STAT protein
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STAT protein, all-alpha domain | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | STAT_alpha | ||||||||
SCOP2 | 1bgf / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
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STAT protein, DNA binding domain | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | STAT_bind | ||||||||
SCOP2 | 1bgf / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
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STAT protein, protein interaction domain | |||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||
Symbol | STAT_int | ||||||||||
SCOP2 | 1bgf / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||||
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Dictyostelium STAT, coiled coil | |||||||||
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Members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family are intracellular
tumors and immunosuppression. Gene knockout studies have provided evidence that STAT proteins are involved in the development and function of the immune system and play a role in maintaining immune tolerance
and tumor surveillance.
STAT family
The first two STAT proteins were identified in the interferon system. There are seven mammalian STAT family members that have been identified: STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5 (STAT5A and STAT5B), and STAT6. STAT1 homodimers are involved in type II interferon signalling, and bind to the GAS (Interferon-Gamma Activated Sequence) promoter to induce expression of
interferon stimulated genes
(ISG). In type I interferon signaling, STAT1-STAT2 heterodimer combines with IRF9 (Interferon Response Factor) to form ISGF3 (Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor), which binds to the ISRE (Interferon-Stimulated Response Element) promoter to induce ISG expression.
Structure
All seven STAT proteins share a common structural motif consisting of an
nuclear localization signal
(NLS). Transcriptional activity and DNA association are determined by the transactivation and DNA-binding domains, respectively.
Activation
Extracellular binding of
RanGTP
complex.
See also
- JAK-STAT pathway
- DNA-binding protein
- STAT Inhibitors
Additional images
-
Key steps of theJAK-STAT pathway
-
Structure of the amino-terminal protein interaction domain of STAT-4.[1]
References
- PMID 9461439.
External links
- STAT+Transcription+Factors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Drosophila Signal-transducer and activator of transcription protein at 92E - The Interactive Fly