Rouran language
(Redirected from
Ruan-ruan language
)
| Rouran | |
|---|---|
| Ruanruan, Ruan-ruan, Juan-juan | |
| Native to | northern China |
| Era | 4th century AD – 6th century AD |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | None |
Rouran (
northern China, spoken in the Rouran Khaganate from the 4th to the 6th centuries AD, considered a likely early precursor to Mongolic.[1]
Middle Mongolian.[1] Pamela Kyle Crossley (2019) wrote that the Rouran language itself has remained a puzzle, and leading linguists consider it a possible isolate.[5]
Phonology
Features of Rouran included:[2]
- no mid vowels
- presence of initial l-
- final consonantal cluster -nd unusual for any "Altaic" languages
Morphology
Rouran had the feminine gender suffix -tu-.[2]
Lexicon
Rouran vocabulary included:[2][1]
- küskü – 'rat'
- ud – 'ox'
- luu – 'dragon' < Middle Chinese luŋ – 'dragon'
- yund – 'horse' <
- laγzïn – 'pig'
- qaγan – 'emperor'
- qan – 'khan'
- qaγatun – 'empress'
- qatun – 'khan's wife'
- aq – 'dung'
- and – 'oath' < Old Turkic: 𐰦, romanized: ant 'oath'
- beg – 'elder'
- bitig – 'inscription'
- bod – 'people'
- drö – 'law'
- küǰü – 'strength' < Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰲, romanized: küč 'strength, power'
- ordu – 'camp'
- tal- – 'to plunder'
- törö – 'to be born'
- türǖg – 'Turk'
References
- ^ S2CID 198833565.
- ^ a b c d e Vovin, Alexander (3–5 December 2010). "Once Again on the Ruanruan Language". Ötüken'den İstanbul'a Türkçenin 1290 Yılı (720–2010) Sempozyumu From Ötüken to Istanbul, 1290 Years of Turkish (720–2010).
- ^ Christopher P., Atwood (2013). "Some Early Inner Asian Terms Related to the Imperial Family and the Comitatus". Central Asiatic Journal. 56. Harrassowitz Verlag: 49–86.
- ISSN 0008-9192.
- ^ Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2019). Hammer and Anvil: Nomad Rulers at the Forge of the Modern World. p. 49.
- Clarendon Press. p. 946.