Route 443 (Israel–Palestine)
Route 443 | ||||
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כביש 443 | ||||
Ascent of Bethoron Hebrew: מעלה בית חורון, romanized: Ma'ale Beit Horon | ||||
Route information | ||||
Length | 28.3 km (17.6 mi) | |||
Major junctions | ||||
West end | Ginaton Junction | |||
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East end | Giv'at Ze'ev Junction | |||
Location | ||||
Country | Israel | |||
Major cities | Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, Giv'at Ze'ev | |||
Highway system | ||||
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Route 443 (
Route
Route 443 begins as a local street near downtown
The road in antiquity
The road was used during many battles in antiquity due to its unique geography. It is mentioned in several ancient writings.
- In Land of Canaan.
- In 1 Samuel (1 Samuel 13:18), the road is used during a battle between the Israelites and the Philistines.
- It is also mentioned in Macabees and the Seleucid Empire.
- Later, it is the Wars of the Jews (Bk II, Ch 19, paragraphs 2 & 8).
As opposed to the modern Highway 1, which twists and turns, rises and falls between mountains and valleys on its way to Jerusalem through the
Use by Palestinian traffic
The route crosses into the
Several access roads connecting Palestinian villages with this section of Route 443 were closed in September 2000 due to the outbreak of the Second Intifada.[1] Frequent fire bomb attacks and fatal shootings on Israeli traffic saw the erection of anti-sniper barricades on parts of the highway adjacent to Palestinian-populated areas.[2][3][4][5]
In March 2008, following a challenge by the Association for Civil Rights in Israel, Israel's Supreme Court permitted for six more months the right of the IDF to limit Palestinian traffic in this section, deeming the restrictions necessary to prevent attacks.[6][7] On December 29, 2009 Israel's High Court of Justice upheld the ACRI's petition against an IDF order barring Palestinian traffic.[8] The ruling became effective May 28, 2010, and unrestricted Palestinian traffic was again permitted.[9]
Junctions and Interchanges (West to East)
District[10] | Location[11] | km | mi | Name | Destinations | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central | Lod | 0 | 0.0 | צומת גינתון (Ginaton Junction) | Highway 40 | |
Ben Shemen | 0.8 | 0.50 | צומת בן שמן (Ben Shemen Junction) | Derech HaZayit | ||
Ginaton | 1 | 0.62 | Derech HaRimon | |||
Ben Shemen Youth Village | 1.6 | 0.99 | כפר הנוער בן שמן (Ben Shemen Youth Village) | Access Road | ||
Ben Shemen Forest | 3.3 | 2.1 | צומת מודיעים (Modi'im Junction) | Route 444 | ||
3.4 | 2.1 | צומת גמזו (Gimzo Junction) | Road 4314 | |||
Neot Kedumim | 5 | 3.1 | צומת נאות קדומים (Neot Kedumim Junction) | Access road (Westbound only) | ||
6 | 3.7 | צומת קדומים דרום (South Kedumim Junction) | Access road to Neot Kedumim (Eastbound only) | |||
Mevo Modi'im | Entrance road to Mevo Modi'im (Westbound only) | |||||
8.7 | 5.4 | צומת מבוא מודיעים (Mevo Modi'im Junction) | Entrance road (Eastbound only) | |||
Modi'in | 10.2 | 6.3 | צומת מכבים (Maccabim Junction) | Road 4466 (Westbound only) | ||
11 | 6.8 | צומת מודיעין מערב (West Modi'in Junction) | Yehuda Hamaccabi St. | |||
Route 446 | ||||||
Modi'in | 13 | 8.1 | צומת מודיעין מזרח (East Modi'in Junction) | HaHashmonayim Avenue | ||
14.3 | 8.9 | צומת מכבים-רעות (Maccabim-Re'ut Junction) | Derech Yair Parag | |||
Green Line | ||||||
Judea and Samaria | Saffa | 16 | 9.9 | צומת ספא (Saffa Junction) | Open to Palestinians only | |
Maccabim Security Checkpoint NO westbound through-traffic for green (Palestinian Authority) license plates | ||||||
Judea and Samaria | Beit Sira | 16.1 | 10.0 | צומת בית חורון (Saffa Junction) | Open to Palestinians only | |
19.8 | 12.3 | מחלף עור א-תחתא (Ur Al-Tahta Interchange) | Road 4430 | |||
Beit Ur al-Fauqa | 22.3 | 13.9 | צומת מעלה בית חורון (Ma'ale Beit Horon Junction) | Road 4437 | ||
At-Tira | 23.4 | 14.5 | מחלף בית חורון (Beit Horon Interchange) | Road 4432 | ||
Ofer Security Checkpoint NO eastbound through-traffic for green (Palestinian Authority) license plates | ||||||
Route 436 | ||||||
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |
References
- ^ Akiva Eldar (September 26, 2006). "The law as roadkill on Highway 443". Haaretz.
- ^ Yaakov Katz (2007-04-17). "4 Israelis wounded in drive-by shooting". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
- ^ Israeli driver killed in ambush near Givat Ze'ev Archived 2008-05-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Couple shot dead in ambush, children lightly hurt Archived 2008-05-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Two murdered in terror attacks Archived 2007-09-21 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Dan Izenberg (March 4, 2008). "Barring Palestinians from Highway 443 prevents attacks on Israel, court hints". The Jerusalem Post.
- ^ Ethan Bronner (2008-03-28). "A road becomes a dividing line in the West Bank". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
- ^ "Association for Civil Rights in Israel (ACRI)Route 443: Fact Sheet and Timeline |". law.acri.org.il. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
- ^ Survey of Israel (October 31, 2018). "מחוזות משרד הפנים" [Ministry of Interior districts] (Map). Govmap (in Hebrew). Retrieved October 31, 2018.
- ^ Survey of Israel (October 31, 2018). "גבולות ישובים" [Locality borders] (Map). Govmap (in Hebrew). Retrieved October 31, 2018.