Saky (air base)
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Saky (Ukrainian and Russian: Саки) is an air base adjacent to the settlement of Novofedorivka, Crimea. It was initially built by the Soviet Union in the 1930s, and has been operated under both Ukrainian and Russian sovereignty since 1992.
Since 2014, following the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War and the annexation of Crimea by Russia, the base has been operated by the Russian Ministry of Defence. The base is home of the 43rd Independent Naval Assault Aviation Regiment operating Sukhoi Su-24M/MR, Sukhoi Su-30SM and Tupolev Tu-1344A-4 aircraft.[1][2] It is also the location of the Russian NITKA ("Scientific testing simulator for shipborne aviation") land-based aircraft carrier training and test simulator.
History
Soviet Union
The first unpaved airfield was built in 1930s for the Kachinsky School of Military Pilots.[citation needed]
During World War II the occupying German forces expanded the airfield and paved the runways, ruins of which are still visible today. At the time of the Yalta Conference in February 1944 president Franklin D. Roosevelt's and prime minister Winston Churchill's aircraft landed at Saky. Later the airfield played an important role in the work of the Center for Deep Space Communications near Yevpatoria.[3][full citation needed]
The
In September 1976, the 299th Instructor-Research Shipborne Aviation Regiment (
The 100th Independent Shipborne Fighter Aviation Regiment was established on 10 March 1986 at Saki.[8] In January 1992 many of the regiment's personnel refused to take the oath of allegiance to Ukraine, and left for Russia, leaving the equipment behind.[9]
The flying unit at the base appears to have been the 1063rd Center for Combat Employment Shipborne Aviation from 1988 to 1992.[10]
Ukraine
Following
The 299th Regiment, by now designated Ukraine's
During the
Russian occupation of Crimea
Russian forces occupied the base during the Russian occupation of Crimea in early 2014. The Ukrainian 10th Saky Naval Aviation Brigade, controlling all the Ukrainian Navy's air units, managed to get a number of its aircraft airborne to fly to bases in mainland Ukraine on March 5,[12] but more than a dozen aircraft and helicopters undergoing maintenance had to be abandoned.
On 1 July 2014, the 43rd independent Naval Assault Aviation Regiment arrived at the base from Gvardeyskoye, also in the Crimea. In turn, the regiment had arrived from Choibalsan in Mongolia in June 1990.[13]
Murder of Stanislav Karachevsky
On 7 April 2014, the Ukrainian defense ministry announced that a Ukrainian Naval officer had been shot dead in the village of Novofedorivka.[14] The incident took place outside the Novofedorivka Air Base in the military dormitory building, which was occupied by Ukrainian servicemen and their families that were awaiting relocation to mainland Ukraine.
While Ukrainian Navy Major Stanislav Karachevsky of military unit No. 1100 was preparing his belongings in preparation to leave Crimea, a conflict between him and several soldiers on both sides broke out.[15][16] The fight escalated to where Junior Sergeant Yevheniy S. Zaytsev of the Black Sea Fleet shot the unarmed officer twice in the head and chest at point blank range with an AK-74 assault rifle on the fifth floor of the dormitory building where Russian soldiers were evacuating the troops. Karachevsky died immediately. A second Ukrainian officer, Captain Artem Yermolenko, was beaten and abducted by Russian soldiers. The major's body was reportedly taken by Russian troops.[17]
Russian sources confirmed the killing, but said that it was an incident where a group of drunk Ukrainian soldiers on their way to the sleeping quarters encountered Russian soldiers manning a checkpoint on the road to the air base where they were previously stationed. The Ukrainian armed forces says that Russian soldiers pursued the unarmed Ukrainian into the barracks, shot him dead, and then moved the body.[18]
Zaytsev was convicted by a Russian military court for murder and sentenced to two years imprisonment.[19]
After the 2022 Russian invasion
On 9 August 2022, during the
The base was also struck on 21 September 2023.[23][24][25]
On 6 January 2024, a command post at the base was struck with Storm Shadow missiles, killing Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Chornobryby, the deputy commander of the 43rd Independent Naval Assault Aviation Regiment .[26]
Layout
The base has two, parallel, southwest–northeast runways, a smaller east–west carrier landing facility, and an extensive
The carrier take-off trainer faces northeast on the northern parallel runway. The carrier landing trainer is on the southwest end of that runway.
Gallery
References
- ^ "Saki (UKFI)". Scramble.nl. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
- . October 2022. p. 42.
- ^ Boris Chertok Rockets and People. Vol.3. p.489, 608, 653, 655, 702, 709, 720
- ^ Holm, Michael. "30th independent Maritime Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment". Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991.
- ^ Holm, Michael. "2nd Guards Sevastopolskaya Maritime Missile Aviation Division imeni N.A. Tokarev". Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
- ^ Holm, Michael. "16th Fighter Aviation Regiment". Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ a b Holm 2015.
- ^ Michael Holm, 100th Shipborne Fighter Aviation Regiment, Sources, and "Век в строю ВМФ авиация Военно-Морского Флота России (1910-2010)" by P.V. Levshov and D.E. Boltenkov; Tayfun, Saint Petersburg 2012, 768 pages. Excellent book with unit histories of every single naval aviation unit in existence between 1910 and 2010.
- ^ bmpd (15 January 2016). "Сформирован 100-й отдельный корабельный истребительный авиационный полк". bmpd. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
- ^ Holm, Michael. "1063rd Center for Combat Employment Shipborne Aviation". Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ a b c Johnson 2010.
- ^ Tim Ripley, 'Ukrainian Navy decimated by Russian move into Crimea, Jane's Defence Weekly 2 April 2014, p.17
- ^ Michael Holm. "43rd Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment". www.ww2.dk. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
- ^ "Russian marine kills Ukraine navy officer in Crimea, says ministry". Reuters. 7 April 2014. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
- ^ "Crimea: Ukraine Sailor Shot Dead by Russian Soldier". IBTimes. 7 April 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
- ^ "Ukraine: Naval officer shot dead by Russian soldier in Crimea". The Independent. 7 April 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
- ^ Made in the Kremlin: fake about that the killed Ukrainian officer while drunk attacked Russians Archived 2014-04-15 at the Wayback Machine. Ukrinform. April 7, 2014
- ^ "In cold blood: Defense Ministry says Ukrainian soldier murdered by Russians in Crimea was unarmed, fleeing - Apr. 11, 2014". KyivPost. 11 April 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
- ^ "Новости Украины NEWSru.ua :: Убийца украинского офицера в Крыму получил 2 года тюрьмы". 16 August 2015. Archived from the original on 16 August 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
- ^ Triebert, Christiaan (9 August 2022). "Explosion Rocks Russian Air Base in Crimea". The New York Times. New York Times. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
- ^ "Ukraine war: Crimea airbase badly damaged, satellite images show". BBC. 11 August 2022.
- ^ "Half of Russia's Black Sea fleet's combat jets out of operation, Western official says". Reuters. 19 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
- ^ "Kyiv says it hit Crimea air base, Russian-installed official denies it". reuters.com. Reuters. 21 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
Ukraine's military said on Thursday its forces had struck a Russian air base in Crimea, but an adviser to a Russian-installed official on the peninsula said none of Ukraine's missiles had hit their target.
- ^ Nicole Wolkov; Angelica Evans; Christina Harward; Riley Bailey; Frederick W. Kagan (21 September 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 21, 2023". understandingwar.org. ISW. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
Ukrainian forces conducted a series of drone and missile strikes targeting the Russian airfield near occupied Saky, Crimea, and may have damaged Russian aircraft.
- ^ "Ukraine Strikes At Russian Airbase In Crimea". Yahoo News. 21 September 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
- ^ "The Deputy Commander of the 43rd Aviation Regiment was eliminated in Crimea". www.mil.in.ua. 14 January 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- Holm, Micheal (1 June 2015). "299th Instructor-Research Shipborne Aviation Regiment". Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991: Organisation and order of battle. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
- Johnson, Reuben F (14 April 2010). "Ukraine reopens training base to Russian pilots". Jane's Defence Weekly: 6.[dead link] Story originally dated 9 April 2014.