Sash of the Three Orders
Sash of the Three Orders Banda das Três Ordens | |
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Presidential Sash and Breast Star | |
Established | 17 June 1789[1] |
Motto | Praeclara Clarissimi |
Eligibility | President of the Republic in office |
Awarded for | exclusive use of the President of Portugal in office |
Grand Master | President of the Portuguese Republic |
Grades | Grand Cross (BTO)[2] |
Precedence | |
Next (higher) | None |
Next (lower) | Sash of the Two Orders |
Ribbon bar of the Sash of the Three Orders |
The Sash of the Three Orders (
Unlike other decorations, the Sash is not granted to Presidents upon their inauguration, but rather only worn by them during their terms in office.[3] It can be worn with any of the Grand Collars of the orders possessing that grade, but without the sash and wearing the respective order's star that gives precedence to that of the Three Orders' Sash.[4]
History
The decoration, along with the similar
It was during the reign of Maria I that the orders were secularized from religious orders into military
During the era of the constitutional monarchy, it was customary to confer the Sash on foreign
In 1962, a new decree restricted the Sash of the Three Orders to a decoration exclusive to the President, and thus could no longer be conferred.
Brazilian line
The Brazilian branch of the Three Orders' Sash was founded by Emperor Pedro I on 13 May 1825, and was abolished in 1891 by the First Brazilian Republic.[9]
Insignia
- The badge of the decoration is an oval in gold filigree, royal crown, and each cross surmounted by a Heart of Jesus decoration; after 1910 the crown was replaced by a laurel wreath.[5] The Brazilian version of the badge used the imperial crown.[9]
- The sash of the decoration is constituted of three equal stripes, its colors in the following order: green (Aviz), red (Christ), and violet (St. James); before 1796 the colors were red, green, and red.[5]
- The star of the decoration is a gilt circle depicting the crosses of the three orders, superimposed on an eight-pointed star in silver with a gold border.[10] During the era of the monarchy, the star was surmounted by a Heart of Jesus decoration; prior to 1962 the decoration used a silver "splendor" of 22 or 24 rays.[5] Upon his abdication, Pedro I wore a modified breast star modeled on that of the Order of the Southern Cross.[9]
- The rosette of the decoration was first introduced in 2011, and designed to be worn with civilian clothing. It is 12 millimeters in diameter with gold trim, with the same colors as the ribbon.[4]
Notable foreign recipients
From 1789 to 1910:
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From 1918 to 1962:[22]
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Gallery
In the official portraits of many of the Portuguese Heads of State from the 19th and 20th centuries, the Sash of the Three Orders is one of the main piece represented:
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Maria I of Portugal, the Pious
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John VI of Portugal, the Clement
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Peter IV of Portugal & I of Brazil, the Soldier King
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Maria II of Portugal, the Educator
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Fernando II of Portugal, the Artist King
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Peter V of Portugal, the Hopeful
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Luís I of Portugal, the Popular
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Carlos I of Portugal, the Diplomat
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Manuel II of Portugal, the Patriot
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Doctor Bernardino Machado, 3rd and 8th President of Portugal
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Dr. António José de Almeida, 6th President of Portugal
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Manuel Teixeira Gomes, 7th President of Portugal
Several portraits of Portuguese and Brazilian royalty also display the use of the Sash:
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Augusto, Duke of Santa Cruz, Prince-consort of Portugal
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Pedro II of Brazil, the Magnanimous, wearing the Brazilian version of the Sash
References
- ^ a b "História da Banda das Três Ordens". Presidência da República. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ^ "Chancelaria: entitades estrangeiras agraciadas com ordens Portuguesas". Presidência da República. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Banda das Três Ordens". Presidência da República. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Portuguese Orders of Merit – New Law and Regulations". Phaleristics Academy of Portugal. 21 September 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f António M. Trigueiros & Gustav A. Tammann (1997). "The Three Portugese [sic] Military Orders of Knighthood (1789-1910)" (PDF). Orders and Medals Society of America: 15, 17–18. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
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(help) - ^ a b Bernard Burke, ed. (1858). "Portugal". The Book of Orders of Knighthood and Decorations of Honour. London: Hurst & Blackett. p. 186.
- ^ Bragança, Jose Vicente de (2014). "Agraciamentos Portugueses Aos Príncipes da Casa Saxe-Coburgo-Gota" [Portuguese Honours awarded to Princes of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]. Pro Phalaris (in Portuguese). 9–10: 4, 6. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ^ "Decree No. 5030". Diário do Governo (in Portuguese) (264). 6 December 1918. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
- ^ a b c Trigueiros & Tammann (1997), pp. 19-21
- ^ "Insígnias da Banda da Três Ordens". Presidência da República. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d Trigueiros, António Miguel (1999), D. João VI e o seu Tempo (PDF) (in Portuguese), Ajuda National Palace, Lisbon: Portuguese Commission on Discoveries, p. 236, archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013, retrieved 10 May 2020
- ISSN 0873-1330. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
- ^ Trigueiros (1999), p. 232
- ^ José Martins, "O Rei Chulalongkorn do Sião Visitou Portugal", History between Portugal and Thailand (in Portuguese), archived from the original on 5 March 2016, retrieved 20 May 2020 – via aquimaria.com
- ISSN 0873-1330. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
- ^ Bragança (2011), p. 276
- ISBN 978-972-565-392-0.
- ^ Bragança (2011), p. 282
- ^ Bragança (2011), p. 272
- ^ Bragança (2014), pp. 7-12
- ^ José Martins. "O Rei Chulalongkorn do Sião Visitou Portugal". History between Portugal and Thailand (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2020 – via aquimaria.com.
- ^ "Banda da Grã-Cruz das Três Ordens" (in Portuguese), Arquivo Histórico da Presidência da República. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
- ^ Bragança (2014), p. 11