Rosh yeshiva

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Rosh yeshiva (Hebrew: ראש ישיבה, pl. Hebrew: ראשי ישיבה, roshei yeshiva, rashe yeshiva; Anglicized pl. rosh yeshivas) is the title given to the dean of a yeshiva, a Jewish educational institution that focuses on the study of traditional religious texts, primarily the Talmud and the Torah, and halakha (Jewish law).

The general role of the rosh yeshiva is to oversee the Talmudic studies and

semicha
.

The term is a

chidushim (novellae
) verbally and often in print.

In some institutions, such as YU's Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, the title of rosh yeshiva is given to many rabbis and the dean of the yeshiva is known as the rosh ha-yeshiva.

Role

Further information:
Shiur (Torah) § Class levels

The primary role of the rosh yeshiva is not simply to be the dean, but is generally to give the

highest-level lecture
in the yeshiva, which is usually a program of at least two years. Students who have studied in a yeshiva are generally known as "students of the Rosh Yeshiva", as their lecture is the one in which they usually attain their method of Talmudic analysis and critical reasoning, and this method is based on the particular style of that rosh yeshiva.

In addition, since yeshivas play a central role in the life of certain communities within Orthodox Judaism, the position of rosh yeshiva is more than just the position within the yeshiva. A rosh yeshiva is often seen as a pillar of leadership in extended communities.

In

Litvishe) communities. Hasidic students usually get married at the age of 18, which—in most cases—is the end of their yeshiva education. Students in the Lithuanian Jewish communities typically continue to study until they get married starting at around age 23, with the vast majority continuing their studies in a kollel
after marriage. As a result, the role that a rosh yeshiva plays in Lithuanian Jewish communities is much more important than in the Hasidic ones.

History

Yeshivas continue the scholarly traditions of the sages of the

metivta ("head of the academy" in Aramaic) and had the title of gaon
. Regard for the rosh yeshiva in many ways is the transplantation of Hasidic attitudes in the Lithuanian world.

Dynasties

Depending on the size of the yeshiva, there may be several rosh yeshivas, sometimes from one extended family. There are familial dynasties of rosh yeshivas, for example, the Soloveitchik, Finkel, Feinstein, Kotler, and Kook families, which head many yeshivas in the United States and Israel.

Famous rosh yeshivas

Prior to the Holocaust, most of the large yeshivas were based in Eastern Europe. Presently, the majority of the world's yeshivas and their rosh yeshivas are located in the United States and Israel.

The following is a list of some famous rosh yeshivas:

Rosh mesivta

Main article: Rosh mesivta

The title rosh mesivta (alt. rosh metivta)[1] has a long history, going back many centuries.[2] The role is comparable to a dean in a university.[3]

Mashgiach Ruchani

Main article: Mashgiach ruchani

The personal and ethical development of the students in the yeshiva is usually covered by a different personality, known as the mashgiach or spiritual supervisor. This concept, introduced by the

Mussar movement in the 19th century, led to perfection of character as one of the aims of attending a yeshiva. One typical and influential mashgiach was Rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler
.

See

References

  1. ^ "He was previously RAM (Rosh Metivta) at ..." "The Pardes Kollel Experience - These and Those". February 3, 2014.
  2. ISBN 0967037832
    .
  3. ^ "ROSH MESIVTA: the dean of a MESIVTA." Barukh ben David Lev (2003). There is No Such Thing as Coincidence, And Other Stories.
    ISBN 1583306153
    .
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