Sancho IV of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés IV | |
---|---|
Placencia of Normandy | |
House | Jiménez |
Father | García Sánchez III of Pamplona |
Mother | Stephanie of Foix |
Sancho Garcés IV (
King of Pamplona from 1054 until his death. He was the eldest son of García Sánchez III and his wife, Stephanie, and was crowned king of Pamplona after his father was killed during the Battle of Atapuerca
.
Reign
Sancho was the eldest son and heir of
García Sánchez III and his wife Stephanie. García was killed at the Battle of Atapuerca on 1 September 1054 during a war with the Kingdom of León. Sancho, who was then fourteen years of age, was proclaimed king by the army in the camp by the field of battle with the consent of the king of León, Ferdinand I, also his uncle.[2] Sancho's mother served as his regent until her death on 25 May 1058. Remaining faithful to her husband's policies, she continued to support the monastery of Santa María la Real of Nájera
.
Soon after Sancho's accession, many lords in the west of the kingdom went over to the Leonese. Only
Guipúzcoa.[3]
As king, Sancho received support from his other uncle, King
Undués and the castle of Sangüesa. These places were probably to be held as fiefs or in a similar arrangement. Beginning in 1060, Sancho put pressure on al-Muqtadir, king of Zaragoza, and exacted from him annual payments of tribute, parias.[3]
War and assassination
From 1065, he was in conflict with Castile, raised to a kingdom for Ferdinand's son
Sancho of Aragón. Their forces were defeated by Sancho of Castile and his trusted alférez (supreme commander) El Cid. Sancho of Pamplona lost Bureba, Alta Rioja, and Álava
to Sancho of Castile.
Sancho IV was assassinated in Peñalén (
La Rioja
and Sancho was proclaimed king in Pamplona.
Marriage and family
Sancho Garcés IV married a French woman, Placencia, in 1068.[4] with whom he had two children:
- García Sánchez, who was removed from the line of succession by Sancho Ramírez after the death of Sancho Garcés IV in 1076. García Sánchez died in Toledo around the year 1092.
- García Sánchez, with the same name as the eldest son, dead after 1092. His existence is confirmed on a diploma from the Monastery of Valvanera dated in 1092, which states Garsea et alter Garsea, germani, filii Sanchii regis Nagerensis.
Sancho Garcés had a lover named Jimena with whom he had two illegitimate children:
- Raimundo Sánchez, lord of Esquiroz.
- Urraca Sánchez
Ancestry
Ancestors of Sancho IV of Pamplona[5] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Notes
- ^ Sancho IV, Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ Narbaitz 2007, pp. 153–55.
- ^ a b Narbaitz 2007, pp. 153–.
- ^ Reilly 1995, p. 71.
- ^ Salas Merino 2008, pp. 216–218.
Sources
- "Sancho IV (king of Navarre)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2010. Retrieved 25 March 2010.
- Martín Duque, Ángel J. (2002). "Vasconia en la Alta Edad Media: Somera aproximación histórica". Príncipe de Viana. 63 (227): 871–908.
- Narbaitz, Pierre (2007). Navarra o cuando los vascos tenían reyes. Editorial Txalaparta.
- Reilly, Bernard F. (1995). The Contest of Christian and Muslim Spain 1031–1157. Blackwell Publishing.
- Salas Merino, Vicente (2008). La Genealogía de Los Reyes de España [The Genealogy of the Kings of Spain] (in Spanish) (4th ed.). Madrid: Editorial Visión Libros. ISBN 978-84-9821-767-4.