Saharanpur district

Coordinates: 29°54′N 77°41′E / 29.900°N 77.683°E / 29.900; 77.683
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Saharanpur District
)

Saharanpur district
Vidhan Sabha constituencies
Saharanpur, Saharanpur nagar,Gangoh,Nakud, Deoband, Rampur Maniharan,Behat
Area
 • Total3,860 km2 (1,490 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total3,466,382
 • Density900/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy62.61%[1]
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationUP-11
AirportSarsawa Airport
Websitesaharanpur.nic.in

Saharanpur district is the northernmost of the

Shivalik range, it lies in the northern part of the Doab
region. It is primarily an agricultural area.

The district headquarters are in Saharanpur, which is also the headquarters of Saharanpur Division. Other principal towns are Behat, Deoband, Gangoh and Rampur Maniharan.

Geography

Saharanpur is located at 29°58′N 77°33′E / 29.97°N 77.55°E / 29.97; 77.55, about 130 kilometres (81 mi) south-southeast from Chandigarh and 170 kilometres (110 mi) north-northeast from Delhi. It has an average elevation of 284 metres (932 ft). It is bordered by Yamunanagar and Karnal districts of Haryana to the west, Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh to the northwest, Dehradun district of Uttarakhand to the north, Haridwar district of Uttarakhand to the east and Muzaffarnagar and Shamli districts to the south.

It is the northernmost district of Uttar Pradesh, bounded by the Yamuna to the west. The northern border of the district is formed by the southern slopes of the Sivallik Hills. Below the Sivallik is the Bhabhar, and south of that, the Terai. The west of the district is khadir land next to the Yamuna, generally composed of clayish soil, and produces two small tributaries of the Yamuna: the Budhi and Saindh.

Historical

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901728,601—    
1911687,620−0.58%
1921653,460−0.51%
1931727,731+1.08%
1941822,231+1.23%
1951942,849+1.38%
19611,132,537+1.85%
19711,414,231+2.25%
19811,821,543+2.56%
19912,309,029+2.40%
20012,896,863+2.29%
20113,466,382+1.81%
source:[2]

Medieval period

During the reign of Shamsu’d-Din

sufi saint on the banks of the Paondhoi River. After visiting the sage, he ordered that henceforth this region would be known as 'Shah-Haroonpur', after the Sufi Saint Shah Haroon Chishti.[3] The simple but well-preserved tomb of this saint is situated in the oldest quarter of Saharanpur city, between the Mali Gate/Bazar Dinanath and Halwai Hatta. By the end of the 14th century, the power of the Sultanate had declined and it was attacked by Emperor Timur (1336–1405) of Central Asia. Timur had marched through the Saharanpur region in 1399 to sack Delhi and people of the region fought his army unsuccessfully. A weakened Sultanate was later conquered by the Central Asian Mogul king Babur
(1483–1531).

Mughal period

In the 16th century,

Mongol
admixture).

During the

Jain temple in Muhallah/Toli Chaundhariyan,[5]
it is now known as the 'Digamber-Jain Panchayati Mandir'.

The Sayyids and Rohillas

Mughal emperors Akbar and later

Rohillas
took control of the entire trans-Gangetic region.

Ahmad Shah Durrani, the Afghan ruler who invaded Northwestern and Northern India in the 1750s, conferred the territory of Saharanpur as Jagir on Rohilla chief Najaf Khan, who assumed the title of Nawab Najeeb-ud-Daula and took up residence in Saharanpur in 1754,. He made Gaunsgarh his capital and tried to strengthen his position against Maratha Empire attacks by entering an alliance with the Hindu Gurjar chieftain Manohar Singh. In 1759, Najeeb-ud-Daula issued a Deed of Agreement handing over 550 villages to Manohar Singh, who became the Raja of Landaura.

Maratha period

In 1757, the Maratha army captured the Saharanpur region, which resulted in Najeeb-ud-Daula losing control of Saharanpur to the Maratha rulers

British East India Company defeated the Maratha Empire, Saharanpur came under British suzerainty.[6]

British colonial period (1803–1947 AD)

When India rebelled in 1857 against the foreign Company's occupation, now referred to as the First War of Indian Independence, the Saharanpur and the present-day Muzaffarnagar Districts were part of that uprising. The centre of freedom fighters' operations was Shamli, a small town in the Muzaffarnagar region which was liberated for some time. After the uprising failed, British retribution was severe. Death and destruction was particularly directed against the Muslims of the region, whom the British considered as the main instigators of the rebellion; Muslim society was devastated beyond recognition. When social reconstruction started, the cultural and political history of Muslims began to revolve around Deoband and Aligarh.

Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi and Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, both proponents of the reformer Shah Waliullah's ideology for social and political rejuvenation, established a school in Deoband in 1867. It found popularity and global recognition as the Darul Uloom Deoband. Its founders' mission was twofold: to raise and spread a team of scholars able to awaken the religious and social consciousness of Muslims through peaceful methods and to make efforts, through them, to educate Muslims in their faith and culture; and to bring about a feeling of nationalism and national unity by promoting the concept of Hindu-Muslim unity and a united India. Muslim scholars in the city of Saharanpur were active supporters of this ideology and went on to establish the Mazahir Uloom
theological seminary six months later.

Royal Family

In 1845 Nawab Rao Wazir-ud-din khan became the member and voter of

Lord Irwin at Dehradun. Brother's of him migrated to Pakistan and England
. He died in 1973 at sheikpura qudeem and left behind his sons Nawab Rao Ghulam muhi-ud-din khan, Nawab Rao Zamir haider khan, Nawab Rao yaqoob khan. Nawab Rao Gulam Hafiz khan. Nawab Rao Zamir Haider Son Prince Shameem Haider Rao is a Fashion Model and a Poet.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901241,612—    
1911264,297+0.90%
1921261,915−0.09%
1931311,227+1.74%
1941359,218+1.44%
1951397,342+1.01%
1961498,034+2.28%
1971643,086+2.59%
1981854,377+2.88%
19911,101,171+2.57%
20011,378,881+2.27%
20111,734,495+2.32%
source:[2]

According to the

640).[7] The district has a population density of 939 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,430/sq mi) .[7] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.59%.[7] Saharanpur has a sex ratio of 887 females for every 1000 males,[7] and a literacy rate of 72.03%. 30.77% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 22.05% and 0.03% of the population respectively.[7]

Religion

Religions in Saharanpur district (2011)[10]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
56.74%
Islam
41.95%
Sikhism
0.54%
Other or not stated
0.77%
Distribution of religions

Hinduism is followed by over 56% of people. Islam is the second-largest religion in the district with over 41.95% adherents. Sikhism is followed by 0.54% people. Hindus generally dominate rural areas while Muslims are majority in urban areas.[10]

Tehsil Hindus Muslims Others
Behat 47.79% 51.19% 1.03%
Saharanpur 51.35% 46.78% 1.87%
Nakur 60.00% 38.54% 1.46%
Deoband 59.80% 39.77% 0.43%
Rampur Maniharan 79.24% 20.19% 0.57%

Languages

Languages of Saharanpur district (2011)[11]

  Hindi (80.90%)
  Urdu (18.57%)
  Others (0.53%)

At the time of the

2011 Census of India, 80.90% of the population of the district spoke Hindi and 18.57% Urdu as their first language.[11]

Education

Medical College

  • Sheikh-Ul-Hind Mahmood Mahmood Hasan Medical College, a government medical college which provides healthcare for all citizens of the state and to train students. The present medical college is planned to have a 500-bed hospital with road access to the Saharanpur-Ambala National Highway. The proposed annual intake of MBBS Students is expected to be 100 from 2014 to 2015.[12]

Villages

References

  1. ^ "District-specific Literates and Literacy Rates, 2001". Registrar General, India, Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  2. ^ a b Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  3. ^ History The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 21, p. 369. 1909.
  4. ^ The Islamic World to 1600: Rise of the Islamic Empires (The Mughal Empire) Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  5. .
  6. ^ a b c d e f "District Census Handbook: Saharanpur" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  7. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Panama 3,460,462 July 2011 est.
  8. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Connecticut 3,574,097
  9. ^ a b "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  10. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  11. ^ "Shaikhul Hind Medical College inaugurated". www.milligazette.com. Retrieved 16 May 2014.
  12. ^ Integrated Management Information System (IMIS)

29°54′N 77°41′E / 29.900°N 77.683°E / 29.900; 77.683