Rothschild banking family of Austria
The Rothschild banking family of Austria (
History
Salomon Mayer had been sent to Austria from his home in Frankfurt by his father, Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744–1812). Wanting his sons to succeed on their own and to expand the family business across Europe, Mayer Amschel Rothschild had his eldest son remain in Frankfurt, while his four other sons were sent to different European cities with the mission of establishing a financial institution to invest in business and provide banking services. Endogamy within the family was an essential part of the Rothschild strategy in order to ensure control of their wealth remained in family hands. Through their collaborative efforts, the Rothschilds rose to prominence in a variety of banking endeavours, including loans, government bonds and trading in bullion. Their financing afforded investment opportunities, and during the 19th century, they became major stakeholders in large-scale mining and rail transport ventures that were fundamental to the rapidly expanding industrial economies of Europe.
Salomon von Rothschild established
In 1822, the five Rothschild brothers at the head of the family's banks in various parts of Europe were each granted the hereditary title of
In 1929, the family's Creditanstalt was affected by the banking collapse that brought in the Great Depression.[2]
The Rothschild business empire in Austria was passed down to ensuing generations until the March 13, 1938
Further, in 2001, files involving more than 40,000 papers taken from the Rothschild family in Vienna by the Nazis, were voluntarily returned by the Russian government to them from the State Military Archive in Moscow. The Russian government inherited the papers from the Soviet Union which obtained the papers during the fall of Berlin during World War II. The documents are now part of the Rothschild Archive in London.[3]
With the 2012 death of Bettina Jemima Looram de Rothschild (1924–2012), the second child of Alphonse Mayer de Rothschild, the Austrian branch has become extinct in the male line, although there are numerous descendants through female lines.[4][5][6]
The historian Roman Sandgruber assessed in 2018: "The Austrian line of the family occupies a special position. It is the story of a fairytale rise .. to the largest bank of the Habsburg monarchy and a tragic decline in the economic turmoil of the interwar period and in the robbery of the National Socialists".[7]
Philanthropy
The Austrian Rothschilds and members of the other branches in Europe were all major contributors to causes in aid of the Jewish people. However, many of their philanthropic efforts extended far beyond Jewish ethnic or religious communities. They built hospitals and shelters for the needy, supported cultural institutions and were patrons of individual artists. Their donation of works of art to various galleries has been the largest of any family in history. At present, a research project is underway, by The Rothschild Archive in London, to document the family's philanthropic involvements.[8]
The business success of the Austrian Rothschilds allowed them to become great patrons of the arts and substantial contributors to philanthropic causes that include a major donation in 1844 to help build a polytechnic institution in
Family members
Members of the Rothschild family of Austria include:
- Salomon Mayer von Rothschild (1774-1855), founder of the Austrian branch
- Anselm Salomon von Rothschild (1803-1874)
- Mathilde Hannah von Rothschild(1832-1924)
- Nathaniel Meyer von Rothschild (1836-1905)
- Ferdinand James von Rothschild(1839-1898)
- Albert Salomon Anselm von Rothschild (1844-1911)
- Alphonse Mayer von Rothschild (1878-1942)
- Ludwig (Louis) von Rothschild (1882-1955)
- Eugène Daniel von Rothschild (1884-1976)
- Jeanne Stuart von Rothschild (1908-2003), wife of Eugène
- Alice Charlotte von Rothschild (1847-1922)
- Anselm Salomon von Rothschild (1803-1874)
Rothschild properties
All branches of the Rothschild banking family are famous for their art collections and many for their palatial estates.
- Villa Victoria - Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes, France
- Enzesfeld Castle - Enzesfeld-Lindabrunn, Lower Austria
- Palais Rothschild - the name of several properties in Vienna, all of which were confiscated following the Anschluss
- Schloss Rothschild - Reichenau an der Rax, Lower Austria
- Rothschildschloss - Waidhofen an der Ybbs, Lower Austria
- Schillersdorf Castle - Šilheřovice, Czech Silesia
See also
- Rothschild family
- Rothschild banking family of England
- Rothschild banking family of France
- Rothschild banking family of Naples
References
- ^ Constantin von Wurzbach (1874). Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich (in German). Vienna: Zamarski. p. 120.
- ^ "The Rothschild History from 1914 to 1945". rothschild.com. Retrieved 2010-03-29.
The crash of 1929 brought problems, not least in Austria where Louis von Rothschild struggled hard to shore up the Creditanstalt, Austria's largest bank, to prevent collapse.
- ^ "The Rothschild Archive". Rothschild Archive. Retrieved 2010-03-29.
The papers of the Viennese Rothschilds were seized by the Nazis in 1938, and later taken by the Red Army to Moscow. They were handed to the Rothschild Archive in 2001.
- ^ "The Rothschild Archive :: Genealogy".
- ^ "Bettina Looram obituary". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2021-11-13.
- ^ "Dr. Alphonse Meyer de Rothschild". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 2021-11-13.
- ^ "Rothschild: Glanz und Untergang des Wiener Welthauses eBook : Sandgruber, Roman: Amazon.de: Kindle-Shop". Amazon Germany. Retrieved 2022-08-07.
- ^ "The Rothschild Archive". Rothschild Archive. Retrieved 2010-03-29.
Further reading
- The Rothschilds; a Family Portrait by ISBN 1-56836-220-X(1998 reprint)
- The Rothschilds, a Family of Fortune by ISBN 0-394-48773-7
- A History of the Jews by ISBN 5-551-76858-9
- Rothschild: The Wealth and Power of a Dynasty by ISBN 0-684-19018-4
- House of Rothschild : Money's Prophets: 1798-1848 by ISBN 0-670-85768-8
- The House of Rothschild (vol. 2) : The World's Banker: 1849-1999 by Niall Ferguson. ISBN 0-7567-5393-7
- "The Rothschild Affair: A Test of Austria's Conscience" by Wall Street Journal, July 6, 1999, p. A13 [1]
- Was einmal war - A Handbook of Vienna's Plundered Art Collections by ISBN 3-7076-0049-1
- Castello Velden Rothschild - A castle house in Velden am Wörthersee owned by Rothschild family. Frederick John Edmund von Rothschild the current landowner in Velden am Wörthersee according to Rothschild rankings.
External links
- The Rothschild Archive - an international centre in London for research into the history of the Rothschild family.
- The Musical Associations of the Rothschild Family by Charlotte Henriette de Rothschild