Roland Moreno

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Roland Moreno in 1996.

Roland Moreno (11 June 1945 – 29 April 2012) was a French inventor, engineer, humorist and author who was the inventor of the

Légion d'Honneur in 2009.[1]

Biography

Early life and career

Moreno was born in

L'Express news magazine.[1] From 1970 to 1972 Moreno was also an editor at Chimie-Actualités, a French chemistry magazine.[2]

Smart card

A T-mobile SIM card using Moreno's smart chip.

After leaving Chimie-Actualités, Moreno founded his own company,

Vinci.[3]

The smart chip would prove to be Moreno's most important invention. Moreno claimed to have thought of the smart card concept in a

comedic film Take the Money and Run, as Moreno was a huge fan of American film director Woody Allen. He later flipped the letters to RMT as the name of Innovatron's research and development department.[2]

His original idea was for a

European nobility with an upside down microchip and external arms to transfer or read information. However, the idea proved both impractical and unpopular during the 1970s.[1][2] Moreno then simplified the idea, introducing a plastic card with a microchip in 1975.[1] He called it la carte à puce, literally the chip card in English, due to the small chip inserted into the plastic card.[2] Moreno first demonstrated that the smart card could be used in electronic financial transactions in 1976, using a machine which he held together with meccano.[1]

It took approximately eight years for Moreno's smart card to gain widespread use in France due to initial start-up costs. However, the smart card proved a huge success in France in the 1980s, where it became widespread long before other countries. In 1983,

pay phone payment cards. Nine years later, the French consumer banking industry implemented Moreno's microchip on the Carte Bleue, a national debit card system. The invention was slower to come into widespread use in Britain and the United States: American Express did not introduce the smart card-using Blue Card until 1999 and the London transport system did not issue a smart card encrypted card until the 2000s.[1]

Moreno's smart card, and its increased use, was met with criticism from activists and privacy groups. There were concerns, which continue to the present day, that the smart cards could have security flaws or could be used in illegal surveillance. Moreno recognized and acknowledged these concerns, saying that smart cards "have the potential to become

French francs to anyone who could break his security codes within 90 days; no one succeeded.[1]

While Moreno may have lacked international name recognition, his invention made him very wealthy. His company, Innovatron, has made approximately €150m, nearly $192 million, in royalty payments, from the smart card and its licenses.[1] In 2005, Moreno noted, "I can stop anyone on the street in Paris and they'll have at least three smart cards on them.[4]

Other inventions

Moreno was very interested in music, broadcasting and writing. He launched Radio Deliro, a now defunct

Heads or Tails game.[3]

Writings, acting and other pursuits

Moreno wrote several books, including Théorie du Bordel Ambiant, a collection of his ideas and reflections. He also authored books under the literary pseudonym Laure Dynateur, including a cookbook entitled L'Aide-Mémoire du Nouveau Cordon-bleu with more than 2,000 recipes.

comedic film Les Sous-doués en vacances, directed by Claude Zidi, as a "mad inventor" character who invents a "love computer."[2]

Despite his recognitions in France, Moreno, who has been variously described as a "nutty professor", once told the

France Soir newspaper that his greatest hypothetical honor would be a wax likeness of himself in the Musée Grévin.[3]

Personal life and later years

Moreno married Stephany Stolin in December 1976; the couple had two daughters, Marianne and Julia, who survive him.[1] He died in Paris on 29 April 2012, at the age of 66. He had previously suffered a pulmonary embolism in 2008.[2]

Moreno was known to be notoriously homophobic,[5] which he actively defended in online political discussions.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Schofield, Jack (30 April 2012). "Roland Moreno obituary, Smart-card inventor who missed out on global recognition but was a hero in France". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Davison, Phil (4 May 2012). "Roland Moreno: Inventor who missed out on global recognition for his computer chip smart card". The Independent. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
  3. ^
    Radio France International
    . 30 April 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  4. ^
    New York Times
    . Retrieved 24 May 2012.
  5. ^ "Le mariage: une question quand même simple".

External links

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