SNX-482
SNX-482 is a toxin from the tarantula Hysterocrates gigas. It acts as a high-affinity blocker of R-type Ca2+ (Cav2.3) channels, but at higher concentrations it can also block other Ca2+ channels and Na+ channels.
Sources
SNX-482 is isolated from the venom of the spider Hysterocrates gigas.[1]
Sequence
GVDKAGCRYMFGGCSVNDDCCPRLGCHSLFSYCAWDLTFSD-OH[1]
Homology
SNX-482 is homologous to the spider peptides grammatoxin S1A and hanatoxin.[1]
Target
Cav2.3 (alpha1E, R-type) channel (strong affinity), L-type Ca2+ channel, P/Q type Ca2+ channel, Na+ channel.[1][2][3] "SNX-482 [also] dramatically reduced the A-type potassium current in acutely dissociated dopamine neurons from mouse substantia nigra pars compacta."[4]
Mode of action
The compound was initially identified as a selective, voltage-dependent inhibitor of Cav2.3 (a1E, R-type) channels.
Research and therapeutic use
SNX-482 has been used to elucidate the roles of