Robert B. Anderson
Robert B. Anderson | |
---|---|
56th United States Secretary of the Treasury | |
In office July 29, 1957 – January 20, 1961 | |
President | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
Preceded by | George M. Humphrey |
Succeeded by | C. Douglas Dillon |
5th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense | |
In office May 3, 1954 – August 4, 1955 | |
President | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
Preceded by | Roger M. Kyes |
Succeeded by | Reuben B. Robertson Jr. |
52nd United States Secretary of the Navy | |
In office February 4, 1953 – March 3, 1954 | |
President | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
Preceded by | Dan A. Kimball |
Succeeded by | Charles Thomas |
Member of the Texas House of Representatives from the 99th district | |
In office January 10, 1933 – September 11, 1933 | |
Preceded by | John Holland Veatch |
Succeeded by | Edgar Emmett Hunter |
Personal details | |
Born | Robert Bernard Anderson June 4, 1910 Burleson, Texas, U.S. |
Died | August 14, 1989 New York City, U.S. | (aged 79)
Political party | Republican (1956–1989) |
Other political affiliations | Democratic (before 1956) |
Spouse |
Ollie Rawlins
(m. 1935; died 1987) |
Children | 2 |
Education | Weatherford College (BA) University of Texas at Austin (LLB) |
Signature | |
Robert Bernard Anderson (June 4, 1910 – August 14, 1989) was an American
In 1987, two years before his death from
Early life
Anderson was born in Burleson, Texas on June 4, 1910, to Robert Lee Anderson and his wife Elizabeth Haskew "Lizzy" Anderson. He was a high school teacher prior to entering the University of Texas Law School, from which he graduated in 1932. He thereafter engaged in political, governmental, law and business activities in the state of Texas.
State government service
Upon leaving the University of Texas School of Law in 1932, Anderson soon became an Assistant Attorney General for the State of Texas where he worked in 1933–1934. By 1934, he moved onward to become a State of Texas Tax Commissioner.
By 1939–1940, Anderson pursued opportunities within the private sector; he and two other partners purchased the City of
Marriage and children
Anderson married Ollie Mae Rawlins on April 10, 1935. The couple had two sons, Gerald Lee and James Richard. The Anderson family later moved to
Federal government service
According to the Seagraves, Anderson was with Douglas MacArthur and Edward Lansdale inspecting the Philippine caves containing Yamashita's gold immediately after World War II ended.[2][3][a]
During his time as Navy Secretary, he ended the last formal vestiges of racial segregation in the Navy and advocated the force levels and technological advances necessary to maintain a flexible defense strategy. In May 1954, Anderson left his Navy post to become Deputy Secretary of Defense. He received the Medal of Freedom in 1955. From 1957 to 1961, he served as Eisenhower's Secretary of the Treasury.
Eisenhower was particularly impressed by Anderson's abilities, believing him to be more than capable of being president himself, and named him as one of his leading choices to be his running mate in 1956 if
Eisenhower said Anderson "is just about the ablest man that I know, He would make a splendid President."[6]
In 1959, as Secretary of the Treasury, Anderson supported the creation of the International Development Association, after pressure from then-Senator Mike Monroney (D-Oklahoma).[7]
Anderson was close to
In 1963, President Kennedy appointed Anderson to a special committee to study the United States foreign aid program.[9]
In 1964 following Panamanian riots, President Johnson appointed him as special ambassador to Panama where he conducted negotiations for a new treaty on the status of the Panama Canal.[9] At the same time, Anderson served as chairman of a Congressional study commission to determine if building a sea level canal through Panama was possible.[9] He succeeded in negotiating a preliminary treaty to transfer the Canal to the control of Panama, but, before the treaty was ratified by the legislature of Panama, General Omar Torrijos overthrew the Panamanian government in October 1968 and rejected the proposed treaty.[9] In June 1973, he resigned his ambassador post, unable to secure agreement on another preliminary treaty proposal and was replaced by Ellsworth Bunker who agreed to Panamanian demands to a rapid transition to control by Panama and the subsequent Bunker negotiated treaty was ratified in 1978 for transfer of the Panama Canal from United States jurisdiction to Panama jurisdiction and control.[9]
During the 1960s, he carried out diplomatic missions on behalf of President Lyndon B. Johnson, including many trips to Cairo to confer with Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser in the wake of the 1967 Six-Day War.[10]
Private business and death
After leaving office in 1961, Anderson moved to
He established the Robert Anderson & Company Limited in Hong Kong on August 19, 1961, and operated it as a private company limited by shares until December 29, 1972, when it was dissolved.[11]
He was unsuccessful in establishing a
Anderson was a director on the Hong Kong Resort Company board. He had a casino investment with Edward Wong Wing-cheung, who founded HKR in May 1973.[12]
He was a lobbyist for the Rev. Sun Myung Moon's Unification Church during the 1980s.[13]
Anderson's career ended in personal suffering. He was hospitalized several times for
Anderson died of
The Robert B. Anderson Papers 1933-89 were deposited at the
See also
Notes
- ^ On October 19, 1945, Edward Lansdale arrived in Manila Bay aboard the US Army Transport Ship (USAT) USS Uruguay.[4]
References
- ISBN 0-671-74758-4.
- ^ Seagrave & Seagrave 2005, p. 96.
- ^ Johnson, Chalmers (November 20, 2003). "The Looting of Asia": A review of Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold by Sterling Seagrave and Peggy Seagrave Verso, 332 pp. London Review of Books v. 25, no. 22. Archived from the original on November 19, 2003. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
- ^ Anderson 2020, pp. 127–130.
- ^ Remarks by Secretary of the Treasury, Robert B. Anderson, at Treasury-industry Top Management Meeting for Payroll Savings Program. 1960.
- ISBN 978-0671499013.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location (link - ^ Kapur et al, 1997, The World Bank: Its First Half Century, Volume 1, Washington DC: Brooklings Institution
- ^ Wolfe 1989.
- ^ Eisenhower Library website. July 2004. Archived from the original(PDF) on October 18, 2020. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ "Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume XIX, Arab-Israeli Crisis and War, 1967 – Office of the Historian". history.state.gov. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ^ "Hong Kong Business Directory: Robert Anderson & Company Limited". HKG Business website. Archived from the original on February 13, 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ US Department of State diplomatic cables, 17 August 1977
- ^ New York Times. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ^ Reilly, William M. (June 26, 1987). "Former Ike treasury secretary sentenced". United Press International. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
- ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
- ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
- ^ Matter of Anderson, 142 A.D.2d 498, 536 N.Y.S.2d 765 (January 12, 1989).
- ISBN 978-2841861606.
- ASIN B00SQDO3GU.
- ISBN 978-1844675319.
- ISBN 9780385540452.
- Wolfe, Jane (1989). The Murchisons: The Rise and Fall of a Texas Dynasty. ISBN 978-0312034047.