Rudolf Trenkel
Rudolf Trenkel | |
---|---|
JG 52 | |
Battles/wars | World War II |
Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |
Rudolf Trenkel (17 January 1918 – 26 April 2001) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II. As a flying ace, he was credited with 138 victories and was a recipient of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.
Career
Trenkel served in
Squadron leader
On 15 August 1944, Trenkel was appointed
On 16 October 1944, JG 52 lost six aircraft in combat with the French
Trenkel and other soldiers of JG 52 surrendered to the
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Trenkel was credited with 138 aerial victories.[7] Spick also lists Trenkel with 138 aerial victories claimed in over 500 combat missions, all but one on the Eastern Front.[8] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 138 aerial victory claims, plus three further unconfirmed claims. This figure includes 131 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and one Western Allies four-engined bomber.[9]
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 59191". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This and the ♠ (
ace-in-a-day ", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day. This and the – (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Trenkel did not receive credit.
This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Balke, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
| |||||||||
Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 77 –[11] Eastern Front — March 1942 | |||||||||
1 | 26 March 1942 | 15:02 | I-153 | ||||||
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[11] Eastern Front — June 1942 | |||||||||
2 | 2 June 1942 | 12:37 | I-16[12] | 3 | 22 June 1942 | 11:58 | Yak-1[12] | ||
– 2. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[13] 19 May 1942 – 3 February 1943 | |||||||||
4 | 29 June 1942 | 18:15 | MiG-3[14] | 21 | 2 November 1942 | 10:32 | R-5 | PQ 59191[15] | |
5 | 1 July 1942 | 14:23 | MiG-3[14] | 22 | 2 November 1942 | 10:33?[Note 1] | R-5 | PQ 59191[17] | |
6 | 12 July 1942 | 10:50 | LaGG-3[18] | 23 | 30 November 1942 | 07:15 | U-2 | PQ 01242[17] | |
— [Note 2]
|
4 August 1942 | —
|
LaGG-3 | 24 | 11 December 1942 | 11:10 | R-5 | PQ 01563[17] | |
— [Note 2]
|
8 August 1942 | —
|
Pe-2 | 25♠[Note 3] | 17 December 1942 | —
|
Il-2[17] | ||
— [Note 2]
|
12 August 1942 | —
|
Yak-1 | 26♠[Note 3] | 17 December 1942 | —
|
Il-2[17] | ||
7 | 27 August 1942 | 14:23 | LaGG-3 | PQ 46332[19] west of Dzhankoi |
27♠[Note 3] | 17 December 1942 | —
|
Il-2[17] | |
8 | 2 September 1942 | 08:30 | LaGG-3 | PQ 46253[19] | 28♠[Note 3] | 17 December 1942 | —
|
Il-2[17] | |
9 | 2 September 1942 | 13:00 | LaGG-3 | 4 km (2.5 mi) northwest of Karmanovo[19] | 29♠[Note 3] | 17 December 1942 | —
|
Il-2[17] | |
10 | 10 September 1942 | 12:13 | Il-2 | PQ 47763[20] north of Taganaja |
30♠[Note 3] | 17 December 1942 | —
|
Il-2[17] | |
11 | 2 October 1942 | 11:44 | Il-2 | PQ 49294 Stalingrad
|
31 | 21 December 1942 | 13:40 | Il-2 | PQ 01571[17] |
12 | 9 October 1942 | 12:50 | Il-2 | PQ 49124[21] 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Stalingrad |
32 | 21 December 1942 | 13:42 | Il-2 | PQ 01583[17] |
13 | 9 October 1942 | 12:55 | Il-2 | PQ 49122[21] vicinity of Grebenka |
33 | 21 December 1942 | 13:43 | Il-2 | 12 km (7.5 mi) east of Kasinko[17] |
14 | 11 October 1942 | 06:27 | Il-2 | PQ 49122[21] 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Gumrak |
34 | 21 December 1942 | 13:44 | Il-2 | 12 km (7.5 mi) east of Kasinko[17] |
15 | 26 October 1942 | 14:04 | Il-2 | PQ 49361[15] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Stalingrad |
35 | 27 December 1942 | 06:58 | Pe-2 | PQ 01754[17] |
16 | 26 October 1942 | 14:09 | Il-2 | PQ 49362[15] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Stalingrad |
36 | 29 December 1942 | 09:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 00314[17] |
17 | 26 October 1942 | 14:11 | Il-2 | PQ 49382[15] 25 km (16 mi) south of Bassargino |
37 | 29 December 1942 | 12:18 | La-5 | PQ 01411[17] |
18 | 27 October 1942 | 08:35 | Il-2 | PQ 49124[15] 5 km (3.1 mi) east of Stalingrad |
38 | 26 January 1943 | 12:30 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 72234[22] |
19 | 27 October 1942 | 16:21 | La-5 | PQ 49412[15] 5 km (3.1 mi) east of Stalingrad |
39 | 29 January 1943 | 09:15 | Il-2 | PQ 73752[22] |
20 | 29 October 1942 | 11:28 | LaGG-3 | PQ 49282[15] 20–30 km (12–19 mi) east of Stalingrad |
40 | 29 January 1943 | 09:17 | Il-2 | PQ 73733[22] |
– 2. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[13] Eastern Front — 4 February – 31 December 1943 | |||||||||
41 | 26 March 1943 | 15:25 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 81742[23] 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Urazovo |
70 | 30 May 1943 | 15:35 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 85141, 5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of Krymskaja[24] east of Krymsk |
42 | 27 March 1943 | 16:02 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 62721[23] | 71 | 31 May 1943 | 08:12 | Spitfire | PQ 34 Ost 86744[24] vicinity of Trojzkaja |
43 | 28 March 1943 | 10:20 | La-5 | PQ 35 Ost 71851[23] 25 km (16 mi) west-southwest of Valuyki |
72 | 31 May 1943 | 11:09 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 75232, north of Krymskaja[24] 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Krasnyi Lyman |
44 | 9 April 1943 | 08:55 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 86574[25] northwest of Sslaeanskaja |
73 | 2 June 1943 | 04:43 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 85112, north of Krymskaja[24] north of Mertschanskaja |
45 | 11 April 1943 | 12:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 86782[25] north of Mingrelskaya |
74 | 2 June 1943 | 13:27 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 85112, north of Krymskaja[24] north of Mertschanskaja |
46♠ | 16 April 1943 | 07:31?[Note 5] | LaGG-3 | vicinity of Cholmskaja[25] | 75 | 2 June 1943 | 13:28 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 85121[24] vicinity of Sswobodnyj |
47♠ | 16 April 1943 | 10:50 | LaGG-3 | east of Krymskaja[25] southeast of Tscherkassowski |
76 | 2 June 1943 | 17:52 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 75234, 2 km (1.2 mi) west of Krymskaja[26] vicinity of Krymsk |
48♠ | 16 April 1943 | 10:54?[Note 6] | LaGG-3 | east of Krymskaja[25] | 77 | 13 October 1943 | 10:15 | Yak-9 | PQ 34 Ost 58152, 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Zaporizhia[27] northeast of Zaporizhia |
49♠ | 16 April 1943 | 11:00 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 8519, 5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of Achtyrskaja[25] | 78 | 13 October 1943 | 10:17 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 58153, 1 km (0.62 mi) east of Zaporizhia[27] northeast of Zaporizhia |
50♠ | 16 April 1943 | 11:46 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 76762[25] vicinity of Bolschoj Rasnokol |
79 | 13 October 1943 | 10:18 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 58154, 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Zaporizhia[27] northeast of Zaporizhia |
51 | 17 April 1943 | 11:10 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 7546[25] southeast of Novorossiysk |
80 | 14 October 1943 | 05:19 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 58152, northeast of Zaporizhia[27] northeast of Zaporizhia |
52 | 26 April 1943 | 14:01 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 85722[25] vicinity of Sswobodnyj |
81 | 14 October 1943 | 11:50 | Yak-9 | PQ 34 Ost 58192[27] 15 km (9.3 mi) east-southeast of Zaporizhia |
53 | 26 April 1943 | 14:04 | Yak-1 | PQ 34 Ost 85761[25] vicinity of Nowenjkij |
82 | 15 October 1943 | 05:55 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 58153, east of Zaporizhia[27] northeast of Zaporizhia |
54 | 29 April 1943 | 10:02 | Pe-2 | PQ 35 Ost 61394[25] 20 km (12 mi) south-southwest of Bely Kolodez |
83 | 15 October 1943 | 10:35 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 58131[27] 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Zaporizhia |
55 | 7 May 1943 | 04:22 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 71714[25] vicinity of Bely Kolodez |
84 | 15 October 1943 | 13:58 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 58351[27] 20 km (12 mi) south-southeast of Zaporizhia |
56 | 7 May 1943 | 18:19 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 61723, vicinity of Bely Kolodez[25] 20 km (12 mi) east-southeast of Zolochev |
85 | 22 October 1943 | 06:34 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 58534[27] vicinity of Wassilijewka |
57 | 7 May 1943 | 18:21 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 60131, vicinity of Bely Kolodez Kharkov
|
86 | 22 October 1943 | 06:36 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 58563[27] Kalinowka |
58 | 7 May 1943 | 18:24 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 60212, 20 km (12 mi) north of Chuhuiv[25] 25 km (16 mi) east of Kharkov |
87 | 22 October 1943 | 14:55 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 58361[27] 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Zaporizhia |
59 | 9 May 1943 | 06:25 | MiG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 98872[24] 25 km (16 mi) west-southwest of Azov |
88♠ | 23 October 1943 | 12:05 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 59744[28] 30 km (19 mi) north of Zaporizhia |
60 | 9 May 1943 | 12:30 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 98731[24] 15 km (9.3 mi) north of Azov |
89♠ | 23 October 1943 | 12:07 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 59743[28] 30 km (19 mi) north of Zaporizhia |
61 | 11 May 1943 | 18:05 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 61495[24] 25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Belgorod |
90♠ | 23 October 1943 | 14:02 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 59753[28] 35 km (22 mi) north-northeast of Zaporizhia |
62 | 23 May 1943 | 04:50 | MBR-2 | PQ 34 Ost 85594[24] Black Sea, south of Gelendzhik |
91♠ | 23 October 1943 | 15:21 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 59751, 35 km (22 mi) north-northeast of Zaporizhia[28] |
63 | 24 May 1943 | 16:52 | Boston | PQ 34 Ost 86822[24] east of Woronowskaja |
92♠ | 23 October 1943 | 15:24 | Il-2 | PQ 59754 35 km (22 mi) north-northeast of Zaporizhia[28] |
64 | 26 May 1943 | 05:11 | Boston | PQ 34 Ost 85123, 5 km (3.1 mi) north of Abinskaja[24] east of Mertschanskaja |
93 | 24 October 1943 | 15:20 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 57152[28] 3 km (1.9 mi) northwest of Melitopol |
65 | 26 May 1943 | 05:16 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 85172, 6 km (3.7 mi) south of Abinskaja[24] southwest of Abinsk |
94 | 27 October 1943 | 06:10 | La-5 | PQ 34 Ost 57773[28] 15 km (9.3 mi) west of Fedorowka |
66 | 26 May 1943 | 09:42 | P-39 | PQ 34 Ost 85144[24] vicinity of Abinsk |
95 | 27 October 1943 | 06:15 | Yak-9 | PQ 34 Ost 57744[28] 20 km (12 mi) west of Melitopol |
67 | 30 May 1943 | 15:28 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 75262, 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Krymskaja[24] south of Krymsk |
96 | 28 October 1943 | 08:05 | Yak-9 | PQ 34 Ost 47332[28]10 km (6.2 mi) west of Ivanovka |
68 | 30 May 1943 | 15:30 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 76892, east of Kijewskoje[24] Sea of Azov, 30 km (19 mi) east-southeast of Mariupol |
97 | 28 October 1943 | 10:58 | Yak-9 | PQ 34 Ost 47328[28] northeast of Agaiman |
69 | 30 May 1943 | 15:31 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 75234, 3 km (1.9 mi) west of Krymskaja[24] vicinity of Krymsk |
98 | 1 November 1943 | 10:15 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 34 Ost 66731[28] east of Elitgen |
– I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[29] Eastern Front — July 1944 | |||||||||
99 | 13 July 1944 | 17:35 | La-5 | PQ 25 Ost 51711[30] 15 km (9.3 mi) north of Brody |
107 | 18 July 1944 | 20:05 | Yak-7 | PQ 25 Ost 42851[30] 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Kobryn |
100 | 14 July 1944 | 05:35 | P-39 | PQ 25 Ost 51524[30] 30 km (19 mi) south of Lutsk |
108♠ | 19 July 1944 | 13:40 | Yak-7 | PQ 25 Ost 42573[30] 25 km (16 mi) west-northwest of Liuboml |
101 | 14 July 1944 | 17:55 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 50189[30] 25 km (16 mi) east of Zolochiv |
109♠ | 19 July 1944 | 16:44 | P-39 | PQ 25 Ost 32699[30] 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Chełm |
102 | 15 July 1944 | 15:14 | Yak-7 | PQ 25 Ost 51548[30] 30 km (19 mi) north of Brody |
110♠ | 19 July 1944 | 16:49 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 42713[30] vicinity of Liuboml |
103 | 15 July 1944 | 16:58 | Yak-7 | PQ 25 Ost 41414[30] 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Włodzimierz |
111♠ | 19 July 1944 | 19:48 | Yak-7 | PQ 25 Ost 42777[30] 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Włodzimierz |
104 | 15 July 1944 | 17:05 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 41447[30] 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Włodzimierz |
112♠ | 19 July 1944 | 19:50 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 42767[30] 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Liuboml |
105 | 16 July 1944 | 17:45 | P-39 | PQ 25 Ost 51575[30] 20 km (12 mi) north of Brody |
113 | 21 July 1944 | 15:42?[Note 7] | P-39 | PQ 25 Ost 40432[31] 20 km (12 mi) south-southwest of Lviv |
106 | 17 July 1944 | 18:05 | P-39 | PQ 25 Ost 41796[30] 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Busk |
|||||
– 2. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[32] Eastern Front — September 1944 – April 1945 | |||||||||
114 | 12 September 1944 | 16:10 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 10361[33] 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Jasło |
127♠ | 15 October 1944 | 14:11 | Boston | PQ 25 Ost 13347[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Pristina |
115 | 12 September 1944 | 16:12 | Il-2 | PQ 25 Ost 10391[33] 20 km (12 mi) south of Jasło |
128 | 16 October 1944 | 10:45 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 13154[34] 30 km (19 mi) south of Pristina |
116 | 13 September 1944 | 11:35?[Note 8] | B-17 | PQ 15 Ost 90452[33] 35 km (22 mi) southwest of Kraków |
129 | 16 October 1944 | 13:05 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4]?[Note 9] | PQ 25 Ost 13126[34] 20 km (12 mi) east-northeast of Trepca |
117 | 21 September 1944 | 15:32 | Yak-9 | PQ 25 Ost 10696[33] 35 km (22 mi) south-southwest of Sanok |
130 | 17 October 1944 | 08:00 | Pe-2 | PQ 25 Ost 25444[34] 15 km (9.3 mi) west of Turnu Severin |
118 | 21 September 1944 | 17:54 | La-5 | PQ 25 Ost 10665[33] 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Sanok |
131 | 27 October 1944 | 15:10 | Yak-3 | PQ 25 Ost 25583[35] 25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Majdanpek |
119 | 22 September 1944 | 11:30 | Yak-4 | PQ 25 Ost 10835[33] | 132 | 27 October 1944 | 15:13 | Yak-3 | PQ 25 Ost 25581[35] |
120 | 22 September 1944 | 11:33 | Yak-4 | PQ 25 Ost 10862[33] 45 km (28 mi) southwest of Sanok |
133 | 16 February 1945 | 10:45 | Il-2[36] | |
121 | 14 October 1944 | 14:41 | Yak-9 | PQ 25 Ost 13143[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Trepca |
134 | 19 February 1945 | 15:10 | Pe-2[36] | |
122♠ | 15 October 1944 | 08:15 | Yak-9 | PQ 25 Ost 13345[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Pristina |
135 | 19 February 1945 | 15:15 | Pe-2[36] | |
123♠ | 15 October 1944 | 08:17 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 13348[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Pristina |
136 | 20 February 1945 | 13:05 | Yak-9[36] | |
124♠ | 15 October 1944 | 10:21 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 13344[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Pristina |
137 | 25 February 1945 | 16:05 | Yak-9[36] | |
125♠ | 15 October 1944 | 10:24 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 13342[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Pristina |
138 | 11 March 1945 | —
|
Yak-9[36] | |
126♠ | 15 October 1944 | 10:26 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 4] | PQ 25 Ost 13376[34] 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Pristina |
Awards
- Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st Class[37]
- German Cross in Gold on 15 January 1943 as Feldwebel in the 2./Jagdgeschwader 52[40]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 19 August 1943 as Oberfeldwebel and pilot in the 2./Jagdgeschwader 52[41][42]
Notes
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10:33.[16]
- ^ a b c This unconfirmed claim is not listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock.[18]
- ^ a b c d e f This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman.[16]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u The "m.H." refers to an Ilyushin Il-2 with rear gunner (mit Heckschütze).
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 07:38 over the Black Sea, southeast of Gelendzhik.[16]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 07:39 over the Black Sea, southeast of Gelendzhik.[16]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:45.[29]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:54.[29]
- ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Lavochkin La-5.[29]
- ^ According to Obermaier on 11 December 1942.[39]
References
Citations
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 299.
- ^ Page 2020, p. 92.
- ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 244.
- ^ Schreier 1990, pp. 135, 144, 187.
- ^ Bergström 2008, p. 85.
- ^ Bergström, Antipov & Sundin 2003, pp. 259–260.
- ^ Zabecki 2019, p. 329.
- ^ Spick 1996, p. 229.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1335–1338.
- ^ Planquadrat.
- ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1335.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 390.
- ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1335–1336.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 430.
- ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2006, p. 437.
- ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1336.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Prien et al. 2006, p. 438.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 433.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2006, p. 434.
- ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 435.
- ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 436.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2006, p. 439.
- ^ a b c Prien et al. 2012, p. 282.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Prien et al. 2012, p. 284.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Prien et al. 2012, p. 283.
- ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 285.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2012, p. 291.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2012, p. 292.
- ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1337.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Prien et al. 2022, p. 76.
- ^ Prien et al. 2022, p. 77.
- ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1337–1338.
- ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2022, p. 79.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2022, p. 80.
- ^ a b Prien et al. 2022, p. 81.
- ^ a b c d e f Barbas 2006, p. 423.
- ^ Dixon 2023, p. 30.
- ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 206.
- ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 217.
- ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 479.
- ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 52.
- ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 750.
Bibliography
- Barbas, Bernd (2006). Die Geschichte der I. Gruppe des Jagdgeschwaders 52 [The History of 1st Group of Fighter Wing 52] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-79-3.
- Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
- ISBN 978-0-9721060-4-7.
- ISBN 978-1-903223-91-8.
- Dixon, Jeremy (2023). Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe: Knight's Cross Holders 1943–1945. Barnsley: ISBN 978-1-39903-073-1.
- ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
- Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
- Page, Neil (2020). Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe 1943–45. Philadelphia, PA: ISBN 978-1-61200-879-0.
- Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
- Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/II—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/II—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-77-9.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2012). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 12/II—Einsatz im Osten—4.2. bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 12/II—Action in the East—4 February to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN 978-3-942943-05-5.
- Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Balke, Ulf; Bock, Winfried (2022). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 15/II—Einsatz im Osten—1.1. bis 31.12.1944 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 15/II—Action in the East—1 January to 31 December 1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN 978-3-942943-28-4.
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
- Schreier, Hans (1990). JG 52 Das erfolgreichste Jagdgeschwader des 2. Weltkriegs [JG 52 The Most Successful Fighter Wing of World War II] (in German). Berg am See: K. Vowinckel. ISBN 978-3-921655-66-5.
- Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York: ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
- ISBN 978-1-44-086918-1.