Round goby

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Round goby

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Gobiiformes
Family: Gobiidae
Genus: Neogobius
Species:
N. melanostomus
Binomial name
Neogobius melanostomus
(Pallas, 1814)
Range of the round goby and introduction sites
Synonyms[2][3]
  • Gobius affinis Eichwald, 1831
  • Gobius cephalarges Pallas, 1814
  • Gobius chilo Pallas, 1814
  • Gobius exanthematosus Pallas, 1814
  • Gobius grossholzii Steindachner, 1894
  • Gobius lugens Nordmann, 1840
  • Gobius marmoratus (non Risso or Pallas) Antipa, 1909
  • Gobius melanio Pallas, 1814
  • Gobius melanostomus Pallas, 1814
  • Gobius sulcatus Eichwald, 1831
  • Gobius virescens Pallas, 1814
  • Neogobius cephalarges (Pallas, 1814)
  • Apollonia melanostoma (Pallas, 1814)
  • Ponticola cephalarges (Pallas, 1814)

The round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is a euryhaline bottom-dwelling species of fish of the family Gobiidae. It is native to Central Eurasia, including the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Round gobies have established large non-native populations in the Baltic Sea, several major Eurasian rivers, and the North American Great Lakes.[4]

Characteristics

Round gobies are small, soft-bodied fish characterized by a distinctive black spot on the first dorsal fin. The eyes are large and protrude slightly from the top of the head and, like most gobies, the pelvic fins are fused to form a single disc (shaped like a suction cup) on the belly. Round gobies range in length from 10 to 25 centimetres (4 to 10 inches), with a maximum size of 24.6 cm (9.7 in). They weigh between 5.0 and 79.8 grams (0.176 and 2.816 ounces), their weight increasing with age. Male round gobies are larger than females. Juvenile round gobies (less than one year old) are grey. Upon maturation, round gobies become mottled with grey, black, brown, and olive green markings. Adult male round gobies turn inky black during the spawning season and develop swollen cheeks. Male and female round gobies are easily differentiated by the shape of their urogenital papilla, which in males is white to grey and long and pointed and in females is brown, short, and blunt-tipped. [citation needed]

Distribution and habitat

Round gobies are widespread in the

Çoruh) and in the Caspian Sea, represented by subspecies
Neogobius melanostomus affinis.

Since 1990, the round goby has been registered as

Sarnia, Ontario, fishing the St. Clair River on June 28, 1990. The studies of Jude, Crossman, together with Jude et al. 1995 found a range of sizes between 29 and 180 millimetres (1+1⁄8 and 7+1⁄8 in) in the St. Clair.[6] Round gobies are also rapidly expanding into tributaries of the Great Lakes in North America and were recently discovered in at least one of the Finger Lakes in New York State (Cayuga Lake) and the first round goby was discovered by the state of New York in the Hudson River in 2021.[citation needed
]

Round gobies are euryhaline (salt-tolerant) and live in both freshwater and marine ecosystems, up to a mineralization of 18–24%. They are commonly found on continental shelves with sandy and rocky bottoms with low silting at depths from 1–2 m (3.3–6.6 ft) to 10–17 m (33–56 ft).

Feeding

Round gobies actively feed both

molluscs (Mytilaster lineatus and Abra sp.).[9]

In the

mussels
M. galloprovincialis and M. lineatus are important in all seasons.

Reproduction

Round goby eggs on rocks, Dniester Estuary, Ukraine

Female round gobies reach sexual maturity in one to two years while males do so in three to four years. Gobies in the

Laurentian Great Lakes typically mature up to one year earlier than in their native habitat in Europe. Females can spawn
up to six times during the spawning season, which spans April to September in most areas.

Males will migrate from deeper water, where overwintering occurs, into shallower breeding grounds during the beginning of the mating season. They then release a steroid sex pheromone that attracts females to their territory. Males also use visual displays, including posturing and changing color from beige to black during mating season, and can produce sounds during courtship. The females deposit their eggs in male-guarded crevices between rocks. Eggs are 4 by 2.2 mm (0.16 by 0.087 in) in size, while egg clutches can contain up to five thousand eggs. Males are territorial and will defend eggs from predators as well as continuously fan them to provide the developing embryos with oxygenated water. This results in successful hatch rates of up to 95%.

Invasive species

Round goby from the Great Lakes, United States

The species was accidentally introduced into the North American Great Lakes by way of ballast water transfer in cargo ships. First discovered in North America in the

mussels
), shelter, and nesting sites, substantially reducing their numbers. Round gobies are also voracious predators of eggs of native fish, many of them important to the angling industry. The goby's robust ability to survive in degraded environmental conditions has helped to increase its competitive advantage compared to native species.

Many native predatory fish such as

foodwebs, coupled with the goby's ability to consume large numbers of invasive mussels (zebra and quagga), may result in greater bioaccumulation of toxins such as PCBs higher in the food chain, since these mussels filter-feed and are known to accumulate persistent contaminants. However, this is partly beneficial because even though they do not reduce the population of zebra mussels, they do control their population. Hence, it prevents a large-scale spread of the zebra mussel, which is also an invasive species in the Great Lakes. Another unintended benefit of the round goby's introduction is that the Lake Erie watersnake, once listed as a threatened species, has found the goby to be a tasty addition to its diet. A recent study found the introduced fish now accounts for up to 90% of the snake's diet. The new food supply means that the water snake is now staging a comeback.[13] Round gobies also serve as food for a variety of predatory fishes in the Great Lakes, including bass, lake trout, lake whitefish, burbot, lake sturgeon, and walleye.[14]

The round goby is also considered invasive in parts of Europe. This process was started by its introduction to the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea) in 1990.[15] Locations recently invaded by round gobies include the Aegean Sea,[16] different parts of the Baltic Sea,[17] the North Sea basin,[18] and the Danube and Rhine basins.[19][20] In the German part of the Baltic Sea this fish was first noted near Rügen Island.[21] It is now distributed all along the southwestern Baltic Sea coast, including Stettiner Haff (Szczecin Lagoon), the Unterwarnow (Warnow river estuary), the mouth of the Trave, and the Nord-Ostsee (Kiel) Canal.

As of 2010, the westernmost site of round goby occurrence in Europe was the lower

Moselle River.[23]

Parasites

In total, fifty-two

ducklings.[28]

In the Gulf of Gdańsk, Baltic Sea, the parasites of the invasive round goby consist of twelve species.

nematodes Hysterothylacium aduncum and Anguillicoloides crassus.[31]

Twenty-five species of parasites are noted in the round goby in the American Great Lakes.

metacercariae of N. umbellus from completing their life cycle.[36]
The parasite "load" on the invasive gobies in the Great Lakes appears relatively low in comparison with their native habitats, lending support to the "enemy release hypothesis".

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T14524A4442374.en
    . Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  2. ^ "Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814)". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  3. ISBN 978-954-9746-29-7
    . Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  4. ^
    PMID 22268429
    .
  5. doi:10.1139/f92-047
    .
  6. OCLC 38041117
    .
  7. flatfishes
    ,
    anglerfishes [in:] Fauna of Ukraine, Vol. 8, No 5, Kyiv
    : Naukova Dumka, 320 pp. (in Russian)
  8. ^ Porumb I.I. (1961) Contribuţii la cunoşterea biologiei guvisilor (Gobius batrachocephalus, Gobius cephalarges şi Gobius melanostomus) din dreptul litoralului Romînesc al Mării Neagre (date preliminare), Hidrobiologia, 3, 271–282.
  9. ^ Khirina V.A. (1950) Materialy po pitaniju nekotoryh bentosnyh ryb v pribrezhnoj zone Chernogo moria u Karadaga. Trudy Karadagskoy biologicheskoy stantsii, No 10: 53–65.
  10. ^ Kvach, Y.; Zamorov, V. (2001). "Feeding preferences of the round goby Neogobius melanostomus and mushroom goby Neogobius cephalarges in the Odessa Bay". Oceanological Studies. 30 (3–4): 91–101.
  11. S2CID 24355546
    .
  12. ^ Lydersen, Karl (May 26, 2011). "The Round Goby, an Uninvited Resident of the Great Lakes, Is Doing Some Good". The New York Times. Retrieved May 27, 2011. their ecological impact has not been devastating, but complicated — even beneficial in some cases.
  13. ^ Williams, Rebecca (producer). "Ten Threats: Natives Bite Back". The Environment Report, October 10, 2005. Accessed 11 February 2010.
  14. S2CID 40123286
    .
  15. ^ Skóra K.E., Stolarski J. (1993) New fish species in the Gulf of Gdańsk Neogobius sp. [cf. Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas 1811)]. Bull. Sea Fisheries Inst., 1(128): 83.
  16. ^ Eryilmaz L. (2002) A new fish record for the Aegean Sea: round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) (Gobiidae). Israel J. Zool., 48: 251–252.
  17. S2CID 12882124
    .
  18. doi:10.3391/ai.2006.1.1.10
    .
  19. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2005.00688.x
    .
  20. doi:10.3391/ai.2009.4.2.24
    .
  21. ^ Winkler, H.M. (2006). "Die Fischfauna der südlichen Ostsee". Meeresangler-Magazin. 16: 17–18.
  22. doi:10.3750/aip2011.41.2.11
    .
  23. ^ Manné S.; Poulet N.; Dembski S. (2013). "Colonisation of the Rhine basin by non-native gobiids: an update of the situation in France" (PDF). Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems. 411 (2).
  24. ^ Kvach Y. (2002). "Round goby's parasites in native habitats and in a place of invasion". Oceanological Studies. 31 (1–2): 51–57.
  25. doi:10.3750/AIP2005.35.2.06
    .
  26. ^ Youssef M.M.; Mansour N.S.; Awadalla H.N.; Hammouda N.A.; Khalifa R.; Boulos L.M. (1987). "Heterophyid parasite of man from Idku, Maryat and Manzala Lakes areas in Egypt". J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol. 17: 474–479.
  27. PMID 19312928
    .
  28. ^ Kovalenko I.I. (1960) "Izucenie cikla razvitiâ nekotoryh gel’mintov domasnih utok v hozâjstvah na Azovskom poberez’e". Doklady AN SSSR, 133(5): 1259–1261. (In Russian)
  29. S2CID 2945139
    .
  30. ^ Kvach Y. (2004). "The Far-Eastern nematode Anguillicola crassus – new parasite of the invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus in the Baltic Sea". Vestnik Zoologii. 38 (2): 38.
  31. ^ Rolbiecki L. (2006). "Parasites of the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1811), an invasive species in the Polish fauna of the Vistula Lagoon ecosystem" (PDF). Oceanologia. 48: 545–561.
  32. ^ Camp J.W.; Blaney L.M.; Barnes D.K. (1999). "Helminths of the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus (Perciformes: Gobiidae), from Southern Lake Michigan, Indiana" (PDF). J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 66: 70–72.
  33. ^ Muzzall P.M.; Peebles C.R.; Thomas M.V. (1995). "Parasites of the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus, and tubenose goby, Proterorhinus marmoratus (Perciformes: Gobiidae), from the St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair, Michigan" (PDF). J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 62 (2): 226–228.
  34. PMID 9229568
    .
  35. S2CID 54784967
    .
  36. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.01024.x
    .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Neogobius melanostomus.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Round_goby&oldid=1216636783"