Saint Naum

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For the computer chess engine, see Naum (chess).
Saint

Naum
Sveti Naum)
Feast5 January and 3 July (Julian calendar), 20 May and 23 December (Revised Julian calendar, Gregorian calendar)
Southeastern Europe in the 9th century.
Monastery of Saint Naum, resting place of Naum, located in North Macedonia

Naum (

Pliska Literary School. Afterwards Naum worked at the Ohrid Literary School. He was among the first saints declared by the Bulgarian Orthodox Church after its foundation in the 9th century. The mission of Naum played significant role by transformation of the local Early Slavs into Bulgarians.[7]

Biography

Information about his early life is scarce. According to the Second Life of Saint Naum he grew up in Moesia, which was the Byzantine designation for Bulgaria.[8] According to the hagiography of Clement of Ohrid by Theophylact of Ohrid and some other sources, Naum took part in the historic mission to Great Moravia together with Cyril and Methodius, their disciples Gorazd, Clement of Ohrid, Angelar and Sava and other Slavic missionaries in 863.[9]

Great Moravia and Lower Panonia

For the next 22 years, he worked with Cyril and Methodius and other missionaries in translating the

Lower Pannonia, as well as Cyril and Methodius had died, and the pressure from the German Church
became increasingly more hostile. After a brief period of imprisonment due to the ongoing conflict with the German clerics, Naum, together with some of the missionaries (including Clement of Ohrid and Angelar) headed to Bulgaria.

First Bulgarian Empire

In 886 the governor of

Simeon the Great, summoned an ecclesiastical council in the new capital Preslav, where Clement was ordained bishop of Drembica and Velika. To replace Clement in Ohrid, Simeon sent Naum, who until then had been active in Preslav. Afterwards, Naum continued Clement's work at Ohrid, another important centre of Slavic learning. In these years the Cyrillic script was created in the Preslav literary school,[12] and was adopted in Bulgaria, possibly following Naum's initiative.[13] In 905 Naum founded a monastery on the shores of Lake Ohrid, which later received his name. He died there in 910 and Clement initiated the process of his canonization.[14] In this way Naum became the first “native” saint of Bulgaria.[15]

Cult

The cults towards saint Naum revered particularly in the region of Ohrid. It spread in the first half of the 18th century with the development of

Bektashi order also went on pilgrimage to the monastery of Saint Naum, believing their saint Sarı Saltık to be buried in it. Saint Naum's original feast day was December 23, but in 1727 on the authority of the Archbishop of Ohrid, it was changed to June 20.[16]

Legacy

St. Naum Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named for Saint Naum.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saint Naum.

References

  1. ISBN 0931922623
    , p. 56.
  2. ISBN 0-472-08149-7
    , p. 128.
  3. ISBN 0-88141-008-X.[1]
  4. ISBN 0-521-31950-1
    , p. 25.
  5. ISBN 0-8108-5565-8
    , p. 159.
  6. ISBN 0-8014-9493-1
    , p. 309.
  7. ISBN 0472081497
    , pp. 127-128.
  8. ISBN 9004168311
    , p. 161.
  9. ^ Kantor, Marvin (1983). Medieval Slavic Lives of Saints and Princes. The University of Michigan Press. p. 65.
  10. ISBN 1-85065-534-0
    , pp. 19-20.
  11. ISBN 0521273234
    , p. 5.
  12. ISBN 0521815398
    , pp. 221–222.
  13. ISBN 0810876027 p. 91.
  14. ISBN 0810875675, p. 342.
  15. ISBN 0521815398
    , p. 214.
  16. ^ Robert Elsie, The Christian Saints of Albania; Balkanistica, issue 13 (2000), pp. 35-57.
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