San Bernardino, California

Coordinates: 34°6′N 117°18′W / 34.100°N 117.300°W / 34.100; -117.300
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"San Bernardino" redirects here. For other uses, see San Bernardino (disambiguation).

San Bernardino, California
San Bernardino County Courthouse
Downtown San Bernardino
U.S. Post Office
California Theatre
760
FIPS code06-65000
GNIS feature IDs1661375, 2411777
Websitesbcity.org

San Bernardino (

18th-largest city in California. San Bernardino is the economic, cultural, and political hub of the San Bernardino Valley and the Inland Empire. The governments of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico have established the metropolitan area's only consulates in the downtown area of the city.[9][10]
Additionally, San Bernardino serves as an anchor city to the 3rd largest metropolitan area in California (after Los Angeles and San Francisco) and the 12th largest metropolitan area in the United States; the San Bernardino-Riverside MSA.

Furthermore, the city's

University District serves as a college town, as home to California State University, San Bernardino
.

San Bernardino was named in 1810, when Spanish priest

José del Carmen Lugo the right to settle the area, which was formalized when he was granted Rancho San Bernardino in 1842. Following the American Conquest of California, the community on the rancho incorporated as a city in 1854.[11] The city grew significantly in the late 19th century as a commercial hub at the crossroads between Southern California and the American Southwest
. Today, San Bernardino is an important hub for the Inland Empire and Southern California.

History

Main article: History of San Bernardino, California
See also:
Timeline of San Bernardino, California history

Indigenous

The city of San Bernardino, California, occupies much of the

Payomkawichum, and others.[12][13] The village was located in the eastern expanse of Tovaangar, and was established along the Santa Ana River.[12]

Spanish and Mexican era

With the establishment of

Mission San Gabriel .[14]
: 37–41 

Two years later the settlement was destroyed by local tribesmen, following powerful earthquakes that shook the region. Several years later, the

José del Carmen Lugo family.[14]
: 37–41 

Post-Conquest era

View of San Bernardino in 1852
Downtown San Bernardino in 1905

The area was not largely settled until 1851, following the American

Anglo-American colony was established by pioneers associated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Following the Mormon colonists' purchase of Rancho San Bernardino, and the establishment of the town of San Bernardino in 1851, San Bernardino County was formed in 1853 from parts of Los Angeles County. Mormons laid out the town based on the "City of Zion" plan which was typical of Mormon urban planning.[15]
Mormon colonists developed irrigated, commercial farming and lumbering, supplying agricultural produce and lumber throughout Southern California.

The city was officially incorporated in 1857. Later that year, most of the colonists were recalled by Brigham Young in 1857 due to the Utah War. Once highly regarded in early California, news of the Mountain Meadows Massacre poisoned attitudes toward the Mormons. Some Mormons would stay in San Bernardino and some later returned from Utah, but a real estate consortium from El Monte and Los Angeles bought most of the lands of the old rancho and of the departing colonists. They sold these lands to new settlers who came to dominate the culture and politics in the county and San Bernardino became a typical American frontier town. Many of the new land owners disliked the sober Mormons, indulging in drinking at saloons now allowed in the town. Disorder, fighting and violence in the vicinity became common, reaching a climax in the 1859 Ainsworth - Gentry Affair.

In 1860 a gold rush began in the mountains nearby with the discovery of

gold rush of 1862–1864
.

San Bernardino's Santa Fe Depot, built in 1918 in a Mission Revival style

Near San Bernardino is a naturally formed arrowhead-shaped rock formation on the side of a mountain. It measures 1375 feet by 449 feet. According to the Native American legend regarding the landmark arrowhead, an arrow from Heaven burned the formation onto the mountainside in order to show tribes where they could be healed. During the mid-19th century, "Dr." David Noble Smith claimed that a saint-like being appeared before him and told of a far-off land with exceptional climate and curative waters, marked by a gigantic arrowhead. Smith's search for that unique arrowhead formation began in Texas, and eventually ended at Arrowhead Springs in California in 1857.

By 1889, word of the springs, along with the hotel on the site (and a belief in the effect on general health of the water from the springs) had grown considerably. Hotel guests often raved about the crystal-clear water from the cold springs, which prompted Seth Marshall to set up a bottling operation in the hotel's basement. By 1905, water from the cold springs was being shipped to Los Angeles under the newly created "Arrowhead" trademark.

Indigenous people of the San Bernardino Valley and Mountains were collectively identified by Spanish explorers in the 19th century as

Serrano, a term meaning highlander. Serrano living near what is now Big Bear Lake were called Yuhaviatam, or "People of the Pines". In 1866, to clear the way for settlers and gold miners, state militia conducted a 32-day campaign slaughtering men, women, and children.[16]
Yuhaviatam leader Santos Manuel guided his people from their ancient homeland to a village site in the San Bernardino foothills. The United States government in 1891 established it as a tribal reservation and named it after Santos Manuel.

In 1867, the first Chinese immigrants arrived in San Bernardino.

In 1883, California Southern Railroad established a rail link through San Bernardino between Los Angeles and the rest of the country.

Modern era

California Churrigueresque
-style Harris Department Store in 1940

In 1905, the city of San Bernardino passed its first charter.

Norton Air Force Base was established during World War II. In 1994, Norton Air Force Base closed to become San Bernardino International Airport.

In 1940, Richard and Maurice McDonald founded McDonald's, along with its innovative restaurant concept, in the city.[17]

San Bernardino won the

All-America City award in 1977.[18]

In 1989, a massive derailment took place along Duffy street at the Muscoy area, killing 4 people and destroying seven homes. Then on May 25, an underground petroleum pipeline ruptured, killing 2 more people and burning down 11 more homes.

In August 2012, San Bernardino filed for

Chapter 9 bankruptcy, with more than $1 billion in debt.[19] The move froze the city's payments to creditors, including its pension payments to the California Public Employees' Retirement System for nearly a year. San Bernardino became the largest city at the time to file for a Chapter 9 bankruptcy,[20][21] superseded by Detroit's filing in July 2013. Following a judge's approval, the city emerged from bankruptcy in February 2017, making it one of the longest municipal bankruptcies in the United States.[22]

On December 2, 2015, a terrorist attack left 14 people dead and 22 seriously injured.[23]

Geography

View of Downtown San Bernardino

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 59.6 square miles (154 km2), of which 59.2 square miles (153 km2) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km2), or 0.74%, is water.

The city lies in the San Bernardino foothills and the eastern portion of the San Bernardino Valley, roughly 60 miles (97 km) east of Los Angeles. Some major geographical features of the city include the San Bernardino Mountains and the San Bernardino National Forest, in which the city's northernmost neighborhood, Arrowhead Springs, is located; the Cajon Pass adjacent to the northwest border; City Creek, Lytle Creek, San Timoteo Creek, Twin Creek, Warm Creek (as modified through flood control channels) feed the Santa Ana River, which forms part of the city's southern border south of San Bernardino International Airport. The city has several notable hills and mountains; among them are Perris Hill (named after Fred Perris, an early engineer, and the namesake of Perris, California); Kendall Hill (which is near California State University); and Little Mountain, which rises among Shandin Hills (generally bounded by Sierra Way, 30th Street, Kendall Drive, and Interstate 215).

San Bernardino is unique among Southern Californian cities because of its wealth of water, which is mostly contained in underground aquifers.

Seccombe Lake, named after a former mayor, is a

manmade lake
at Sierra Way and 5th Street.

Climate

January snowfall in the eastern San Bernardino Valley, Shandin Hills are visible in the background.

San Bernardino features a hot-summer

Arrowhead Springs
, San Bernardino's northernmost neighborhood gets snow, heavily at times, due to its elevation of about 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level.

The seasonal

Santa Ana winds are felt particularly strongly in the San Bernardino area as warm and dry air is channeled through nearby Cajon Pass
at times during the autumn months. This phenomenon markedly increases the wildfire danger in the foothills, canyon, and mountain communities that the cycle of cold, wet winters and dry summers helps create.

Climate data for San Bernardino, California, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1893–2004
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 94
(34) 		93
(34) 		97
(36) 		103
(39) 		112
(44) 		116
(47) 		116
(47) 		116
(47) 		117
(47) 		111
(44) 		99
(37) 		93
(34) 		117
(47)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 68.4
(20.2) 		69.2
(20.7) 		72.7
(22.6) 		77.8
(25.4) 		83.4
(28.6) 		90.1
(32.3) 		96.2
(35.7) 		97.3
(36.3) 		92.8
(33.8) 		84.0
(28.9) 		74.3
(23.5) 		67.1
(19.5) 		81.1
(27.3)
Daily mean °F (°C) 55.3
(12.9) 		56.4
(13.6) 		59.2
(15.1) 		63.5
(17.5) 		68.9
(20.5) 		74.3
(23.5) 		79.9
(26.6) 		80.7
(27.1) 		76.8
(24.9) 		69.1
(20.6) 		59.9
(15.5) 		54.1
(12.3) 		66.5
(19.2)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 42.1
(5.6) 		43.6
(6.4) 		45.7
(7.6) 		49.2
(9.6) 		54.3
(12.4) 		58.5
(14.7) 		63.6
(17.6) 		64.2
(17.9) 		60.8
(16.0) 		54.1
(12.3) 		45.5
(7.5) 		41.1
(5.1) 		51.9
(11.1)
Record low °F (°C) 16
(−9) 		21
(−6) 		26
(−3) 		26
(−3) 		33
(1) 		37
(3) 		42
(6) 		40
(4) 		36
(2) 		29
(−2) 		24
(−4) 		19
(−7) 		16
(−9)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.15
(80) 		4.06
(103) 		2.53
(64) 		1.02
(26) 		0.25
(6.4) 		0.07
(1.8) 		0.03
(0.76) 		0.13
(3.3) 		0.25
(6.4) 		0.82
(21) 		1.29
(33) 		2.41
(61) 		16.01
(406.66)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 6.0 7.2 6.8 3.2 1.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.4 2.4 3.2 4.8 38.3
Source 1: NOAA[25]
Source 2: XMACIS2[26]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18801,673—
18904,012139.8%
19006,15053.3%
191012,779107.8%
192018,72146.5%
193037,481100.2%
194043,64616.4%
195063,05844.5%
196091,92245.8%
1970106,86916.3%
1980118,79411.2%
1990164,16438.2%
2000185,40112.9%
2010209,92413.2%
2020222,1015.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[27]

2020

The 2020 United States Census reported that the city of San Bernardino had a population of 222,101. The racial makeup of San Bernardino was 53,786 (24.2%) non-Hispanic white, 27,875 (12.6%)

Latino of any race were 151,125 (68%).[29]

San Bernardino, California – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[30] Pop 2010[31] Pop 2020[32] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White
alone (NH) 		53,630 39,977 28,649 28.93% 19.04% 12.90%
Black or African American
alone (NH) 		29,654 29,897 26,134 15.99% 14.24% 11.77%
Alaska Native
alone (NH) 		1,129 867 742 0.61% 0.41% 0.33%
Asian alone (NH) 7,594 8,027 8,734 4.10% 3.82% 3.93%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 582 704 754 0.31% 0.34% 0.34%
Other race alone (NH) 288 361 1,123 0.16% 0.17% 0.51%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 4,502 4,097 4,840 2.43% 1.95% 2.18%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 88,022 125,994 151,125 47.48% 60.02% 68.04%
Total 185,401 209,924 222,101 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010

Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Bernardino.

The

Latino of any race were 125,994 persons (60.0%).[34]

The Census reported that 202,599 people (96.5% of the population) lived in households, 3,078 (1.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 4,247 (2.0%) were institutionalized.

There were 59,283 households, out of which 29,675 (50.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25,700 (43.4%) were

families
(75.1% of all households); the average family size was 3.89.

The population was spread out, with 67,238 people (32.0%) under the age of 18, 26,654 people (12.7%) aged 18 to 24, 56,221 people (26.8%) aged 25 to 44, 43,277 people (20.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 16,534 people (7.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

There were 65,401 housing units at an average density of 1,096.5 per square mile (423.4/km2), of which 29,838 (50.3%) were owner-occupied, and 29,445 (49.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.5%. 102,650 people (48.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 99,949 people (47.6%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, San Bernardino had a median household income of $39,097, with 30.6% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[34]

Ethnic diversity

Map of racial distribution in San Bernardino, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: ⬤ White ⬤ Black ⬤ Asian ⬤ Hispanic ⬤ Other

Western, central, and parts of eastern San Bernardino are home to mixed-ethnic working class populations, of which the Latino and African-American populations comprise the vast majority of the city. Historically, many Latinos, primarily

Mexican-Americans and Mexicans, lived on Mount Vernon Avenue on the West Side.[35] Since the 1960s, the Medical Center (formerly known as Muscoy) and Base Line corridors were mostly black, in particular in the east side and west side areas centering on public housing projects Waterman Gardens and the public housing on Medical Center drive. The heart of the Mexican-American community is on the West and Southside of San Bernardino, but is slowly expanding throughout the entire city.[36][37] San Bernardino's only Jewish congregation moved to Redlands in December 2009.[38]
Some Asian Americans live in and around the city of San Bernardino, as in a late 19th-century-era (gone)
Japanese-American area in Seccombe Park on the east end of downtown, and a large East-Asian community in North Loma Linda. Others live in nearby Loma Linda to the south across the Santa Ana River. Filipinos are the largest Asian ethnic group in San Bernardino.[39] There is a historic Italian-American community in San Bernardino.[40] There is a rapid increase of Guatemalan immigrants in San Bernardino and the Inland Empire.[41] The white population in San Bernardino has declined while the Hispanic and Asian population increased.[42]

According to 2022 American Community Survey, English ancestry is 4.2%, French (except Basque) is 0.9%, German 4.6%, Irish is 3.9% Italian, 2.1% Norwegian, 0.6%Polish, 0.6%Scottish 0.7% and Subsaharan African - 0.8%.[43]

Economy

Event in Downtown San Bernardino
Hotel in Downtown San Bernardino

The city's location close to the

Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway's intermodal freight transport yard, the Yellow Freight Systems' cross-docking trucking center, and Pacific Motor Trucking. Large warehouses for Kohl's, Mattel, Pep Boys, and Stater Bros. have been developed near the San Bernardino International Airport.[44]

The closing of

Inland region as a whole.[45] Over 15 percent of San Bernardino residents are unemployed as of 2012, and over 40 percent are on some form of public assistance.[46] According to the US Census, 34.6 percent of residents live below the poverty level, making San Bernardino the poorest city for its population in California, and the second poorest in the US next to Detroit.[47]

California Churrigueresque
style Harris Company Building
Top employers

Government, retail, and

service industries dominate the economy of the city of San Bernardino. From 1998 to 2004, San Bernardino's economy grew by 26,217 jobs, a 37% increase, to 97,139. Government was both the largest and the fastest-growing employment sector, reaching close to 20,000 jobs in 2004. Other significant sectors were retail (16,000 jobs) and education (13,200 jobs).[44]

According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[48] the top employers in the city are:

Employer # of employees
Stater Bros. 15,000–25,000
County of San Bernardino
 5,000–14,999
San Bernardino City Unified School District 5,000–14,999
Kohl's 5,000–14,999
Barrett Business Services, Inc. 1,000–4,999
San Bernardino Community College District 1,000–4,999
California Department of Transportation 1,000–4,999
Loma Linda University Medical Center 1,000–4,999
City of San Bernardino
 1,117
California State University, San Bernardino 1,000–4,999

Arts and culture

The historic Fox Theatre
Sevilla, Spain

San Bernardino hosts several major annual events, including: Route 66 Rendezvous,

Little League Championships held each August, as well as the annual anniversary of the birth of the Mother Charter of the Hells Angels
Motorcycle Club, Berdoo California Chapter.

San Bernardino is home to the historic Arrowhead Springs Hotel and Spa, located in the

Arrowhead Springs neighborhood, which encompasses 1,916 acres (7.75 km2) directly beneath the Arrowhead geological monument that presides over the San Bernardino Valley. The resort contains hot springs, in addition to mineral baths and steam caves located deep underground. Long the headquarters for Campus Crusade for Christ, the site now remains largely vacant and unused since their operations moved to Florida.[51] The $300 million Yaamava Resort & Casino, one of the few in southern California that does operate as a resort hotel, is located approximately one mile from the Arrowhead Springs Hotel and Spa.[52]

Museums

The Robert V. Fullerton Museum of Art, located on the campus of California State University, San Bernardino, contains a collection of Egyptian antiquities, ancient pottery from present-day Italy, and funerary art from ancient China. In addition to the extensive antiquities on display, the museum presents contemporary art and changing exhibitions.

The Heritage House holds the collection of the San Bernardino Historic and Pioneer Society, while the San Bernardino County Museum of regional history in Redlands has exhibits relating to the city of San Bernardino as well.

The San Bernardino Railroad and History Museum is located inside the historic Santa Fe Depot. A Route 66 museum is located on the historic site of the original McDonald's restaurant.[53][54]

Specialty museums include the Inland Empire Military Museum,[55] the American Sports Museum, and the adjacent WBC Legends of Boxing Museum.

Performing arts

The historic California Theatre
  • The 1928 California Theatre (San Bernardino), California Theater of the Performing Arts in downtown San Bernardino hosts an array of events, including concerts by the San Bernardino Symphony Orchestra, as well as touring Broadway theater productions presented by Theatrical Arts International, the Inland Empire's largest theater company.[56]
  • San Manuel Amphitheater
    , originally Glen Helen Pavilion at the Cajon Pass is the largest amphitheater in the United States.
  • National Orange Show Festival
    The National Orange Show Events Center contains: the Orange Pavilion; a stadium; two large clear-span exhibition halls; a clear-span geodesic dome; and several ballrooms.
  • Coussoulis Arena in the University District is the largest venue of its type in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties.
  • Sturges Center for the Fine Arts, including the 1924 Sturges Auditorium, hosts lectures, concerts, and other theater.[57]
  • Children's theater company Junior University presents musical performances at the San Manuel Performing Arts Center at Aquinas High School during the summer and in December.
  • The historic 1929 Fox Theater of San Bernardino, located downtown and owned by American Sports University, has recently been restored for new use.
  • The Lyric Symphony Orchestra in nearby Loma Linda, California presents concerts in the city and nearby communities.[58]

Sports

San Manuel Stadium, home of the Inland Empire 66ers

The California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB) Coyotes compete at the NCAA Division II level in a variety of sports. San Bernardino Valley College competes in the CCCAA and is the only school to offer football at the collegiate level in San Bernardino.

CSUSB used to play their home baseball games at the downtown venue,

Arrowhead Credit Union Park, but now play all their home games at the uptown venue, Fiscalini Field.[59]

San Bernardino has had other professional and semi-pro teams over the years, including the San Bernardino Jazz professional women's volleyball team, the San Bernardino Pride Senior Baseball team, and the San Bernardino Spirit California League Single A baseball team.

The

Glen Helen Raceway has hosted off-road motorsport races such as rounds of the AMA Motocross Championship, Motocross World Championship and Lucas Oil Off Road Racing Series
.

San Bernardino also hosts the BSR West Super Late Model Series at Orange Show Speedway. The series fields many drivers, including

Camping World Truck Series regular Ron Hornaday Jr.
, who drove the No. 33 in a race on July 12, 2008.

Inland Empire 66ers

The city hosts the

Single A affiliate from 2007 to 2010. The 66ers play at San Manuel Stadium in downtown San Bernardino.[60]

Parks and recreation

Seccombe Lake Park

San Bernardino offers several parks and other recreation facilities.

Perris Hill Park is the largest with Roosevelt Bowl, Fiscalini Field,[61]
several tennis courts, a Y.M.C.A., a senior center, a shooting range, hiking trails, and a pool.

Other notable parks include: the Glen Helen Regional Park, operated by the County of San Bernardino, is located in the northernmost part of the city.

Blair Park is another midsized park near the University District, it is home to a well known skate park and various hiking trails on Shandin Hills, also known as Little Mountain.

In 2017, San Bernardino park opened its newest park, named in honor of local heroes Bryce Hanes and Jon Cole.[62]

Government

The historic San Bernardino County Court House, built in 1927

The city of San Bernardino is a

San Bernardino County
, the largest organized county in the contiguous United States by area.

The current Mayor of San Bernardino is Helen Tran.[63] The current city council is made up of Theodore Sánchez, Sandra Ibarra, Juan Figueroa, Fred Shorett, Ben Reynoso, Kim Calvin-Johnson and Damon L. Alexander.[64] Bob Holcomb (1922–2010) was the longest-serving mayor of San Bernardino to date, holding the office from 1971 until 1985 and again from 1989 to 1993.[65][66]

In the

the 23rd Senate District, represented by Republican Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh.[67] In the California State Assembly, it is split between the 40th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Pilar Schiavo, and the 47th Assembly District, represented by Republican Greg Wallis.[68]

The Rosa Parks Memorial Building hosts government departments of San Bernardino County.

In the United States House of Representatives, San Bernardino is in California's 33rd congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of D+12[69] and is represented by Democrat Pete Aguilar.[70]

Public safety

San Bernardino has long battled high crime rates. According to statistics published by

U.S. Census Bureau, San Bernardino was among the most poverty-stricken cities in the nation, second nationally behind Detroit.[78]

San Bernardino Downtown Station
Bankruptcy

On July 10, 2012, the City Council of San Bernardino decided to seek protection under Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code, making it the third California municipality to do so in less than two weeks (after Stockton and the town of Mammoth Lakes), and the second-largest ever. According to state law, the city would normally have to negotiate with creditors first, but, because they declared a fiscal emergency in June, that requirement did not apply.[20][21] The case was filed on August 1.[79]

Foreign consulates

The governments of Guatemala, Mexico, and El Salvador have established consulates in the downtown area of the city.[9]

Education

Pfau Library as seen from University Parkway

Most of San Bernardino is within the

Colton, Redlands (far south east) and Rialto (far west) Unified School Districts.[80]

Local public high schools include

Pacific, San Gorgonio High School, and Indian Springs High School. RUSD's Rialto High School is in San Bernardino.[82]

Colleges and universities

San Bernardino is notably home to

CSU System. Founded in 1965, CSUSB is located in the University District
of San Bernardino.

Other higher education in the area includes:

Media

Downtown San Bernardino

San Bernardino is part of the Los Angeles Nielsen area. As such, most its residents receive the same local television and radio stations as residents of Los Angeles.

KPXN, the Los Angeles Ion Television network affiliate, is licensed to San Bernardino, but the station maintains no physical presence there. Most of the northern section of San Bernardino cannot receive over-the-air television broadcasts from Los Angeles because Mount Baldy, and other San Gabriel Mountain peaks, block transmissions from Mount Wilson
.

Historically, San Bernardino has had a number of newspapers. Today, the

Californio community is El Chicano.[84]

Transportation

San Bernardino Santa Fe Depot

The city of San Bernardino is a member of the joint-powers authority of

MARTA. A bus rapid transit corridor, called the sbX Green Line, connects the north part of the city near California State University, San Bernardino and the Verdemont Hills area with the Jerry L. Pettis VA Medical Center in Loma Linda, CA.[85][86]
Additional bus routes and on-demand shuttle service for the disabled and elderly is also provided by Omnitrans. MARTA provides a connection between downtown and the mountain communities.

Major local thoroughfares include

Waterman Avenue

Rail

The sbX Civic Center station in Downtown San Bernardino

San Bernardino station
.

San Bernardino is served by the Metrolink regional rail service. Two lines serve the city: the Inland Empire–Orange County Line and the San Bernardino Line. The San Bernardino Transit Center in the downtown area is where passengers can connect with the sbX Green Line BRT, and regular bus service from MARTA, Omnitrans, and VVTA.[87]

stop at Tippecanoe Avenue
before continuing into Redlands.

From 1941 to 1947, the city was served by the Pacific Electric Upland–San Bernardino Line.

Airports

San Bernardino International Airport

San Bernardino International Airport is physically located within the city and provides commercial passenger air service. The airport is the former site of Norton Air Force Base which operated from 1942 – 1994. In 1989, Norton was placed on the Department of Defense closure list and the majority of the closure occurred in 1994, with the last offices finally leaving in 1995.[88][circular reference] Several warehouses have been, and continue to be, built in the vicinity.

The facility, itself, is within the jurisdiction of the Inland Valley Development Agency, a joint powers authority, and the San Bernardino

Airport Authority. Hillwood, a venture run by H. Ross Perot Jr., is the master developer of the project, which it calls AllianceCalifornia. The airport currently offers commercial passenger service out of its both the domestic and international terminals.[89]

Notable people

Main article: List of people from San Bernardino, California

Sister cities

San Bernardino's

sister cities are:[90]

See also

  • List of largest California cities by population

References

  1. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  2. ^ Folmer, James. "Party affiliation of the mayors of the 100 largest cities".
  3. ^ "City Manager's Office". City of San Bernardino. Archived from the original on June 16, 2017. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
  4. ^ "City Attorney's Office". City of San Bernardino. Retrieved November 5, 2019.
  5. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  6. ^ "San Bernardino". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved December 3, 2014.
  7. ^ "San Bernardino Census". US Census. Retrieved August 13, 2021.
  8. ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: San Bernardino city, California; United States".
  9. ^ a b DAVID OLSON (March 7, 2014). "IMMIGRATION: Guatemala to open San Bernardino consulate". Press Enterprise. Archived from the original on March 17, 2014.
  10. ^ Lopez, Nadia (February 23, 2022). "Salvadoran community is growing in Fresno. The city is getting a new consulate this spring". amp.fresnobee.com. The Fresno Bee. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
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Further reading

Books
  • Edward Leo Lyman, San Bernardino: The Rise and Fall of a California Community, Signature Books, 1996.
  • Walter C. Schuiling, San Bernardino County: Land of Contrasts, Windsor Publications, 1984
  • Nick Cataldo, Images of America: San Bernardino, California, Arcadia Publishing, 2002
Articles

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Bernardino,_California&oldid=1219219961"