Salyut 4
Reentry February 3, 1977 | | |
Mass |
| |
---|---|---|
Length | 15.8 m | |
Width | 4.15 m | |
Pressurised volume | 90 m3 | |
Periapsis altitude | 136 mi (219 km) | |
Apoapsis altitude | 168 mi (270 km) | |
Orbital inclination | 51.6 degrees | |
Orbital period | 89.1 minutes | |
Days in orbit | 770 days | |
Days occupied | 92 days | |
No. of orbits | 12,444 | |
Distance travelled | ~313,651,190 mi (~504,772,660 km) | |
Statistics as of de-orbit and reentry | ||
Configuration | ||
Salyut 4 (DOS 4) (
Description
Salyut 4 represented the second phase of DOS civilian space station. Although the basic design of Salyut 1 was retained, it switched to three large solar panels mounted on the forward module rather than its predecessor's four small panels on the docking module and engine compartment, presumably to generate more power. It had an interior floor area of 34.8 sq. m The pitch of the station was 2 X 59 N, yaw was 2 X 59 N and roll was 2 X 20 N. The electric System produced an average of 2.00 kW of power. It had 2,000 kg of scientific equipment alongside two sets of three solar panels each and was equipped with the Delta Navigation System which was a new autonomous navigation system that calculates orbital elements without assistance from ground.[1] It was powered by KTDU-66 thrusters.[2]
Instrumentation
Installed on the Salyut 4 were OST-1 (Orbiting Solar Telescope) 25 cm
Other instruments include a swivel chair for vestibular function tests, lower body negative pressure gear for cardiovascular studies, bicycle ergometer integrated physical trainer (electrically driven running track 1 m X .3 m with elastic cords providing 50 kg load), penguin suits and alternate athletic suit, sensors for temperature and characteristics of upper atmosphere, ITS-K infrared telescope spectrometer and ultraviolet spectrometer for study of earth's infrared radiation, multispectral earth resources camera, cosmic ray detector, embryological studies, new engineering instruments tested for orientation of station by celestial objects and in darkness and a teletypewriter.[1]
Science
Among others, observations of
Specifications
- Length – 15.8 m
- Maximum diameter – 4.15 m
- Habitable volume – 90 m3
- Weight at launch – 18,900 kg
- Launch vehicle – Proton (three-stage)
- Orbital inclination – 51.6°
- Area of solar arrays – 60 m2
- Number of solar arrays – 3
- Electricity production – 4 kW
- Resupply carriers – Soyuz Ferry
- Number of docking ports – 1
- Total manned missions – 3
- Total unmanned missions – 1
- Total long-duration manned missions – 2
Visiting spacecraft and crews
- Soyuz 17 – January 11 – February 10, 1975
- Aleksei Gubarev
- Georgi Grechko
- Soyuz 18a– April 5, 1975 – Launch abort
- Vasily Lazarev
- Oleg Makarov
- Soyuz 18 – May 24 – July 26, 1975
- Soyuz 20 – November 17, 1975 – February 16, 1976
- no crew
Salyut 4 Expeditions
Expedition | Crew | Launch date | Flight up | Landing date | Flight down | Duration (days) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soyuz 17 | Georgi Grechko,
Aleksei Gubarev |
January 11, 1975 21:43:37 UTC |
Soyuz 17 | February 10, 1975 11:03:22 UTC |
Soyuz 17 | 29.56 | Launch from Baikonur; landing 110 km northeast of Tselinograd; docking on space station Salyut 4, which had been launched 3 days earlier; transfer into space station and 29 days stay time there; astronomical experiments. |
Soyuz 18 | Pyotr Klimuk, Vitaly Sevastyanov |
May 24, 1975 14:58:10 UTC |
Soyuz 18 | July 26, 1975 14:18:18 UTC |
Soyuz 18 | 62.97 | Launch from Baikonur; landing 56 km east of Arkalyk; 2. crew of spacestation Salyut 4; 62 days staying time; intensive fitness training; breeding of "space vegetable"; solar observation; taking photographs of Earth surface. |
See also
- Space station for statistics of occupied space stations
- Salyut
- TKS spacecraft
- Almaz
- Mir
- Skylab
- International Space Station
References
- ^ a b c "Salyut 4". Archived from the original on 2012-05-04. Retrieved 2012-05-05.
- ^ "Salyut (3), 4 / DOS 3, 4".
- ^ Salyut 4
- ^ The design of the Salyut-4 orbiting solar telescope