Rusadir

Coordinates: 35°17′38″N 2°55′59″W / 35.294°N 2.933°W / 35.294; -2.933
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Rusadir
Melilla la Vieja is built over Roman Rusadir
Rusadir is located in Spain
Rusadir
Shown within Spain
LocationSpain
RegionMelilla
Coordinates35°17′38″N 2°55′59″W / 35.294°N 2.933°W / 35.294; -2.933

Rusadir was an

colony in the province of Mauretania Tingitana
.

Name

ršʾdr (Punic: 𐤓‬𐤔𐤀𐤃𐤓‬)[1] was a Punic name meaning "Powerful"[2] or "High Cape",[3] after its nearby headland.[4] It can also be understood as "Cape of the Powerful One", in reference to Baal, Tanit, or some other important Punic god.[5] The format is similar to other Punic names along the North African coast, including Rusguniae, Rusubbicari, Rusuccuru, Rusippisir, Rusigan (Rachgoun), Rusicade, Ruspina, Ruspe, and Rsmlqr.[6] The settlement's name was hellenized as Rhyssádeiron (Greek: Ῥυσσάδειρον).[7][4] It appears in Latin as Rusadir,[8] Rusicada,[9] and Rusadder.[10][4] As a Roman colony, it was also known as Flavia.[citation needed]

Geography

Like

amphitheater on the eastern slope of a steep rock 500 meters (1,640 ft) high, where modern Melilla has grown up.[3]

History

Punic town

Rusadir was established as a

Carthaginian dominion
.

Mauretanian town

After

reverse.[1]

Roman town

Ptolemy's 1st African map, showing Roman Mauretania Tingitana

colony
in AD 46.

By the 3rd century, Rusadir was fully

Mauro-Roman kingdom.[citation needed
]

Later history

Main article: Melilla

The

Tingis (Tangier) in 429. Some of his tens of thousands of followers besieged and conquered Rusadir around 430, while others overran the rest of northwest Africa. Focusing his attention on the Roman province of Africa, Gaiseric allowed Berber rebellions to remove most of his western territories from his control. Rusadir became part of the Berber kingdom of Altava
.

The

Sisebuto) in 614.[16] By the early 7th century a Christian bishop with seat in the city was mentioned in the Thronus Alexandrinus.[15] By 700, Rusadir was conquered by Musa ibn Nusayr on behalf of the Umayyad Caliphate.[17] With an uncertain existence as populated settlement by the mid 9th century, the city was repopulated by Berbers by the late 9th century (c. 890), when it was already known by its new name,[17] Malila/Melilla/Amlil. It was seized by an Andalusian army on behalf of Abd al-Rahman III, emir (soon-to-be Caliph) of Córdoba in 926–927.[18]

It was conquered by the Castilian nobleman

Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán in 1497 and—under the name Melilla (q.v.)—was formally annexed by Castile in 1506.[3]

Religion

Rusadir remains a

Roman Catholic Church.[citation needed
]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b Head & al. (1911), p. 889.
  2. ^ Mora Serrano (2011), p. 25.
  3. ^ a b c d e Cath. Enc. (1913), s.v. "Rusaddir".
  4. ^ a b c d Dict. Gr. & Rom. Bio. & Myth. (1870), s.v. "Rusadir".
  5. ^ Juárez, Roberto (3 September 2016), "Significado de Rusaddir", Melilla: Ciudad Desconocida. (in Spanish)
  6. ^ López Pardo (2005), pp. 137–138.
  7. Geogr.
    , Bk. IV, Ch. i, §7.
  8. Nat. Hist.
    , Bk. I.
  9. Geogr.
    , Bk. I, §33.
  10. ^ Ant. Itin.
  11. ^ a b Enc. Brit. (1911).
  12. Washington
    : U.S. Army Map Service, 1953.
  13. Washington
    : U.S. Army Map Service, 1953.
  14. Nat. Hist.
    , Bk. V, Ch. 18.
  15. ^ a b Lara Peinado 1998, p. 24.
  16. ISSN 0213-7925
    .
  17. ^ a b Lara Peinado 1998, p. 25.
  18. ^ Gurriarán Daza, Pedro (2018). "La fortificación de la frontera sur de al-andalus en tiempos del califato de Córdoba" (PDF). Almoraima. Revista de Estudios Campogibraltareños (48). Algeciras: Instituto de Estudios Campogibraltareños: 62.

Bibliography

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