Salonga National Park

Coordinates: 2°S 21°E / 2°S 21°E / -2; 21
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Salonga National Park
Parc national de la Salonga
View of a river in the Salonga National Park in 2005
Map showing the location of Salonga National Park Parc national de la Salonga
Map showing the location of Salonga National Park Parc national de la Salonga
LocationDemocratic Republic of the Congo
Coordinates2°S 21°E / 2°S 21°E / -2; 21
Area36,000 km2 (14,000 sq mi)
Established1970
Governing bodyl'Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN)
TypeNatural
Criteriavii, ix
Designated1984 (8th session)
Reference no.280
RegionAfrica
Endangered1999–2021

Salonga National Park (

World Heritage List for its protection of a large swath of relatively intact rainforest and its important habitat for many rare species. [1] In 1999, the site has been listed as endangered due to poaching and housing construction.[2] Following the improvement in its state of conservation, the site was removed from the endangered list in 2021.[3]

Geography

The park is in an area of rainforest about halfway between Kinshasa, the capital, and Kisangani. There are no roads and most of the park is accessible only by river.[1] Sections of the national park are almost completely inaccessible and have never been systematically explored.[1] The southern region inhabited by the Iyaelima people is accessible via the Lokoro River, which flows through the center and northern parts of the park, and the Lula River in the south[citation needed]. The Salonga River meanders in a generally northwest direction through the Salonga National Park to its confluence with the Busira River.[4]

History

The Salonga National Park was established as the Tshuapa National Park in 1956, and gained its present boundaries with a 1970 presidential decree by President Mobutu Sese Seko[citation needed]. It was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984.[5] Due to the civil war in the eastern half of the country, it was added to the List of World Heritage in Danger in 1999.[1]

The park is co-managed by the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature and the World Wide Fund for Nature since 2015. Extensive consultation is ongoing,[6] with the two main populations living within the park; the Iyaelima, the last remaining residents of the park [5] and the Kitawalistes, a religious sect who installed them-self in the park just after its creation. An intense collaboration exists between the park guards and the Iyaelima, as Iyaelima villages are used as guard posts. It is known that bonobo densities are highest around Iyaelima villages which shows that they cause no threat to the park's emblematic species.[7]

Ecology

Located in the center of the

zoochory.[8]

Many large mammals are found within the park at relatively high densities, including

forest elephants survive in the park. [9]

Other than bonobo, park is home to several species primates such as Dryas monkey, Thollon's red colobus, Allen's swamp monkey, golden-bellied mangabey, red-tailed monkey, Potto, dwarf bushbaby.[11]

Other mammals in the park include the

bushbuck, water chevrotain and forest buffalo.[11]

There are many bird species present within the park, including the

endemic to the Congo Basin and the national bird of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, lives in both the primary and secondary forests within the park.[12]

56 fish species have been identified in the park, including the catfishes Clarias buthupogon and Synodontis nigriventris.[13] African

slender-snouted crocodiles are also found within the park.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Salonga National Park". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  2. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "World Heritage Committee Adds Four Sites to the List of World Heritage in Danger". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2022-03-24.
  3. ^ "Request Rejected".
  4. ^ "Relation: Salonga (380844)", OpenStreetMap, retrieved 2021-03-21
  5. ^ a b Hopson, Mark (2011). "The Wilderness Myth: How the Failure of the American National Park Model Threatens the Survival of the Iyaelima Tribe and the Bonobo Chimpanzee". Earth Jurisprudence and Environmental Justice Journal. 1 (1).
  6. ^ CERDI-BAS (2016), Etude Stratégique des populations résidentes dans le parc national de la Salonga
  7. ISBN 978-0-387-74785-9
    .
  8. ^
    S2CID 17600509
    .
  9. ^
    S2CID 37674167
    .
  10. ^ a b Falk, John (2008). "Why the Bonobos Need a Radio and Other (Unlikely) Lessons From Deepest Congo". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2012-04-03.
  11. ^ a b c "Salonga National Park". World Heritage Datasheet. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  12. S2CID 84628639
    .
  13. ISSN 0030-6053
    .

Sources

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