Samajwadi Party
Samajwadi Party | |
---|---|
Ram Ji Lal Suman Harendra Singh Malik | |
Lok Sabha Leader | S. T. Hasan |
Rajya Sabha Leader | Ram Gopal Yadav |
Founder | Mulayam Singh Yadav Beni Prasad Verma |
Founded | 4 October 1992 |
Split from | Janata Dal |
Headquarters | 18 Copernicus Lane, New Delhi |
Newspaper | Samajwadi Bulletin[1] |
Student wing | Samajwadi Chatra Sabha[2] |
Youth wing | Samajwadi Prahari[3]
Samajwadi Yuvjan Sabha[4] Lohiya vahini |
Women's wing | Samajwadi Mahila Sabha[5] |
Ideology | Socialism (Indian)[6] Democratic socialism[7] Left-wing populism[8] Social conservatism[9][10] |
Political position | Left-wing[11][12][10] |
International affiliation | Progressive Alliance[13] |
Colours | Red and Green |
ECI Status | State Party[14] |
Alliance | I.N.D.I.A. (2023-present) |
Seats in Lok Sabha | 3 / 543 |
Seats in Rajya Sabha | 4 / 245 |
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies | 112 / 4,036
(3987 MLAs & 49 Vacant) Indian states |
Number of states and union territories in government | 0 / 31 |
Election symbol | |
Website | |
www | |
The Samajwadi Party (abbr. SP;
While the party is largely based in
History
The Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when Janata Dal fragmented into several regional parties.[21] The party was founded by Mulayam Singh Yadav and Beni Prasad Verma in 1992.[22][23] Created just months before the Babri Masjid demolition, the party rose to power by playing secular politics. The support of its key voters, other backward classes and Muslims helped the party become a major political force in Uttar Pradesh.[24] The state government, shot at karsevaks using helicopters to save mosque.[25] According to a video journalist who was caught in the firing, the police were shooting unarmed Hindus at point blank range.[26]
In
He was chosen as the President for the first time in an Emergency meeting in 2017. He was chosen for second time in 2017 at Agra Convention of Samajwadi Party. He was chosen for the third time at the party's national convention held in September 2022 at Lucknow,[15][16][17] after he was chosen as the President at the party's national convention held on 1 January 2017.
The party have contested
National Convention of January 2017
In a National Convention held on 1 January 2017, called by Ram Gopal Yadav, Akhilesh Yadav was appointed as president of the Party for 5 years.[29]
Position in state and national politics
Alliance
The Samajwadi Party provided outside support to the United Progressive Alliance government up to the fourteenth general election. After the fourteenth general election, its support became unnecessary when the UPA became the largest alliance. It contested the 2009 general election in alliance with the Rashtriya Janata Dal and the Lok Janshakti Party of Bihar.[30]
In April 2014, the Save Indian Family Foundation encouraged voters to support the Samajwadi Party or vote None of the above because they had said they opposed the alleged misuse of gender bias laws.[31]
In the last general election, the Samajwadi Party was defeated by the BJP in Uttar Pradesh though allying with Bahujan Samaj Party.[32] It is currently the thirteenth largest party in parliament.[33] In the general elections of 2019, it won only five seats, while the Indian National Congress gained 52 seats and the Bharatiya Janata Party obtained a clear mandate with 303 seats.
Recently, Samajwadi Party joined the newly formed Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance formed as an umbrella alliance of opposition parties in India.[34][35][36]
Presence in state assemblies
The SP has two MLAs each in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and one newly elected MLA in the 2022 Gujarat assembly election.
Samajwadi Prahari and Samajwadi Sanwad
The Samajwadi Party has front line campaigning groups.[37] Ongoing debate on party policy comes from many of their leaders. Among them are:
- Chhatra Sabha Sanwad
- Yuvjan Sabha Sanwad
- Samajwadi prahari Sanwad
- Mulayam Singh Youth Brigade Sanwad
- Lohiya Vahini Sanwad
- Shikshak Sabha Sanwad
- Vyapar Sabha Sanwad
- Adhivakta Sabha Sanwad
- Ambedkar Vahini Samwad
Electoral performances
Lok sabha elections
Lok Sabha Term | Lok Sabha | Seats contested | Seats won | % of votes | State (seats) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11th Lok Sabha | 1996 | 111 | 16 | 3.3% | Uttar Pradesh (16) | [38] |
12th Lok Sabha | 1998 | 166 | 19 | 4.9% | Uttar Pradesh (19) | [39] |
13th Lok Sabha | 1999 | 151 | 26 | 3.8% | Uttar Pradesh (26) | [40] |
14th Lok Sabha | 2004 | 237 | 36 | 4.3% | Uttar Pradesh (35) Uttarakhand (1) |
[41] |
15th Lok Sabha | 2009 | 193 | 23 | 3.4% | Uttar Pradesh (23) | [42] |
16th Lok Sabha | 2014 | 197 | 5 | 3.4% | Uttar Pradesh (5) | [43] |
17th Lok Sabha | 2019 | 49 | 5 | 2.6% | Uttar Pradesh (5) | [44] |
Assembly elections
Vidhan Sabha Term | UP elections | Seats contested | Seats won | % of votes | Party Votes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly | ||||||
12th Vidhan Sabha | 1993 | 256 | 109 | 17.94 | 8,963,697 | [45] |
13th Vidhan Sabha | 1996 | 281 | 110 | 21.80 | 12,085,226 | [46] |
14th Vidhan Sabha | 2002 | 390 | 143 | 25.37 | 13,612,509 | [47] |
15th Vidhan Sabha | 2007
|
393 | 97 | 25.43 | 13,267,674 | [48] |
16th Vidhan Sabha | 2012
|
401 | 224 | 29.15 | 22,107,241 | [49] |
17th Vidhan Sabha | 2017 | 311 | 47 | 21.82 | 18,923,689 | [50] |
18th Vidhan Sabha | 2022 | 347 | 111 | 32.06 | 29,543,934 | [51] |
Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly | ||||||
11th Vidhan Sabha | 1998 | 228 | 4 | 1.58 | 4,19,626 | [52] |
12th Vidhan Sabha | 2003 | 161 | 7 | 3.71 | 9,46,891 | [53] |
13th Vidhan Sabha | 2008 | 187 | 1 | 1.90 | 5,01,324 | [54] |
14th Vidhan Sabha | 2013 | 161 | 0 | 1.2 | 4,04,853 | [55] |
15th Vidhan Sabha | 2018 | 52 | 1 | 1.3 | 4,96,025 | [56] |
Maharashtra Legislative Assembly | ||||||
9th Vidhan Sabha | 1995 | 22 | 3 | 0.93 | 3,56,731 | [57] |
10th Vidhan Sabha | 1999 | 15 | 2 | 0.7 | 2,27,640 | [58] |
11th Vidhan Sabha | 2004 | 95 | 0 | 1.13 | 4,71,425 | [59] |
12th Vidhan Sabha | 2009 | 31 | 4 | 1.11 | 3,37,378 | [60] |
13th Vidhan Sabha | 2014 | 22 | 1 | 0.17 | 92,304 | [61] |
14th Vidhan Sabha | 2019 | 7 | 2 | 0.22 | 1,23,267 | [62] |
List of chief ministers
No. | Name Constituency |
Term of office[63][64] | Tenure length | Party[a] | Assembly[65] (Election) |
Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jaswantnagar
|
4 December 1993 | 3 June 1995 | 1 year, 181 days | Samajwadi Party | Twelfth Assembly (1993–95)(1993 election) |
[66] |
(1) | Gunnaur
|
29 August 2003 | 13 May 2007 | 3 years, 257 days | Samajwadi Party | Fourteenth Assembly (2002–07)(2002 election) |
[66] |
2 | Akhilesh Yadav MLC |
15 March 2012 | 19 March 2017 | 5 years, 4 days | Samajwadi Party | Sixteenth Assembly (2012–17)(2012 election) |
[67] |
- ^ This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he or she heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
List of central ministers
No. | Name | Term of office | Portfolio | Prime Minister | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mulayam Singh Yadav | 1 June 1996 | 19 March 1998 | Minister of Defence | I. K. Gujral
| |
2 | Janeshwar Mishra | 10 July 1996 | May 1997 | Minister of Water Resources
|
I. K. Gujral
| |
3 | Beni Prasad Verma | 1 June 1996 | 19 March 1998 | Minister of Communications and Information Technology | I. K. Gujral
| |
4 | Saleem Iqbal Shervani[68] | May 1997 | 19 March 1998 | Minister of External Affairs(M.O.S.) | I.K. Gujral
|
Prominent members
- Mulayam Singh Yadav, founder and former President of Samajwadi Party, former Defence minister of India and former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.[69][70][71]
- Akhilesh Yadav, President of Samajwadi Party and former chief minister of Uttar Pradesh.[72][73]
- Beni Prasad Verma, founder and former Union Cabinet Minister of India[74]
- Rampur former cabinet minister of Uttar Pradesh and former Member of Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh.[75][76]
- Janeshwar Mishra, founder and former cabinet minister
- Leader of Opposition
- Ideologist, Founding member
- Kiranmoy Nanda, Vice President of Samajwadi Party
- Naresh Uttam Patel, current Uttar Pradesh State president of Samajwadi Party.[77]
- MP from Uttar Pradesh.[78]
- Ram Govind Chaudhary, Leader of opposition in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.[79]
- Indrajit Saroj, National General Secretary, Deputy Leader of Opposition in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly[80]
- Member of Legislative Council, Former Cabinet Minister (UP Govt.), He is prominent leader in purvanchal( Eastern Uttar Pradesh).
- Sanjay Lathar, Leader of Opposition in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council.
- Abu Asim Azmi, Samajwadi Party Maharashtra state President, Member of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and former Member of Rajya Sabha.
- Mohan Singh, former Member of Parliament Rajya Sabha
- Harendra Singh Malik, former MP Rajya Sabha, prominent Jat leader from Western Uttar Pradesh.
- Pankaj Kumar Malik, MLA from Charthawal Assembly Seat.
- MP, former Member of Lok Sabha, and former Cabinet Minister of Uttar Pradesh.
- Sikh leader and former cabinet minister of Uttar Pradesh.
- Cabinet Minister of Agriculture from Uttar Pradesh Government, under Akhilesh Yadavfrom 2012 to 2014.
State leadership
- Abu Asim Azmi: Maharashtra
- Naresh Uttam Patel: Uttar Pradesh
- Ramayan Singh Patel: Madhya Pradesh
- Satyanarayan Sachan: Uttarakhand
- Manjappa Yadav: Karnataka
- Devendra Upadhyaya: Gujarat
- Manas Bhattacharya: West Bengal
- Mukesh Yadav: Rajasthan
- Sukhvinder Singh: Punjab
- Dr Saji Pothen Thomas: Kerala
- B Jagadeesh Yadav: Andhra Pradesh
- Om Prakash Sahu:Chhattisgarh
Controversies and Criticism
The Samajwadi Party has a history of political corruption, casteism, criminal links, and playing appeasement politics. Several leaders have also been criticized for insensitive comments on serious matters.
Comments on Rape
The crime of rape became a capital offence in India following the
Following the trial of the Shakti Mills rape case in Mumbai, SP Maharashtra chief Abu Azmi commented that, "Any woman if, whether married or unmarried, goes along with a man, with or without her consent, should be hanged. Rape is punishable by hanging in Islam. But here, nothing happens to women, only to men. Even the woman is guilty. Girls complain when someone touches them, and even when someone doesn't touch them. It becomes a problem then ... If rape happens with or without consent, it should be punished as prescribed in Islam." He also said, "See, I don't know what context he said it in. But, at times, the wrong people are awarded the death penalty. Boys do it in josh (Hindi: excitement), but what can I say in this? The death sentence should be given. I won't speak against Islam."[88] Azmi's comments were widely criticized in India.[89][90]
Corruption scandals and criminal links
The Samajwadi Party, during it's ruling from 2012-2017, was involved in the Uttar Pradesh sand mining scandal. A CBI probe revealed that Gayatri Prasad Prajapati, the state minister for mining, was accused of collaborating with the mining mafia. [91]Durga Shakti Nagpal, an IAS officer, led a massive operation to end illegal mining, which led to impounding of several vehicles and arrest of several illegal miners.[92][93] Nagpal was later suspended after she allegedly demolished a wall of an under-construction mosque in Kadalpur village, in the Rabupura area of Jewar, but the suspension was later revoked. [94] Gayatri Prasad Prajapati was convicted in 2021 in a rape case. [95]
See also
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