Road signs in Greece
This article's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. The reason given is: many signs are missing, vastly incomplete. (May 2018) |
Signs follow the general European conventions concerning the use of shape and colour, for every sign category. Signs indicating dangers are triangular with a red border, those giving orders are almost all circular (white on blue for mandatory instructions, black on white with a red border for prohibitions), and those providing information are rectangular. Most signs use pictograms to convey their particular meaning.
As is customary in
Greek road signs depict people with realistic (as opposed to stylized) silhouettes. All signs are identified by a Greek capital letter (for each category) and a number. Signs that indicate the same meaning but in a different direction have the same capital letter and number but are additionally differentiated by a lowercase letter (e.g. α, β, γ, δ, ... or α for left and δ for right).
Greece acceded to the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals on December 18, 1986.[1]
History
The history of road signaling in
Similar columns were also used in Roman times, but had miles as a unit of measurement.The first road signage on Greek roads with contemporary signs was made in 1924 by ELPA (Elliniki Leschi Periigiseon kai Aftokinitou, lit. translated: Hellenic Club of Tours and Car),
On July 25, 1962, and with Government Gazette A '110/62, it was announced in paragraph 1 of article 14 that "by joint decisions, issued by the Ministers of Transport, Public Works and Interior, all matters relating to the road signs, road markings, the type of signals, the characteristics of the road signage and the manner of its application shall be defined," while in paragraph 2 of the same article that "the provisions of the International
Finally, on July 6, 1974, 12 years after the initial announcements and with the Government Gazette B '676/74, the first serious signaling standards were established, which are still valid today.[6] It was the first time that sign diagrams were included in a Government Gazette. Since the publication of the relevant Government Gazette, the "provisions of paragraph 2 of article 14 of Law 4332/62 "on the ratification of the Road Traffic Code" have been abolished. However, within five years of its publication, six of the old signs from the Geneva Protocol were still valid, as "temporarily preserved signs."
The ΠΤΠ (Πρότυπες Τεχνικές Προδιαγραφές – Standard Technical Specifications) Σ301-75, and Σ301-302-75 (ΦΕΚ 99 B '/ 1976) established the quality of the aluminum of the sign, the ΠΤΠ of ΦΕΚ 1061 B' / 1980, as corrected by the order BM5 / 0/40229 / 27-10-1980 the support poles, the ΠΤΠ of the ΦΕΚ 589 / Β / 1980 the signalling of performed intercity road works, the ΠΤΠ of the ΦΕΚ 121 / Β / 1983 the signalling of performed city road works, the ΠΤΠ Σ310 and Σ311 the membranes of the signs, the technical specification ΔΚ8 of ΕΗ3 / 0/107 / 22-1-1976 the poles for eccentric plates and the Greek standard ΕΛΟΤ- 743/87 the conversion of the
Design
Font
The font on the signs since 1974 is
Language
The signs in
Retroreflection
Signs during the night are either:
- Internally illuminated – that is, of suitable translucent materials, illuminated by internal illumination systems. The application of these signs is restricted mainly to urban areas and to specific high-risk interurban networks.
- Externally illuminated – that is, they are illuminated by lamps facing them. These signs are applied at places where the light beam of cars is difficult to reach, such as the road sign gantries.
- With reflective materials – that is, part or all of which is of a suitable reflective film. They may not be reflective (at roads that are lit at night), semi-reflective (only symbols are reflective) or fully reflective (except symbols).
Finally, there are fluorescent reflective membranes, used in special circumstances, as a backdrop for school signs or signs indicating significant hazards.
Material
According to ΦΕΚ 99/76 B, the plates are made of aluminum sheets, "of alloy type AIMg 2 according to DIN 1725 Blatt I" or aluminum "type SIC 114 according to BS 873: PART 1: 1970 > 3 mm." To prevent corrosion, "they are calculated with a safety factor in terms of their mechanical strength, above 1.61."[7]
Poles
According to ΦΕΚ 1061 B '/ 1980, the poles of the signs are metal and are made of steel pipes or pipes made of aluminum alloy. The steel pipes have Carbon (0.17% to 0.30%), Sulfur (0.050% to 0.060%) and Phosphorus (0.050% to 0.060%), while the aluminum pipes, which are made of type 6005-A aluminum alloy according to the French AFNOR specification, silicon (0.60% to 0.90%), iron (0.35% maximum), manganese (0.50% maximum) and magnesium (0.40% to 0.70%) and their height is about 2.50 to 3.30 meters (8.2 to 10.8 ft).[8] The poles are usually made of steel, in the form of hollow beams, or of lightly reinforced concrete in circular sections. Two or more poles can also be used on larger signs.[6]
Dimensions
The signs have the following sizes:[9]
- Small – the circular ones have a diameter of 450 millimeters (18 in), the equilateral triangular sides 600 millimeters (24 in), the informative ones with letters height 100 millimeters (3.9 in) and the octagonal STOP diameter 600 millimeters (24 in). They are found mainly in villages, small towns, private and rural roads, as well as in private areas. They are rarely placed on provincial roads, and if approved by the Competent Service.
- Medium – the circular ones have a diameter of 650 millimeters (26 in), the equilateral triangular sides 600 millimeters (24 in), the informative ones with letters height 100 millimeters (3.9 in) and the octagonal STOP diameter 900 millimeters (35 in). They are found mainly in large cities and on provincial and / or national roads.
- Large – the circular ones have a diameter of 900 millimeters (35 in), the equilateral triangular sides 1,200 millimeters (47 in), the informative ones in letters height 200 millimeters (7.9 in) and the octagonal STOP diameter 1,200 millimeters (47 in). They are found mainly on expressways.
On
Categorization
Category | Shape | Character | Used on |
Colours | Example | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Border | Background | Pictogram | |||||
Warning | Triangular | Alerting | - | Red | Yellow | Black | |
Regulatory | Circular | Prohibitive | - | Red | White | Black | |
Commanding | - | - | Blue | White | |||
Informatory | Rectangular | Informational | - | Blue (various) |
White (various) |
Black (various) |
|
Informatory | Rectangular | Routing | Motorways |
White | Green | Yellow (Greek) White (English) |
|
Expressways & primary roads |
White | Blue | Yellow (Greek) White (English) |
||||
Local destinations | Black | White | Black | ||||
Tourist roads | White | Brown | Yellow (Greek) White (English) |
||||
Additional | Informational | - | Black | White | Black | ||
Temporary | Rectangular (mostly) |
(various) | Roadworks & other events |
(various) | Orange | Black | |
Warning signs (ΚΟΚ series Κ)
The Κ series of ΚΟΚ, includes warning signs. These signs have mostly a triangular shape (except for Κ-33 to Κ-37 and Κ-42α). Their borders are red (except for Κ-42α which is black) and their background is yellow (except for Κ-21 and Κ-42α which their white) with the pictograms being black. These signs are intended to alert drivers early on of risks (e.g. dangerous places, accesses of
-
K-6α
Road narrows on left -
K-6δ
Road narrows on right -
K-11
Dip -
K-13
Loose chippings -
K-14
Rockfall from right -
K-14
Rockfall from left -
K-16Children
-
K-17
Cyclists -
K-19
Wild animals -
K-21Traffic signals
-
K-22
Low-flying aircraft -
K-23
Crosswind -
K-23
Crosswind -
K-24
Two-way traffic -
K-28αJunctionwith a side-road from the left
-
K-28δJunctionwith a side-road from the right
-
K-29α
Merging traffic from the left -
K-30
Roundabout ahead -
K-38α
Dangerous verges on the left -
K-38δ
Dangerous verges on the right -
K-39
Traffic queues -
K-40
Tunnel ahead -
K-41
Tramway -
K-42α
Fog -
Κ-45αcyclist
-
Κ-45δcyclist
Source:[13]
Regulatory signs (ΚΟΚ series Ρ)
The Ρ series of ΚΟΚ, includes prohibitive and mandatory signs. These signs have mostly a round shape (except for Ρ-1 to Ρ-4, Ρ-6, Ρ-43, Ρ-44, Ρ-60, Ρ-61, Ρ-69 to Ρ-75). Prohibitive signs have their borders red and their background white with the pictograms being black. For mandatory signs, their background is blue and the pictograms is white. These signs are affixed to inform drivers of obligations, restrictions or prohibitions.
-
Ρ-4
End of priority road -
Ρ-8
Road closed for allvehicles -
Ρ-9
Nowheels -
Ρ-10
Nomotorcycles -
Ρ-11
Nobicycles -
Ρ-12
Nomopeds -
Ρ-13
Nolorries -
Ρ-14
Novehicles with a trailer -
Ρ-15
Nopedestrians -
Ρ-16
No animal-drawn vehicles -
Ρ-17
Nohandcarts -
Ρ-18
No agricultural machineries -
Ρ-19
Nomotor vehicles -
Ρ-20
Nomotor vehicles and animal-drawn vehicles -
Ρ-21
Nowidthshown (e.g. 2m) -
Ρ-22
Novehicles over heightshown (e.g. 3.5m) -
Ρ-23
Notonnesshown (e.g. 5t) -
Ρ-25
Novehicles over lengthshown (e.g. 10m) -
Ρ-26
Minimum distance (e.g. 70m) -
Ρ-27
No left turn -
Ρ-28
No right turn -
Ρ-29
No U-turn -
Ρ-31
Notonnes -
Ρ-32α
Maximum speed (10 km/h) -
Ρ-32β
Maximum speed (20 km/h) -
Ρ-32γ
Maximum speed (30 km/h) -
Ρ-32δ
Maximum speed (40 km/h) -
Ρ-32ε
Maximum speed (50 km/h) -
Ρ-32στ
Maximum speed (60 km/h) -
Ρ-32ζ
Maximum speed (70 km/h) -
Ρ-32η
Maximum speed (80 km/h) -
Ρ-32θ
Maximum speed (90 km/h) -
Ρ-32ι
Maximum speed (100 km/h) -
Ρ-32κ
Maximum speed (110 km/h) -
Ρ-32λ
Maximum speed (120 km/h) -
Ρ-32μ
Maximum speed (130 km/h) -
Ρ-33
No use of horns -
Ρ-35
Toll road -
Ρ-36
End of restriction -
Ρ-37
End of maximum speed (e.g. 60 km/h) -
Ρ-38
End of no overtaking -
Ρ-40
No parking and stopping -
Ρ-43
No parking zone -
Ρ-44
End of no parking zone -
Ρ-45
Noexplosives or flammable goods -
Ρ-46
Novehicles carrying goods which could pollute water -
Ρ-52
Cross either on left or right -
Ρ-56
Bridleway -
Ρ-57
Minimum speed (e.g. 30 km/h) -
Ρ-58
End of minimum speed (e.g. 30 km/h) -
Ρ-59
Snow chains compulsory -
Ρ-60
Maximum speed zone (e.g. 50 km/h) -
Ρ-61
End of maximum speed zone (e.g. 50 km/h) -
Ρ-62
End of notonnes -
Ρ-63
Notonnesshown (e.g. 3t) -
Ρ-64
Nohazardous goods -
Ρ-65Segregated pedestrian and bicycle path
-
Ρ-65Segregated pedestrian and bicycle path
-
Ρ-66
Shared path frombicycles -
Ρ-66α
Shared path fromvehicles -
Ρ-67α
Exclusive passage ofbicycles -
Ρ-68α
End of exclusive passage ofbicycles -
Ρ-69
Controlled parking -
Ρ-70vehicles (e.g. TAXI)
-
Ρ-71disabilities
-
Ρ-72disabilities, with a special license
-
Ρ-73αhazardous goodsshould turn left
-
Ρ-73δhazardous goodsshould turn right
-
Ρ-74αhazardous goodsshould turn left
-
Ρ-74δhazardous goodsshould turn right
-
Ρ-75
Attention tovehicles carrying goods which could pollute water -
Ρ-76
Exclusive tram crossing -
Ρ-77
End of exclusive tram crossing
Information signs (ΚΟΚ series Π)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021) |
The Π series of ΚΟΚ, includes information signs. These signs are affixed to inform drivers of different kind of informations.
-
Π-1
Directions on an expressway -
Π-2
Directions on an expressway -
Π-3Primary or secondary roaddirection
-
Π-3α
Direction to urban area -
Π-3β
Direction to tourist attraction -
Π-4Dead endon right
-
Π-5Dead endon left
-
Π-6
Alternative direction -
Π-7
Multi-lane lane warning sign at an intersection -
Π-8αPrimary or secondary roaddirection
-
Π-8βPrimary or secondary roaddirection
-
Π-8γPrimary or secondary roaddirection
-
Π-8δ
Direction to tourist attraction -
Π-9Primary or secondary roaddirection
-
Π-10
Direction to the airport -
Π-11
-
Π-12
-
Π-13 National Road number
-
Π-14Motorwaynumber
-
Π-15
Street mileage -
Π-16
Street mileage -
Π-17
Beginning of residential area -
Π-18
End of residential area -
Π-19
Toponymy -
Π-21α
Cyclist crossing -
Π-23
One-way street -
Π-24
One-way street (right) -
Π-24
One-way street (left) -
Π-25Dead end
-
Π-26
Expressway -
Π-26α
End of expressway -
Π-28αRailway station
-
Π-29
Information about road condition of passes -
Π-30
Snow chains or snow tyres are recommended (used on Π-29) -
Π-31αParking area
-
Π-31β
End ofparking area -
Π-31γ
Direction to showparking area -
Π-31δ
Bicycle parking -
Π-37
Restaurant -
Π-38
Refreshments -
Π-39
Picnic site -
Π-40Hiking trail
-
Π-42
Caravan site -
Π-44Youth hostel
-
Π-45
Information -
Π-46
Bathing -
Π-47
Lavatory -
Π-48Radio station for road and trafficinformation
-
Π-49
Tunnel -
Π-50
Airport -
Π-51
Helicopter -
Π-52
Cable car -
Π-53Seaport
-
Π-54Tourist port
-
Π-55hydrofoils
-
Π-56Seaport for ferry
-
Π-57
Police -
Π-58
Urban area -
Π-59
End of urban area -
Π-60Disabled people
-
Π-63
Pedestrian ramp -
Π-64
Advisory speed limit -
Π-65
Generalspeed limits -
Π-66
-
Π-67
-
Π-68
-
Π-68
-
Π-69
-
Π-69
-
Π-69α
-
Π-70
-
Π-70α
-
Π-71
Lavatory for people with disabilities -
Π-72
-
Π-73
-
Π-74
Obstacle marker (left) -
Π-74
Obstacle marker (right) -
Π-75
Sharp bend, left -
Π-75
Sharp bend, right -
Π-76
Barrier marker -
Π-76
Barrier marker -
Π-77
Obstacle marker (keep right) -
Π-78
Obstacle marker (keep left) -
Π-79
Cross either on left or right -
Π-80
Interchange -
Π-81
-
Π-82
-
Π-83
-
Π-84
-
Π-85
-
Π-86
Exit -
Π-89
-
Π-90α
Distance marker before anexit(300 m) -
Π-90β
Distance marker before anexit(200 m) -
Π-90γ
Distance marker before anexit(100 m) -
Π-91
Vehicles that carry more than a certain amount of explosives or flammable substances should use the exit -
Π-92α
End of traffic calming zone -
Π-94
Stopping and parking is prohibited, owner's vehicle will be towed -
Π-94
Stopping and parking is prohibited, owner's vehicle will be towed -
Π-95
Tram on road -
Π-97
-
Π-98
-
Π-98α
-
Π-133
Fire extinguisher -
Π-134α
Emergency layby -
Π-134β
Emergency layby
Additional signs (ΚΟΚ series Πρ)
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021) |
These signs are rectangular with a black border on a white background with a black pictogram and are always combined with other road signs. Additional signs are never used by themselves.
-
Πρ-1
100 m ahead -
Πρ-2
Length of a danger -
Πρ-4δ
ΑμεΑ vehicles -
Πρ-4ε
No ΑμεΑ vehicles -
Πρ-6
Rain -
Πρ-7
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-8
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-9
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-10
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-11
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-12
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-13
Direction of priority road -
Πρ-14α
Hard curve (left) -
Πρ-14δ
Hard curve (right) -
Πρ-15α
-
Πρ-15δ
-
Πρ-16α
Animal-drawn vehicle -
Πρ-16βHandcart
-
Πρ-16γ
Bicycle -
Πρ-16δ
Moped -
Πρ-16ε
Motorcycle -
Πρ-16στ
Passenger vehicle -
Πρ-16η
Agricultural machinery -
Πρ-16ιLorry
-
Πρ-16ια
Semi-trailer truck -
Πρ-16ιγLorry with a trailer
-
Πρ-16ιδexplosives or flammable goods
-
Πρ-16ιε
Tram -
Πρ-18α
TAXI -
Πρ-18β
No TAXI
Temporary signs
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021) |
Temporary signs typically consist of a traffic sign placed on an orange background.
-
Κ-1α
Curve (left) -
Κ-1δ
Curve (right) -
Κ-2α
Double curve (left) -
Κ-2δ
Double curve (right) -
Κ-5
Road narrows -
Κ-6α
Road narrows on left -
Κ-6δ
Road narrows on right -
Κ-9
Uneven road -
Κ-10
Humps -
Κ-11
Dip -
Κ-12
Slippery road -
Κ-13
Loose chippings -
Κ-15
Pedestrian crossing ahead -
Κ-16Children
-
Κ-20
Roadworks -
Κ-21Traffic signals
-
Κ-24
Two-way traffic -
Κ-25
Other danger -
Κ-28αJunctionwith a side-road from the left
-
Κ-28δJunctionwith a side-road from the right
-
Κ-29α
Merging traffic from the left -
Κ-29δ
Merging traffic from the right -
Κ-30
Roundabout ahead -
Κ-42
Fog -
Ρ-1Give way
-
Ρ-2
Stop -
Ρ-7
No entry -
Ρ-8
Road closed for allvehicles -
Ρ-8
Road closed for allvehiclesexcept for construction site vehicles -
Ρ-13
Nolorries -
Ρ-14
Novehicles with a trailer -
Ρ-15
Nopedestrians -
Ρ-27
No left turn -
Ρ-28
No right turn -
Ρ-29
No U-turn -
Ρ-30
No overtaking -
Ρ-31
Notonnes -
Ρ-32α
Maximum speed (10 km/h) -
Ρ-32β
Maximum speed (20 km/h) -
Ρ-32γ
Maximum speed (30 km/h) -
Ρ-32δ
Maximum speed (40 km/h) -
Ρ-32ε
Maximum speed (50 km/h) -
Ρ-32στ
Maximum speed (60 km/h) -
Ρ-32ζ
Maximum speed (70 km/h) -
Ρ-32η
Maximum speed (80 km/h) -
Ρ-36
End of restriction -
Ρ-38
End of no overtaking -
Ρ-39
No parking -
Ρ-40
No parking and stopping -
Ρ-49
Keep straight -
Ρ-50
Turn left or right ahead -
Ρ-50α
Turn left ahead -
Ρ-50δ
Turn right ahead -
Ρ-51α
Turn straight or left ahead -
Ρ-51δ
Turn straight or right ahead -
Ρ-52
Cross either on left or right -
Ρ-52α
Keep left -
Ρ-52δ
Keep right -
Ρ-62
End of notonnes -
Π-23
One-way street -
Π-25Dead end
-
Π-75
Obstacle marker (left) -
Π-75
Obstacle marker (right) -
Π-70
Temporary right lane closed ahead -
Π-103
Temporary onto opposite lane (200 m) -
N/A
Caution, roadworks -
N/A
Slow -
N/A
Caution, entry-exit ofconstruction site -
N/A
Exceptconstruction vehicles -
Π-9
Direction -
N/A
Risk of falling -
N/A
Movable trailer with flashers and a big arrow to indicate drivers where to go -
N/A
Movable trailer with flashers and a big arrow to indicate drivers where to go
Other signs
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2022) |
(This section needs more information) These signs are unofficial.
-
N/ABorder crossing
-
Κ-16Children
-
Ρ-32γ
Maximum speed (30 km/h) -
N/APedestrians
-
N/A
Notonnesshown (e.g. 6t) -
N/A
Nobuses -
N/A
Nobuses -
N/A
Nolorriesturn left -
N/A
Nolorriesturn right -
N/A
Control -
Ρ-39
No parking -
N/A
No parking with arrows -
N/A
Start of no parking -
N/A
End of no parking -
N/A
Start of no parking and stopping -
N/A
End of no parking and stopping -
N/A
Vehicles ofdisabledlane -
N/AMotor vehicleslane
-
N/ALorrieslane
-
N/A
Continuouspedestrian crossings -
N/AChildrencrossing
-
N/A
Speed bump -
N/A
Caution, school -
N/A
Caution,playing -
N/A
Caution,playing -
N/A
Left and right -
N/A
Direction to the Acropolis museum -
N/A
Direction to the airport
Road markings
-
N/A
Keep straight -
N/A
Turn straight, left or right ahead -
N/A
Turn straight or left ahead -
N/A
Turn straight or right ahead -
N/A
Turn left or right ahead -
N/A
Keep left -
N/A
Keep right
Obsolete signs
Retired signs
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021) |
Most of these signs are withdrawn or replaced with new diagrams of the same meaning, except for some which are entirely obsolete.
-
Κ-1α
Curve (left) -
Κ-1δ
Curve (right) -
Κ-2
Double curve -
Κ-2
Double curve -
Κ-5
Road narrows -
K-9
Uneven road -
K-12
Slippery road -
K-15
Pedestrian crossing ahead -
K-20
Roadworks -
K-25
Other danger -
K-29δ
Merging traffic from the right -
K-31
Level crossing with a barrier or gate -
K-32
Level crossing without a barrier or gate -
N/A
Piraeus-Perama level crossing -
K-33
Distance to level crossing (farthest) -
K-34
Distance to level crossing (middle) -
K-35
Distance to level crossing (closest) -
N/A
Attention to the trains -
Ρ-1Give way
-
Ρ-2
Stop -
Ρ-7
No entry -
Ρ-30
No overtaking (cars) -
Ρ-30
No overtaking (arrows) -
Ρ-34
Customs control -
Ρ-39
No parking -
Ρ-39
No parking -
Ρ-41
No parking on odd months -
Ρ-42
No parking on even months -
Ρ-47
Turn left -
Ρ-48
Turn right -
Ρ-49
Keep straight -
Ρ-50
Turn left or right ahead -
P-50α
Turn left ahead -
P-50δ
Turn right ahead -
P-51α
Turn straight or left ahead -
P-51δ
Turn straight or right ahead -
P-52α
Keep left -
P-52δ
Keep right -
P-53
Roundabout -
P-54
Bicycle lane -
N/A
Obligatory run of the depicted vehicle -
N/A
Special direction & distance sign of the vehicle shown in the white space -
N/A
Slow -
Π-22
Hospital -
Π-27Motorway
-
Π-27α
End ofmotorway -
Π-31
Parking place -
Π-32
First aid -
Π-33
Reparis -
Π-34
Telephone -
Π-35Petrol station
-
Π-41Camping site
-
Πρ-4α
Beginning of... -
Πρ-4β
Continual of... -
Πρ-4γ
End of... -
N/A
Risk of fire -
N/A
Progressive load indications -
N/A
Δήμος Νέας Πεντέλης
Athens bus service signs
-
"No parking. Bus passing". Athens Urban Transport Servive (OASA) and Thermal Bus Company (ETHEL) road sign.
-
"No parking. Bus passing". Athens Urban Transport Servive (OASA) and Thermal Bus Company (ETHEL) road sign.
-
"Bus passing. Illegally parked vehicles will be towed". Athens Urban Transport Servive (OASA) and Thermal Bus Company (ETHEL) new road sign.
-
Left arrow - Athens Urban Transport Servive (OASA) guidance sign (with route label).
-
Forward arrow - Athens Urban Transoport Servive (OASA) guidance (without route label).
-
Right arrow - Athens Urban Transoport Servive (OASA) guidance (without route label).
-
Old Athens bus stop sign (OASA-ETHEL) circa 1994–2005.
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Recent Athens bus stop sign (OASA-ETHEL) circa 2005–2015.
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Most recent Athens bus stop sign (OASA-OSY) since 2015 circa.
References
- ^ "United Nations Treaty Collection". treaties.un.org. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
- ^ a b "Πρότυπα σήμανσης και εξοπλισμού οδών" (PDF). Ενημερωτικό δελτίου Τ.Ε.Ε. (in Greek) (Τεύχος 1980). 14 November 1997.
- ^ "Πρότυπα σήμανσης και εξοπλισμού οδών" (PDF). Ενημερωτικό δελτίου Τ.Ε.Ε. (in Greek) (Τεύχος 1980). 14 November 1997.
- ^ "Σήμανση οδών" (PDF) (in Greek).
- ^ "ΕΛΠΑ - Ελληνική Λέσχη Αυτοκινήτου και Περιηγήσεων" (in Greek). 2014-07-07. Archived from the original on 2014-07-07. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
- ^ a b "Σήμανση οδών" (PDF) (in Greek).
- ^ ΛΑΓΓΙΩΤΗΣ, ΧΡ.; ΞΕΠΑΠΑΔΑΚΟΣ, ΔΗΜ. (28 January 1976). ΛΑΓΓΙΩΤΗΣ, ΧΡΙΣΤΟΔ. (ed.). "ΠΡΟΔΙΑΓΡΑΦΗ ΠΟΙΟΤΗΤΟΣ ΜΗ ΑΝΤΑΝΑΚΛΑΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΠΙΝΑΚΙΔΩΝ ΕΞ ΑΛΟΥΜΙΝΙΟΥ, ΔΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΣΗΜΑΝΣΙΝ ΟΔΩΝ". ΕΦΙΜΕΡΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΣΕΩΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑΣ (in Greek) (ΦΕΚ 99/Β). ΕΝ ΑΘΗΝΑΙΣ.
- ^ ΠΑΠΑΚΡΙΘΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, ΙΔ. (1980-04-22). "ΠΑΠΑΚΡΙΘΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ". ΕΦΙΜΕΡΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΣΕΩΣ (in Greek) (ΦΕΚ 1061 Β΄/1980). Αθήναι.
- ^ a b Τσανακτσίδης, Δημήτριος; Τσιτσούλας, Δημήτριος. "Σήμανση οδών" (PDF) (in Greek).
- ^ "Νέα πινακίδα του Κ.Ο.Κ. για την ομίχλη". autotriti.gr (in Greek).
- ^ "Τροποποίηση του Κ.Ο.Κ. νέες πινακίδες κατακόρυφης σήμανσης". drivenews.gr (in Greek). 10 April 2018.
- ^ "Τροποποίηση του Κ.Ο.Κ. νέες πινακίδες κατακόρυφης σήμανσης". drivenews.gr (in Greek). 10 April 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f Κώδικας Οδικής Κυκλοφορίας - Κ.Ο.Κ. - άτυπη κωδικοποίηση (PDF) (in Greek). iNomoi. February 2012.
- ^ "Κώδικας-Οδικής-Κυκλοφορίας.pdf ministryofjustice.gr" (PDF) (in Greek). ΙΣΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΩΝ ΔΣΑ.
- ^ "Κώδικας-Οδικής-Κυκλοφορίας.pdf ministryofjustice.gr" (PDF) (in Greek). ΙΣΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΩΝ ΔΣΑ.
- ^ "Κώδικας-Οδικής-Κυκλοφορίας.pdf ministryofjustice.gr" (PDF) (in Greek). ΙΣΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΩΝ ΔΣΑ.
- ^ "Κώδικας-Οδικής-Κυκλοφορίας.pdf ministryofjustice.gr" (PDF) (in Greek). ΙΣΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΩΝ ΔΣΑ.
- ^ "Κώδικας-Οδικής-Κυκλοφορίας.pdf ministryofjustice.gr" (PDF) (in Greek). ΙΣΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΩΝ ΔΣΑ.