Royal Greenland Trading Department
The Royal Greenland Trading Department (
Following the introduction of
History
The Royal Greenland Trading Department was founded in 1774 as a successor to the failed
At first, it possessed a monopoly on trade near the Danish trading stations and missions but, in 1776, this was expanded to a monopoly on all trade in Greenland whatsoever between the
Repeated attempts to end the department's monopoly on trade were defeated, notably by an impassioned defense of the company's practices by its director
Fleet
The Royal Greenland Trading Department began with a gift of three ships from the king: the large frigate Kongens Gave ("King's Gift"), the smaller frigate Holsteinsborg, and the galiot Den Gloende.[4] In 1776, its fleet consisted of the Bernstorff, the Eichsted, the Godthaab, the Holsteinsborg, the Island, the Kongenshaab, the Krag Juul Wind, the Lovisenborg, the Mariakirke, the Sankt Croix, the Sankt Peter, the Schack Rathlau, the Schimmelmann, Skatmester, the Strat Davis, and the Taasinge Slot.[4] The next year, only 10 vessels returned: the Bernstorff, the Eichsted, the Gregers Juul, the Guldberg, the Holsteinsborg, the Kongenshaab, the Krag Juul Wind, the Schack Rathlau, the Schack, and the Schimmelmann, Skatmester.[4]
In 1781, a royal order granted a number of privileges to crew members of the Royal Greenland fleet. They were made exempt from regular military service except for times of utter need. Furthermore, crew members were freed from any civil obligations, which included tax-free trading for personal provisioning before and after a voyage and a deferral of heritage fees for the families of crew members deceased during a voyage.[5]
The Department began purchasing its own trading vessels again in 1790.[6] Ships operated by the trading department included the Mariane, Tjalfe, Godthaab, Gertrud Rask, Gustav Holm,[3] and Ceres.[7] From 1792, the armed vessel Dorothea served as a coastal patrol in northern Greenland in order to prevent illegal trading between the Inuit and foreign ships and to discourage whaling by other nations in the area.[5] The department also operated the commercial whaler s/s Sonja between 1924 and 1958, with a six-year hiatus during World War II.[8]
Disestablishment
The company's monopoly was finally ended in 1950,
See also
- Danish colonization of Greenland
- List of inspectors of Greenland
- Hinrich Rink
- List of trading companies
- KNI
- Royal Arctic Line
References
- ^ a b c Marquardt, Ole. "Change and Continuity in Denmark's Greenland Policy" in The Oldenburg Monarchy: An Underestimated Empire?. Verlag Ludwig (Kiel), 2006.
- ^ Seiding, Inge. "Colonial Categories of Rule – Mixed Marriages and Families in Greenland around 1800". Kontur, No. 22 (2011).
- ^ a b c Doody, Richard. The World at War. "GREENLAND 1721 - 1953". Accessed 28 Apr 2012.
- ^ a b c Fogsgaard. Dansk hvalfangst i Nordatlanten 1771 - 1789. 2003. (in Danish)
- ^ ISBN 978-3-924422-95-0.
- ^ Culture Greenland. "Preliminary Studies in KGH's Photo-Archive Archived 2012-03-06 at the Wayback Machine." Sisimiut Museum. Accessed 2 May 2012.
- ^ Meddelelser om Grønland. "Den østgrønlandske Expedition undført i Aarene 1883–85". (in Danish)
- ^ WSPA. "Exploding Myths: An exposé of the commercial elements of Greenlandic Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling". 2008. Accessed 2 May 2012.
- ^ a b Royal Greenland. "Our History Archived 2012-05-26 at the Wayback Machine". Accessed 27 August 2010.
- ^ MIPI. "Pilersuisoq KNI A/S". Accessed 2 May 2012. (in Danish)
- ^ Dahl, Jens. Saqqaq: An Inuit Hunting Community in the Modern World. Univ. of Toronto Press, 2000.
- ^ Culture Greenland. "Preliminary Studies in KGH's Photo-Archive Archived 2012-03-06 at the Wayback Machine". Accessed 2 May 2012.
- ^ KNI. "Kort historie om KNI Archived 2012-04-23 at the Wayback Machine [A Short History of KNI]". Accessed 28 Apr 2012. (in Danish)
- ^ Royal Arctic Lines. "Royal Arctic Line Ltd.: History". Accessed 28 Apr 2012.
- ^ Pisiffik. "Om os Archived 2010-07-29 at the Wayback Machine". Accessed 28 Aug 2010. (in Danish)
External links
- Media related to Den Kongelige Grønlandske Handel at Wikimedia Commons