 NBC Radio |
KFRG-FM 95.1 Country |
KUCR-FM 88.3 UC Riverside | KTIE-AM 590 Conservative talk |
KHTI-FM 103.9 Adult Top 40 |
||
KCAL-FM 96.7 Rock | KUOR-FM 89.1 NPR |
KMET-AM 1490 Conservative |
KGGI-FM 99.1 Hip-Hop/R&B | ||
KLRD-FM 90.1 Christian contemporary |
Due to the various mountain ranges including San Bernardino, San Gabriel, and Idyllwild, it may be difficult to receive a single station throughout the entire Inland Empire area without interference.
Television
This section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2010) |
PBS member station KVCR-TV[120] broadcasts directly to the Inland Empire.[121] The station covers all of Riverside County and San Bernardino County with some Los Angeles area overlap. The station is located on the campus of San Bernardino Valley College. In addition to PBS and original, local content, First Nations Experience (FNX),[122] KVCR's sister station, also broadcasts programming about the indigenous peoples and Native Americans to the Inland Empire.
The current TLC TV series Dr. Pimple Popper, a spin-off of the YouTube channel of dermatologist Sandra Lee, is shot mainly at Skin Physicians & Surgeons, a clinic in Upland run by Lee and her husband Jeffrey Rebish, also a dermatologist.[123][124]
Film
While there are no large film production companies or studios based in the Inland Empire, on-location shoots accounted for a total economic impact of $65.2 million in the two-county region in 2006.[125] From 1994 to 2005, filming accounted for over a billion dollars ($1,228,977,456) in total revenues spent in the area. Some famous films shot in the Inland Empire include Executive Decision, U Turn, Erin Brockovich, and The Fast and the Furious.[126] Select scenes from the films Tough Guys, Constantine,[127] The Island, and Tenet[128] were also shot in the Inland Empire's ghost town of Eagle Mountain.
While the 2006 David Lynch film Inland Empire is named after the region, no scenes were actually shot in the Inland Empire.[4]
Ann Lerner,
Shot Caller (2017) has scenes set in the Inland Empire, called "I.E." in the film.
Incorporated cities
Riverside County cities[130] |
Year incorporated |
Population, 2020 |
Median income, 2018 |
---|---|---|---|
Banning | 1913 | 31,125 | $41,038 |
Beaumont | 1912 | 51,475 | $78,111 |
Blythe | 1916 | 19,255 | $43,141 |
Calimesa | 1990 | 9,329 | $53,366 |
Canyon Lake | 1990 | 11,000 | $97,237 |
Cathedral City | 1981 | 53,580 | $46,370 |
Coachella | 1946 | 47,186 | $33,870 |
Corona | 1896 | 168,248 | $86,790 |
Desert Hot Springs | 1963 | 29,660 | $34,814 |
Eastvale | 2010 | 66,413 | $114,230 |
Hemet | 1910 | 85,175 | $39,653 |
Indian Wells | 1967 | 5,403 | $104,522 |
Indio | 1930 | 90,751 | $74,774 |
Jurupa Valley | 2011 | 107,083 | $76,090 |
La Quinta | 1982 | 40,660 | $79,889 |
Lake Elsinore | 1888 | 63,453 | $77,090 |
Menifee | 2008 | 97,093 | $77,033 |
Moreno Valley | 1984 | 208,838 | $65,449 |
Murrieta | 1991 | 115,561 | $100,080 |
Norco | 1964 | 27,564 | $95,441 |
Palm Desert | 1973 | 52,986 | $57,578 |
Palm Springs | 1938 | 47,427 | $50,361 |
Perris | 1911 | 80,201 | $66,545 |
Rancho Mirage | 1973 | 19,114 | $71,227 |
Riverside | 1883 | 328,155 | $71,967 |
San Jacinto | 1888 | 51,028 | $50,483 |
Temecula | 1989 | 111,970 | $95,918 |
Wildomar | 2008 | 37,183 | $73,282 |
San Bernardino County cities[130] |
Year incorporated |
Population, 2020 |
Median income, 2018 |
---|---|---|---|
Adelanto | 1970 | 35,663 | $40,018 |
Apple Valley | 1988 | 74,394 | $51,314 |
Barstow | 1947 | 24,268 | $39,585 |
Big Bear Lake | 1981 | 5,206 | $51,014 |
Chino | 1910 | 89,109 | $87,090 |
Chino Hills | 1991 | 82,409 | $103,473 |
Colton | 1887 | 54,118 | $50,063 |
Fontana | 1952 | 213,000 | $80,800 |
Grand Terrace | 1978 | 12,426 | $66,912 |
Hesperia | 1988 | 96,393 | $50,271 |
Highland | 1987 | 55,323 | $59,395 |
Loma Linda | 1970 | 24,535 | $53,371 |
Montclair | 1956 | 39,490 | $58,012 |
Needles | 1913 | 5,248 | $31,843 |
Ontario | 1891 | 182,871 | $75,266 |
Rancho Cucamonga | 1977 | 175,522 | $92,773 |
Redlands | 1888 | 70,952 | $72,410 |
Rialto | 1911 | 104,553 | $70,188 |
San Bernardino | 1854 | 217,946 | $49,721 |
Twentynine Palms | 1987 | 29,258 | $41,668 |
Upland | 1906 | 78,814 | $82,426 |
Victorville | 1962 | 126,432 | $60,391 |
Yucaipa | 1989 | 55,712 | $63,657 |
Yucca Valley | 1991 | 22,236 | $45,277 |
See also
- List of California urban areas
- List of museums in the Inland Empire (California)
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External links
- Inland Empire travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Inland Empire at Curlie