Rock music of Canada
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Rock music of Canada is a wide and diverse part of the general music of Canada, beginning with American and British style rock and roll in the mid-20th century.[1] Since then Canada has had a considerable impact on the development of the modern popular music called rock.[2][3][4] Canada has produced many of the genre's most significant groups and performers, while contributing substantively to the development of the most popular subgenres, which include pop rock, progressive rock, country rock, folk rock, hard rock, punk rock, heavy metal and indie rock.[5][6][7][8]
Background
Since before Canada's
Canada has produced a number of notable international recording artists who appeared on the
History
1950s
In 1951,
By 1954 the name "rock and roll" had become the common name of the popular music of the day.
Most Canadians with successful recording careers in the 1950s had moved to the US, where the population level and media exposure would eclipse that of Canada.[47] Ronnie Hawkins, an Arkansas born rockabilly singer, moved to Canada in 1958, becoming a prominent figure in Canadian blues and rock devoting his life to popularizing Canadian musicians.[48] He formed a backing band called The Hawks, which produced some of the earliest Canadian rock stars. Among them were the members of The Band, who began touring with Bob Dylan in 1966, and then struck out on their own in 1968.[49]
1960s
As the late fifties gave way to the sixties, stars of the previous decade were still producing hits, but they were quickly losing ground as they struggled to find material that clicked with this new and energetic generation.
During the 1960s Canadian music was regarded with indifference and Canadian recording artists were forced to turn toward the United States to establish their careers.
Country rock and folk rock singers such as
Unlike the generation before, the late sixties American and British
1970s
With the introduction of the
With the introduction in the mid-1970s period of rock music on
Following the hard rock scene
Many acts have had equally vital, if less remunerative careers outside the mainstream in
1980s
Things changed course in the 1980s, the changing fast-paced culture was accompanied by an explosion in youth culture. Until the mid-1960s, little attention was paid to rock by Canadian daily newspapers except as news or novelty. With the introduction during the 1970s of the "
Music videos assumed a major role in the promotion of pop rock recordings in 1980s for US exposure. Videos produced many mainstream pop-rockers that saw huge success in and outside of Canada.[91] Success in the larger US market remained the major goal of most, if not all, post-1970 Canadian rock acts; a goal in fact reached with some greater or lesser degree of consistency by several, among them Bryan Adams, Kim Mitchell former guitarist and vocalist of Max Webster, Aldo Nova, Loverboy, Saga, k.d. lang, Red Rider, Corey Hart, Alannah Myles, Lee Aaron, Tom Cochrane, Honeymoon Suite, Haywire, Doug and the Slugs, Payola$ and Glass Tiger.[4] As well, the era produced the country cowpunk of k.d. lang.[6][7] Bryan Adams would emerge as Canada's superstar of the 80s[92] having been awarded the Order of Canada,[93] and the Order of British Columbia[94] and inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame in 1998 for his contribution to popular music and his philanthropic work. Also notable is Loverboy who accumulated numerous hit songs in Canada[5] and the United States, making four multi-platinum albums.[24] The band's hit singles, particularly "Lovin' Every Minute of It" and "Working for the Weekend" have become hard rock staples, and are still heard on classic rock radio stations across the US and Canada. Loverboy received five Juno Awards, Canada's highest award for music, in one year, a record that still stands today.[24] The band would later receive an additional three Juno Awards, bringing their total to eight, which at that time was most received by a single group or individual aside from Bryan Adams.[3]
In the late 1980s, the Canadian recording industry continued to produce popular acts such as
Canada's most successful rock artists by the late 1980s worked in a relatively generic, mainstream pop rock style of the day. Some from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, may be ascribed to more specific substyles like
1990s
At the start of the 1990s Canadian rock took a distinctive turn. Just as artists from the 1970s competed with disco, artists from the 1990s were competing with
In 1996, VideoFACT launched PromoFACT, a funding program to help new artists produce electronic press kits and
Canadian women by the end of the decade enjoyed greater international commercial success than ever before in the popular music field.
2000s
The early first decade of the 21st century was dominated by
The wide and diverse sound in 21st century rock has resulted in such acts as
.Arguably the most successful Canadian group of the decade was
The end of the decade was notable for a surprising number of ambitious indie rock albums.
French
In the 1960s, some
Recent Quebec performers include
Quebec has also produced a number of significant Anglophone artists, including
See also
- Aboriginal rock
- Anthems and nationalistic songs of Canada
- Canadian blues
- Canadian music genres
- Canadian Music Hall of Fame
- Canadian rock/alternative chart
- East Coast Music Association
- List of number-one singles in Canada
- Music of Canadian cultures
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Further reading
- Pegley, Kip (2009), Coming to you wherever you are: MuchMusic, MTV, and youth identities, Wesleyan Univ. Press, ISBN 978-0819568694
- Edwardson, Ryan (2009), Canuck rock: a history of Canadian popular music, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 978-0-8020-9989-1
- Axes, Chops & Hot Licks: the Canadian rock music scene by Ritchie York, (Edmonton AB: ISBN 0-88830-052-2)
- Heart of Gold: 30 years of Canadian pop music by Martin Melhuish, (Toronto ON: ISBN 0-88794-112-5)
- Canadian Music Fast Facts: Canadian pop music history by Mark Kearney, Randy Ray, (London, ON: Sparky Productions, 1991) (ISBN 0-9695149-0-5)
- Encyclopedia of Canadian rock, pop and folk music by Rick Jackson, (Kingston, ON: Quarry Press, 1994). (ISBN 1-55082-107-5)
- Oh What a Feeling: a vital history of Canadian music by Martin Melhuish, (Kingston, ON: Quarry Press, 1996) (ISBN 1-55082-164-4)
- Before the gold rush: flashbacks to the dawn of the Canadian sound by Nicholas Jennings, (Yorkville ON: ISBN 0-670-87381-0)
- On A Cold Road: tales of adventure in Canadian rock by ISBN 0-7710-1456-2)
- Hand Me Down World: the Canadian pop-rock paradox by Greg Potter, (Toronto ON: ISBN 0-7715-7642-0)
- The CHUM Story by Allen Farrell, (C.A ON: ISBN 0-7737-6263-9)
- Michael Barclay; Ian Andrew Dylan Jack; Jason Schneider (1 June 2011). ISBN 978-1-55022-992-9.
- The Top 100 Canadian Albums by ISBN 978-0-86492-500-8)
- Women Musicians in Canada "on the record" . The Music Division of the National Library of Canada by C. Gillard. Ottawa: NLC, 1995. [6] leaves. (ISBN 0-7759-0517-8)