Salem district
Salem District | ||
---|---|---|
State Tamil Nadu | | |
Municipal Corporation | Salem City Municipal Corporation | |
Largest city | Salem | |
Municipalities | ||
Headquarters | UTC+5:30 (IST) | |
PIN | 636xxx | |
Telephone code | 0427 | |
ISO 3166 code | [[ISO 3166-2:IN|]] | |
Vehicle registration | TN-27, TN-30, TN-52, TN-54, TN-77, TN-90, TN-93 | |
Central location: | 11°39′N 78°8′E / 11.650°N 78.133°E | |
Website | salem |
Salem District is one of the 38 districts of
Geography
Salem districts covers an area of 5245 sq. km. It is bounded by the districts of Namakkal, Dharmapuri, Erode, and Kallakurichi. The name Salem is thought to be derived from Sailam (hills) on account of being surrounded by hills.[2]
Politics
District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Salem | 81 | Gangavalli (SC)
|
A. Nallathambi | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | |||
82 | Attur (SC)
|
A. P. Jayasankaran | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
83 | Yercaud (ST)
|
G. Chitra | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
84 | Omalur
|
R. Mani | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
85 | Mettur
|
S. Sathasivam | Pattali Makkal Katchi | None | ||||
86 | Edappadi | Edappadi K. Palaniswami | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | Leader of the Opposition | |||
87 | Sankari
|
S. Sundararajan | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
88 | Salem (West)
|
R. Arul
|
Pattali Makkal Katchi | None | ||||
89 | Salem (North)
|
R. Rajendran | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | ||||
90 | Salem (South)
|
E. Balasubramanian | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None | ||||
91 | Veerapandi
|
M. Raja | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | None |
Geology
Administration
There are 4
Revenue divisions
Taluks
- Attur taluk
- Gangavalli taluk
- Idappadi taluk
- Kadayampatti taluk
- Mettur taluk
- Omalur taluk
- Peddanayakkan Palayam taluk
- Salem taluk
- Salem South taluk
- Salem West taluk
- Sangagiri taluk
- Vazhapadi taluk
- Yercaud taluk
- Thalaivasal taluk
Municipal corporations and municipalities
- Salem City Municipal Corporation
- Edappadi
- Attur, Salem
- Mettur
- Narasingapuram, Salem
- Tharamangalam
- Edaganasalai
Revenue blocks
- Salem
- Veerapandi
- Thalaivasal
- Gangavalli
- Panaimarathupatti
- Ayothiapattinam
- Valapady
- Yercaud
- Attur
- Pethanaickenpalayam
- Nangavalli
- Mecheri
- Kolathur
- Omalur
- Tharamangalam
- Kadayampatti
- Sangagiri
- Magudanchavadi
- Konganapuram
- Edappadi
- Veppampoondi
Town Panchayats
- Ayothiapattinam
- Gangavalli
- Thammampatti
- Attayampatti
- Jalakandapuram
- Elampillai
- Kannankurichi
- Kolathur
- Konganapuram
- Mecheri
- Omalur
- Panaimarathupatti
- Pethanaickenpalayam
- Sivathapuram
- Vazhapadi
- Veerakkalpudur
- Thiruvelviyur(a) Belur
- Edaganasalai
- Kadayampatti
- Karuppur
- Keeripatti
- Mallur
- Sentharapatti
- Thedavur
- Thevur
- Veeraganur
- Ethapur
- Arasiramani
- Nangavalli
- Poolampatti
- Attur
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1901 | 793,641 | — |
1911 | 821,494 | +0.35% |
1921 | 886,630 | +0.77% |
1931 | 998,086 | +1.19% |
1941 | 1,189,060 | +1.77% |
1951 | 1,430,876 | +1.87% |
1961 | 1,605,327 | +1.16% |
1971 | 1,996,187 | +2.20% |
1981 | 2,268,981 | +1.29% |
1991 | 2,573,667 | +1.27% |
2001 | 3,016,346 | +1.60% |
2011 | 3,482,056 | +1.45% |
source:[6] |
According to 2011 census, Salem district had a population of 3,482,056 with a sex-ratio of 954 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[8] A total of 344,960 were under the age of six, constituting 180,002 males and 164,958 females. 50.95% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 16.67% and 3.43% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 72.86%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[9] The district had a total of 915,967 households. There were a total of 1,694,160 workers, comprising 247,011 cultivators, 396,158 main agricultural labourers, 132,700 in household industries, 785,161 other workers, 133,130 marginal workers, 9,993 marginal cultivators, 58,052 marginal agricultural labourers, 8,803 marginal workers in household industries and 56,282 other marginal workers.[9]
At the time of the 2011 census, 88.48% of the population spoke Tamil, 6.08% Telugu, 2.48% Kannada and 1.58% Urdu as their first language. Other significant languages spoken here include Saurashtra.[10]
Education
Salem district is home to the Periyar University and the Vinayaka Mission University. The district has many educational institutions including Government Arts College (autonomous), Government Arts College for Women, Government College of Engineering (autonomous), Sona College of Technology (Autonomous), Thiagarajar Polytechnic College (Autonomous), Indian Institute of Handloom Technology, Government Polytechnic College, Central Law College, Sarada Institutions, and Mohan Kumaramangalam College (Medical), Salem Film school, Salem. Schools include Sri Chaitanya Techno School, Holy Cross, Glazebrooke, Holy Angels', St. Johns, Cluny, Golden Gates, Emerald Valley, Senthil Public School, Vidya Mandir, Little Flower, CSI Higher Secondary School and St. Joseph Schools.
Law enforcement
Law and order is maintained by the Salem district Tamil Nadu Police, headed by a Police commissioner. Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch headed by a superintendent of police.
Salem district have central prison at Hastampatti. It's one of the oldest jail and can able to host 1431 in house prisoners.
Industries
The Salem handloom industry is one of the most ancient cottage industries and producing quality sari, dothi and angavasthram out of silk yarn and cotton yarn. In the recent past, home furnishing items are also woven, mainly for export purposes. More than 75,000 handlooms are working and the total value of cloth produced per annum is estimated at ₹ 500,000 million. With more than 125 spinning mills, with modern weaving units and garment units Salem established itself as one of the major textile center in Tamil Nadu. The history of handloom and spinning mills dates back to pre-independence period in Salem. But until 1960s there were fewer than 5 spinning mills. Private handloom weaving started thriving in the region along with the large scale cooperative sector handloom weaving and marketing units. Small scale hand dying units were started around the region to the industry. Around 1980s the textile industry grew significantly. Many major spinning mills and waste spinning units came up into existence. Many Handloom societies and dying houses were established. New and increased number of Power Loom units were mushroomed in the places like Gugai, Ammapet, Attayampatti, Mallasamudram, Vennanthur, Magudanchavadi, Rasipuram, Komarapalayam, Pallipalayam, Jalakandapuram and Elampillai.[11]
The Salem region also houses the Tamil Nadu largest number of Sago industries which are engaged in the production Sago Foods and Starch. In Salem District alone, 34000 hectares of land is under tapioca cultivation which is the raw material for the sago industries and there are 650 units engaged in tapioca processing. In and around Salem the yield of tapioca is about 25-30 T/ha, highest in the World. National average is 19 T/ha and World average production stands at 10 T/ha.[12] Hence it is called land of sago. In 1981, Salem Starch and Sago Manufacturers Service Industrial Co-operative Society Ltd (popularly called as SAGOSERVE) was established to promote the growth of sago industries. Nearly 80% of the national demand for Sago and Starch is being met by the Sagoserv.[13]
Southern Iron & Steel Company Ltd (joint venture with
The Madras Aluminium Company Ltd (MALCO) is part of Vedanta Resources Plc, a London Stock Exchange listed FTSE 100 diversified metals and mining major. MALCO has a state-of-the-art, coal-based Captive Power Plant at the same location which was commissioned in the year 1999. In the year 2004 MALCO augmented its smelter capacity from earlier 25,000 TPA to 40,000 TPA. It generates 100 MW power from 4 units of 25MW each through power plant located at Mettur, Tamil Nadu. Around 90% of the entire power generated is exported; the rest is used internally. Efficient plant operations enabled MALCO to achieve a higher plant load factor since existence.
The region around Salem is rich in mineral ores. Salem has one of the largest
Being one of the fastest growing tier II cities, the
Places of interest
- Attur Fort
- Dhasekar
- Kurumbapatti Zoological Park
- Mettur Dam
- Tharamangalam Kailasanathar Temple
- Mecheri Bathrakali amman temple
- Poiman Karadu, Panamarathu patty
- Poolampatty Water Place (Salem's Kerala)
- Sowriyur
- Thanthondrieswarar Temple, Belur
- Yercaud
- Koppu konda perumal malai, Pethanaickenpalayam
- Atkonteshwarae temple, Pethanaickenpalayam
- Sangagiri Fort[22]
- Salem Ramanujar Manimandapam, Erumapalayam
- Anayampatty Swedha Nadhi Gangavalli, Gangavalli
- Salem Kottai maari Amman Temple, Old Bus stand
- Vinakaya Missions 1008 lingam Temple
- muttal falls
- Suganeswarar temple
- oothumalai murugan temple
- Salem Kottai Azhagirinathar Swamy Temple, Old Bus stand
- Sri Muth Malai Murugan Kovil, Puthiragoundampalayam
See also
References
- ^ "New District Collector hears grievances of public". The Hindu. 1 July 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
- ^ Arokiaswami M. (1956). The Kongu Country. University of Madras. p. 15.
- ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners". CNBCTV18. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners". www.indiatvnews.com. 2 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ "Salem district map". Government of Tamil Nadu. 15 February 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ "District Census Handbook 2011 - Salem" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ a b "District Census Handbook 2011 - Viluppuram" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ "Salem IIHT". The Hindu. 18 December 2010. Archived from the original on 4 January 2014.
- ^ "Sagoserve". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
- ^ "Sagoserve".
- ^ "Special_Salem". Archived from the original on 2 September 2013.
- ^ "JSW Companies :Salem Works". Archived from the original on 12 April 2013.
- ^ "JSW Steels Ltd :TIDCO".
- ^ "Dept.Geology and mining, TN".
- ^ "Tamilnadu Elcot Website". Elcot. Retrieved 26 September 2008.
- ^ "Site for IT Park ideally situated". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 1 September 2006. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2006.
- ^ "Site for IT Park ideally situated". Retrieved 26 September 2008.
- ^ "Electrical and electronics industries". Government of Tamil Nadu.
- ^ "SALEM DISTRICT PROFILE 2017". Salem District. Retrieved 8 February 2018.