Salisbury

Coordinates: 51°04′N 1°47′W / 51.07°N 1.79°W / 51.07; -1.79
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Salisbury, England
)
For other uses, see Salisbury (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Solsbury Hill.

Salisbury
City
Salisbury Cathedral from the Old George Mall in July 2016
Salisbury is located in Wiltshire
Salisbury
Salisbury
Location within Wiltshire
Population41,820 (2021 Census)[1]
OS grid referenceSU145305
• London78 miles (126 km)
Civil parish
  • Salisbury
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSALISBURY
Postcode districtSP1, SP2
Dialling code01722
PoliceWiltshire
FireDorset and Wiltshire
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
Websitesalisburycitycouncil.gov.uk
List of places
UK
England
Wiltshire
51°04′N 1°47′W / 51.07°N 1.79°W / 51.07; -1.79

Salisbury (locally /ˈsɔːzb(ə)ri/ SAWZ-b(ə-)ree)[a] is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820,[1] at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of

West of England Main Line and the Wessex Main Line
.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.

Toponymy

Cair-Caratauc, one of 28 cities of the

History of the Britons (9th century), has been identified with Salisbury.[4][5] Alternative names for the city, in the Welsh Chronicle of the Britons (12th century) were Caer-Caradog, Caer-Gradawc, and Caer-Wallawg.[6][7][8]

By the Roman era, the name had become Sorbiodūnum; the first part was of unknown origin, although the Brittonic suffix -dūnon meant "fortress". The name first recorded during the Anglo-Saxon era was Searoburg (dative Searobyrig), around the end of the 9th century. This was a partial calque of the Roman name, with burg being the Old English word for "fort". Middle English Sarisberie was abbreviated as Sar, which in turn gave rise to the latinization "Sarum".[9]

History

Old Sarum

Main articles: Old Sarum, Old Sarum Cathedral, and Old Sarum Castle
A reconstruction of Old Sarum in the 12th century
Salisbury viewed from Old Sarum

The hilltop at

Norman invasion of 1066, a motte-and-bailey castle was constructed by 1070.[11] The castle was held directly by the Norman kings; its castellan was generally also the sheriff of Wiltshire
.

In 1075 the

Stephen.[20] After this arrest, the castle at Old Sarum was allowed to fall into disrepair, but the sheriff and castellan continued to administer the area under the king's authority.[22]

New Sarum

The Great West Front of Salisbury Cathedral
Minster Street, c. 1870

Bishop of Salisbury

ark of God in the profane house of Baal
". He advocated

Let us descend into the plain! There are rich fields and fertile valleys abounding in the fruits of the earth and watered by the living stream. There is a seat for the Virgin Patroness of our church to which the world cannot produce a parallel.[25]

Herbert Poore's successor and brother Richard Poore eventually moved the cathedral to a

grid
.

Work on the new cathedral building, the present Salisbury Cathedral, began in 1221. The site was supposedly established by shooting an arrow from Old Sarum, although this is certainly a legend: the distance is over three kilometres (2 mi). The legend is sometimes amended to claim that the arrow struck a white deer, which continued to run and died on the spot where the cathedral now rests. The structure was built upon wooden faggots on a gravel bed with unusually shallow foundations of 18 in (45 cm) and the main body was completed in only 38 years. The 123 m or 404 ft tall spire, the tallest in the UK, was built later. With royal approval, many of the stones for the new cathedral were taken from the

Early English architecture. The spire's large clock was installed in 1386, and is one of the oldest surviving mechanical clocks in the world.[27] The cathedral also contains the best-preserved of the four surviving copies of Magna Carta
.

New Sarum was made a

rotten borough: at the time of its abolition during the reforms of 1832, its Member of Parliament
(MP) represented three households.

In May 1289, there was uncertainty about the future of

Treaty of Salisbury, under which Margaret would be sent to Scotland before 1 November 1290 and any agreement on her future marriage would be delayed until she was in Scotland.[29]

The Parliament of England met at New Sarum in the years 1324, 1328, and 1384.[30]

In 1450, a number of riots broke out in Salisbury at roughly the same time as

16 & 17 Cha. 2. c. 12) was passed on 2 March 1665 for making the River Avon navigable from Christchurch to the city of New Sarum. and the work completed, only for the project to be ruined shortly thereafter by a major flood.[31] Soon after, during the Great Plague of London, Charles II
held court in Salisbury's cathedral close.

Salisbury was the site chosen to assemble James II's forces to resist the Glorious Revolution. He arrived to lead his approximately 19 000 men on 19 November 1688. His troops were not keen to fight Mary or her husband William, and the loyalty of many of James's commanders was in doubt. The first blood was shed at the Wincanton Skirmish, in Somerset. In Salisbury, James heard that some of his officers had deserted, such as Edward Hyde, and he broke out in a nosebleed, which he took as an omen that he should retreat. His commander in chief, the Earl of Feversham, advised retreat on 23 November, and the next day John Churchill defected to William. On 26 November, James's own daughter, Princess Anne, did the same, and James returned to London the same day, never again to be at the head of a serious military force in England.[32]

20th and 21st centuries: Salisbury

Secret Spitfire Memorial, view from the south

Following the destruction by the

High Post airfield (north of the city, in Durnford parish) and Chattis Hill[33] (northeast, near Stockbridge), where the aircraft were assembled, test flown and then distributed to RAF airfields across England. A total of over 2000 Spitfires were produced. The whole process was carried out in secret without the knowledge of even the local people and only emerged into public knowledge after the production of a film describing the whole process.[34] In July 2021 a memorial to the workers, in the form of a life-size fibreglass model Mk IX Spitfire, was unveiled in Castle Road, Salisbury (near the rugby club) on the site of one of the factories.[35][36]

At the time of the

Olympic Flame from Wembley Stadium, where the Games were based, to the sailing centre at Torbay via Slough, Basingstoke, Salisbury, and Exeter.[citation needed
]

The 1972

Local Government Act
, which established the Salisbury City Council.

On 4 March 2018, former Russian double agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter, Yulia Skripal, were poisoned in Salisbury with a Novichok nerve agent.[37]

Governance

Salisbury Guildhall, completed in 1795, is now the meeting place of the City Council.
Main articles: Salisbury City Council and Wiltshire Council

Salisbury is within the county of Wiltshire, and the administrative district of the same name. For local government purposes, it is administered by the Wiltshire Council unitary authority. Salisbury forms a civil parish with a parish council known as the Salisbury City Council.

Since the local boundary review of 2020, two

Laverstock and Ford parish council has the same boundary as the Laverstock ward, as well as part of the Old Sarum and Upper Bourne Valley ward, at unitary level.[38]
The Bishopdown Farm estate on the outskirts of Salisbury is now part of Laverstock and Ford, joining Hampton Park and Riverdown Park.

Prior to 2009, Salisbury was part of the now abolished non-metropolitan county of Wiltshire. It was governed by

Wiltshire County Council at the county level and Salisbury District
Council, which oversaw most of south Wiltshire as well as the city. Salisbury (previously officially New Sarum) has had city status since time immemorial.

The Member of Parliament for the

John Glen (Conservative), who was first elected in 2010. Wilton
is the former county town for Wiltshire and is now located within Salisbury for parliamentary purposes.

Geography

Salisbury is approximately halfway between Exeter and London being 80 miles (128 km) east-northeast of Exeter, 78 miles (126 km) west-southwest of London and also 34 miles (55 km) south of Swindon, 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Southampton and 32 miles (51 km) southeast of Bath.

Queen Elizabeth Gardens, showing part of the River Avon diverted through the gardens

The geology of the area, as with much of South Wiltshire and Hampshire, is largely chalk. The rivers which flow through the city have been redirected, and along with landscaping, have been used to feed into public gardens. They are popular in the summer, particularly in Queen Elizabeth Gardens, as the water there is shallow and slow-flowing enough to enter safely. Because of the low-lying land, the rivers are prone to flooding, particularly during the winter months. The Town Path, a walkway that links Harnham with the rest of the city, is at times impassable.

Water-meadows at Harnham, fed by two branches of the River Nadder, are first documented in the 17th century.[39][40] East Harnham Meadows, in the floodplain of the Avon, is a Site of Special Scientific Interest.[41]

There are civil airfields at Old Sarum (where the experimental aircraft the Edgley Optica was developed and tested) and at Thruxton near Andover.

Areas and suburbs

Salisbury has many areas and suburbs, most of them being former villages that were absorbed by the growth of the city. The boundaries of these areas are for the most part unofficial and not fixed. All of these suburbs are within Salisbury's ONS Urban Area, which had a population of 44,748 in 2011.[42] However, not all of these suburbs are administered by the city council, and are therefore not within the eight wards that had a combined population of 40,302 in 2011. Two parishes are part of the urban area but outside Salisbury parish.

  • Bemerton
  • Lower Bemerton
  • Bemerton Heath
  • Hampton Park
  • Laverstock and Ford
    (outside city council area)
  • City Centre
  • Churchfields
  • East Harnham
  • West Harnham
  • Harnham Hill
  • Stratford-sub-Castle
  • St Paul's
  • St Francis
  • Fisherton
  • St Mark's
  • Bishopdown
  • Milford
  • St Edmund
  • Petersfinger
  • Netherhampton (outside city council area)
  • Paul's Dene
  • Friary Estate (formerly known as Bugmore)
  • St Martin's

Surrounding parishes, villages and towns rely on Salisbury for some services. The following are within a 4-mile radius of the city centre and are listed in approximately clockwise order:

Demography

The

2011 census.[43]

The

Laverstock, Britford, Downton, Alderbury, Odstock and the neighbouring town of Wilton, among others, however it does not include the towns of Amesbury or Romsey
, as these support their own local populations and are further afield.

At the 2011 census the population of the civil parish was 95.73% white (91.00%

Bangladeshi, 0.40% Chinese), 0.45% black and 1.15% mixed race. Within the parish, the largest ethnic minority group was 'other white' comprising 3.6% of the population as of 2011.[45] There is not much contrast between areas when it comes to ethnic diversity. The ward of St Edmund and Milford is the most multiethnic, with 86.0% of the population being White British.[46] The least multiethnic is the ward of St Francis and Stratford, which contains suburbs in the north of the city, with 94.8% of the population being White British.[47]
The city is represented by six other wards.

Ethnic Groups, 2011
Salisbury CP[43] Salisbury UA[48] Wiltshire
White British 91.0% 91.3% 93.4%
Asian 2.5% 2.4% 1.3%
Black 0.5% 0.4% 0.7%

Within the parish, the largest ethnic minority group was 'other white' comprising 3.6% of the population as of 2011.

86.43% of the civil parish's population were born in England, 3.94% were born elsewhere in the UK. 4.94% were born elsewhere in the EU (including the Republic of Ireland), while 4.70% of the population were born outside the EU.[49]

62.49% of the civil parish's population declared their religion to be Christianity, while 27.09% stated "no religion" and 8.02% declined to state their religion.[50] 0.79% of the population declared their religion to be Islam, 0.41% Buddhism, 0.40% Hinduism and 0.80% as another religion.[50]

95.89% of the civil parish's population considered their "main language" to be English, while 1.12% considered it to be Polish, 0.28% considered it to be Bengali and 0.24% considered it to be Tagalog.[51] 99.43% of the population claimed to be able to speak English well or very well.[52]

In 2001, 22.33% of Salisbury's population were aged between 30 and 44, 42.76% were over 45, and 13.3% were between 18 and 29.[53]

Economy

The 15th-century Poultry Cross marked the section of the market trading in poultry.
Butchers Row in the city centre

Salisbury holds a Charter market[54] on Tuesdays and Saturdays and has held markets regularly since 1227. In the 15th century the Market Place had four crosses: the Poultry Cross, whose name describes its market; the 'cheese and milk cross', which indicated that market and was in the triangle between the HSBC bank and the Salisbury Library; a third cross near the site of the present war memorial, which marked a woollen and yarn market; and a fourth, called Barnwell or Barnard's Cross, in the Culver Street and Barnard Street area, which marked a cattle and livestock market.[11] Today, only the Poultry Cross remains, to which flying buttresses were added in the 19th century.[55] The Market Hall, later known as the Corn Exchange, was completed in 1859.[56]

In 1226, Henry III granted the Bishop of Salisbury a charter to hold a fair lasting eight days from the Feast of the Assumption of Mary (15 August).[57] Over the centuries the dates of the fair have moved around, but in its modern guise, a funfair is now held in the Market Place for three days from the third Monday in October.

From 1833 to the mid-1980s, the Salisbury Gas Light & Coke Company, which ran the city's gasworks, was one of the major employers in the area. The company was formed in 1832 with a share capital of £8,000, and its first chairman was the

sewage works.[58]

Salisbury power station supplied electricity to Salisbury and the surrounding area from 1898 to 1970. The power station was at Town Mill and was owned and operated by Salisbury Electric Light and Supply Company Limited prior to the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. The coal-fired power station was redeveloped several times to incorporate new plant including a water driven turbine.[59]

From the Middle Ages to the start of the 20th century, Salisbury was noted for its cutlery industry. Early motor cars were manufactured in the city from 1902 by Dean and Burden Brothers, using the Scout Motors brand. In 1907 the company moved to a larger factory at Churchfields; each car took six to eight weeks to build, mostly using bodies made elsewhere by coachbuilders. By 1912, 150 men were employed and the company was also making small commercial vehicles and 20-seater buses, some of which were later used by the newly established Wilts & Dorset operator. The Scout company failed in 1921 after wartime disruption and competition from larger makers.[60]

Shopping centres include The Old George Mall, The Maltings, Winchester Street, and the Crosskeys precinct. Major employers include

Friends Life office, the second largest employer, was announced in 2015.[61]

Culture

Salisbury High Street

Salisbury was an important centre for music in the 18th century. The

Handel, directed concerts at the Assembly Rooms for almost 50 years up to his death in 1780. Many of the most famous musicians and singers of the day performed there.[62]

Salisbury holds an annual

St George's Day
pageant, the origins of which are claimed to go back to the 13th century.

Salisbury has a strong artistic community, with galleries situated in the city centre, including one in the public library. In the 18th century,

landscape paintings featuring the cathedral's spire and the surrounding countryside. Salisbury's annual International Arts Festival, started in 1973, and held in late May to early June, provides a programme of theatre, live music, dance, public sculpture, street performance and art exhibitions. Salisbury also houses a producing theatre, Salisbury Playhouse
, which produces between eight and ten plays a year, as well as welcoming touring productions.

The Salisbury Museum

The Salisbury Museum, housed in the King's House

The Salisbury Museum is housed in the King's House, a Grade I listed building whose history dates back to the 13th century, opposite the west front of the cathedral.

The permanent Stonehenge exhibition gallery has interactive displays about Stonehenge and the archaeology of south Wiltshire, and its collections include the skeleton of the Amesbury Archer, which is on display.

The Pitt Rivers display holds a collection from General Augustus Pitt Rivers.

The costume gallery showcases costume and textiles from the area, with costumes for children to try on while imagining themselves as characters from Salisbury's past.

The former home of

Sir Edward Heath, Arundells
in the Cathedral Close, is now open as a museum.

Twin towns and sister cities

Salisbury has been

twinned with Saintes, France, since 1990,[63] and with Xanten, Germany, since 2005.[63] Salisbury is also a sister city of Salisbury, North Carolina and Salisbury, Maryland, both of which are in the United States.[63]

Education

In the 13th and 14th centuries Salisbury was a seat of learning, with students of theology and the

liberal arts taught at the College of the Valley Scholars, founded by Bishop Giles of Bridport in 1262. This has some claim to be seen as the first university college in England,[64] as it was founded three years before Merton College, Oxford. Most of the scholars transferred to Salisbury Hall, Oxford, in 1325.[65]

There are several schools in and around Salisbury. The city has the only grammar schools in Wiltshire, South Wilts Grammar School for girls and Bishop Wordsworth's School for boys; since September 2020, both have mixed sixth forms. Other schools in or near the city include Salisbury Cathedral School, Chafyn Grove School, Leehurst Swan School, the Godolphin senior and prep schools, Sarum Academy, St Joseph's Catholic School, and Wyvern St Edmund's.

Sixth form education is offered by

theological college, within the Cathedral close
.

Transport

Road

The main transport links for the city are the roads. Salisbury lies on the intersection of the

A343, A345, A354, and A360
. Car parks around the periphery of the city are linked to the city centre by a park and ride scheme (see details in the bus section below). The A36 forms an almost complete ring road around the city centre. The A3094 comprises the southwestern quadrant of the ring road, passing through the city's outer suburbs.

The lack of adequate roads is a cause of concern to the people of Salisbury as there are no motorway links to the ports of Southampton and Bristol. The closest motorway access is at junction 2 of the M27 at Southampton, and at junction 8 of the M3 near Basingstoke. Traffic passes around the city centre on the A36 to Bath.

Bus

Salisbury bus station in 2010 (since closed)

There are bus links to

Salisbury Reds, a brand of Go South Coast, is the main local operator. Wheelers Travel provide services to Shaftesbury and Andover, as well as intermediate-distance services.[66] Other operators include Stagecoach
(Amesbury, Tidworth, Andover) and Beeline (Warminster).

Salisbury has a

Park and Ride bus scheme with five sites around the city. The scheme attempts to relieve pressure on the city centre, but as of 2010, ran at an annual loss of £1 million.[67]

Salisbury bus station, which opened in 1939, closed in January 2014 due to high operating costs and low usage.[68] Situated in Endless Street, on the northeastern edge of the city centre, the site was later developed into retirement homes, which opened in February 2018.

Railways

London Waterloo to Exeter St Davids, and the Wessex Main Line from Bristol Temple Meads to Southampton Central. The station is operated by South Western Railway. Great Western Railway hourly trains call from Cardiff Central, Bristol Temple Meads, Bath Spa to Southampton Central and Portsmouth Harbour
.

Churches

Besides the cathedral church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Salisbury has several churches of various denominations. Three of them – St Martin, St Thomas and St Lawrence (Stratford-sub-Castle) – are

Grade I listed
.

Medieval

St Martin's Church (Church of England)

Anglo-Catholic tradition.[70]

Sir George Gilbert Scott. The church was declared redundant in 1974 and reopened as Salisbury Arts Centre in 1975. A two-storey addition was built on the north side in 2003–2005.[71]

The 15th-century doom painting in St Thomas' church

doom painting, "one of the best surviving" according to Orbach.[71][73]

The churches of three rural parishes are in areas now absorbed into Salisbury. St George's at

West Harnham was begun in the 12th century and altered in the early 14th century.[74][75] St Lawrence, Stratford-sub-Castle, was built in the 13th century for the settlement near Old Sarum, at first as a chapelry of St Martin's.[76][77] The small church of St Andrew at Bemerton was built in the 14th century on the site of an earlier church.[78] It is associated with the poet and priest George Herbert
, rector from 1630 until his death in 1633.

19th century

St Osmund's (Catholic) is on Exeter Street in the city centre, a short distance east of the cathedral. It was designed by Augustus Pugin, who also designed some of the stained glass, and was consecrated in 1848.[79]

St Paul's church, serving part of the northern suburbs, was built near the start of the Devizes road in 1853. It was a replacement for St Clement's at Fisherton village, which had stood near the Nadder since at least the 14th century. The style of worship has been evangelical since the 1860s.[80]

The small All Saints' church was built at East Harnham in 1854, to designs of T.H. Wyatt.[81]

In 1861, St John's church was built at Bemerton to supplement St Andrew's. The building was declared redundant in 2010 and reopened in 2016 as a community centre and events venue.[82]

St Mark's was dedicated in 1894 to serve the expanding northern suburbs. The church is described as "ambitious" by Historic England and "expensively detailed" by Orbach.[71] Construction was in stages, finishing in 1915, and the upper part of the tower was never built.[83]

19th-century buildings for other denominations include, in the city centre, the Methodist Church (1811, enlarged later);[84] the United Reformed Church (originally Congregational, 1879);[85] Elim Pentecostal Church (originally Primitive Methodist, 1896, now a nightclub);[86] and on Wilton Road, Emmanuel Church (1860).[87]

20th century

Church of St. Gregory and the English Martyrs, Salisbury (Roman Catholic)

The Roman Catholic St. Gregory's Church was built in the city's western suburbs in 1938.[88]

As the city's suburbs extended further north, St Francis's church was consecrated in 1940 to serve an area which had been part of Stratford-sub-Castle parish. Worship is evangelical in style, and services are designed to appeal to families and young people.[89]

Sport and leisure

The city has a football team, Salisbury F.C., who play in the Southern League Premier Division South and are based at the Raymond McEnhill Stadium, on the northern edge of the city. Non-league clubs are Bemerton Heath Harlequins F.C. and Laverstock & Ford F.C.

Salisbury Racecourse with the cathedral in the distance

Salisbury Rugby Club, which is based at Castle Road, play in Southern Counties South. South Wilts Cricket Club is based at the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Sports Club and play in the Southern Premier Cricket League. Salisbury Hockey Club is also based at the Salisbury and South Wilts Sports Club.[90]

The Five Rivers Leisure Centre and Swimming Pool, which was opened in 2002, is just outside the ring road.

flat racing
course to the south-west of the city. Five Rivers Indoor Bowls Club and Salisbury Snooker Club share a building on Tollgate Road, behind the college.

Old Sarum Airfield, north of the city centre, is home to a variety of aviation-based businesses, including flying schools and the APT Charitable Trust for disabled flyers.

The city's theatre is the Salisbury Playhouse. The City Hall is an entertainment venue and hosts comedy, musical performances (including those by the resident Musical Theatre Salisbury) as well as seminars and conventions. Salisbury Arts Centre, housed in a redundant church, has exhibitions and workshops.

Salisbury is well-supplied with

pubs. The Haunch of Venison, overlooking the Poultry Cross, operates from a 14th-century building; one of its attractions is a cast of a mummified hand, supposedly severed during a game of cards.[91]
The Rai d’Or has original deeds dating from 1292. It was the home of Agnes Bottenham, who used the profits of the tavern to found Trinity Hospital next door in circa 1380.

Notable people

Born before 1900

Since 1900

Media

Greatest Hits Radio Salisbury, which broadcasts national and regional music programmes with local news bulletins.[125]

Regional television services are provided by

ITV Meridian, and a local television channel "That's Salisbury" is provided by That's TV.[126]

The Salisbury Journal is the local paid-for weekly newspaper, which is available in shops every Thursday. The local free weekly newspaper from the same publisher is the Avon Advertiser, which is delivered to houses in Salisbury and the surrounding area.

In popular culture

The two names for the city, Salisbury and Sarum, are humorously alluded to in a 1928 limerick from Punch:

There was an old Sultan of Salisbury
Who wanted some wives for his halisbury,
So he had them sent down
By a fast train from town,
For he thought that his motor would scalisbury.[127]

The ambiguous pronunciation was also used in the following limerick, which also alludes to 'Hants', the shortened form of Hampshire:

There was a young curate of Salisbury,
Whose manners were quite Halisbury-Scalisbury.
He wandered round Hampshire,
Without any pampshire,
Till the Vicar compelled him to Walisbury.[128]

Climate

Salisbury experiences an

July 2006.[134] The lowest temperature to be recorded in recent years was −10.1 °C (13.8 °F) during December 2010.[135]

Climate data for
Boscombe Down
, elevation: 128 m (420 ft), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1960–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 13.6
(56.5) 		17.5
(63.5) 		21.3
(70.3) 		25.9
(78.6) 		27.5
(81.5) 		33.7
(92.7) 		34.5
(94.1) 		34.2
(93.6) 		28.7
(83.7) 		26.2
(79.2) 		17.6
(63.7) 		14.6
(58.3) 		34.5
(94.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.2
(45.0) 		7.5
(45.5) 		10.3
(50.5) 		13.1
(55.6) 		16.6
(61.9) 		19.5
(67.1) 		21.9
(71.4) 		21.6
(70.9) 		18.6
(65.5) 		14.4
(57.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		7.5
(45.5) 		14.1
(57.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.3
(39.7) 		4.3
(39.7) 		6.6
(43.9) 		8.6
(47.5) 		11.9
(53.4) 		14.7
(58.5) 		16.9
(62.4) 		16.8
(62.2) 		14.3
(57.7) 		10.9
(51.6) 		7.1
(44.8) 		4.6
(40.3) 		10.1
(50.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.4
(34.5) 		1.1
(34.0) 		2.8
(37.0) 		4.1
(39.4) 		7.3
(45.1) 		9.9
(49.8) 		12.0
(53.6) 		12.0
(53.6) 		10.0
(50.0) 		7.3
(45.1) 		3.9
(39.0) 		1.8
(35.2) 		6.2
(43.2)
Record low °C (°F) −12.4
(9.7) 		−9.6
(14.7) 		−9.6
(14.7) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		−2.4
(27.7) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		4.4
(39.9) 		3.6
(38.5) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		−3.4
(25.9) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		−11.3
(11.7) 		−12.4
(9.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 74.5
(2.93) 		52.0
(2.05) 		57.2
(2.25) 		51.4
(2.02) 		54.4
(2.14) 		51.0
(2.01) 		48.9
(1.93) 		51.5
(2.03) 		59.4
(2.34) 		82.6
(3.25) 		84.0
(3.31) 		81.7
(3.22) 		748.6
(29.47)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 12.0 9.5 10.6 9.6 9.4 8.9 8.5 8.7 9.0 11.8 11.9 11.9 122.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 62.2 80.8 119.2 175.0 205.9 217.7 223.3 205.3 152.3 114.9 75.1 57.8 1,689.4
Source 1: Met Office[136]
Source 2: KNMI[137]

Freedom of the City

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the City of Salisbury.

Individuals

Military Units

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ Other pronunciations include /ˈsɔːlzb(ə)ri/ SAWLZ-b(ə-)ree,[2] /ˈsɒlzb(ə)ri/ SOLZ-b(ə-)ree[citation needed] and American English: /ˈsælzbəri/ SALZ-bər-ee.[2][3]

References

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salisbury.
Wikisource has the text of The New Student's Reference Work article "Salisbury".
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Salisbury (England).
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