Schwäbisch Hall
Schwäbisch Hall | |
---|---|
Location of Schwäbisch Hall within Schwäbisch Hall district | |
Stadtteile | |
Government | |
• Lord mayor (2021–29) | Daniel Bullinger[1] (FDP) |
Area | |
• Total | 104.23 km2 (40.24 sq mi) |
Elevation | 304 m (997 ft) |
Population (2022-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 41,898 |
• Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
Postal codes | 74523 |
Dialling codes | 0791, 07907 (Sulzdorf, Tüngental), 07977 (Sittenhardt, Wielandsweiler) |
Vehicle registration | SHA, CR |
Website | www.schwaebischhall.de |
Schwäbisch Hall (German pronunciation: [ˌʃvɛːbɪʃ ˈhal]; 'Swabian Hall'; from 1802 until 1934 and colloquially: Hall [3]) is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg located in the valley of the Kocher river, the longest tributary (together with its headwater Lein) of the Neckar river. The closest larger city is Heilbronn, and Schwäbisch Hall lies north-east of the state capital of Stuttgart. It is the seat of the district (Landkreis) of Schwäbisch Hall.
Unlike its name might suggest, and unlike
.The city's main landmarks are the market square with St Michael's Church (
Schwäbisch Hall was a
Etymology
"Schwäbisch" refers to the
History
Early history
Salt was produced from
The town was first mentioned in a document called Öhringer Stiftungsbrief dating from 1063.After the fall of the house of Hohenstaufen, Hall defended itself successfully against the claims of a noble family in the neighbourhood
Middle ages
From the 14th to the 16th centuries, Hall systematically acquired a large territory in the surrounding area, mostly from noble families and the
Hall suffered severely during the Thirty Years' War, though it was never besieged or scene of a battle. However, it was forced to pay enormous sums to the armies of the various parties, especially to the imperial, Swedish and French troops, who also committed numerous atrocities and plundered the city and the surrounding area. Between 1634 and 1638 every fifth inhabitant died of hunger and disease, especially from the bubonic plague. The war left the city an impoverished and economically ruined place. But with the help of reorganizations of salt production and trade and a growing wine trade, there was an astonishingly fast recovery.
17th century to early 20th century
Fires were a constant threat to the mostly wooden houses of the city. The great fires of 1680 and especially of 1728 destroyed much of the city, which led to new buildings in the Baroque style, such as the city hall.
The
In 1827, a health spa was established on one of the islands in the Kocher river. Especially after the building of the railway (1862) it became a considerable economical factor. The well-preserved old town also brought a rising number of tourists. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Hall has developed many festivities. Especially well known are the theatre productions which are performed every year in the centre of the city on the steps of St. Michael.
Nazi Germany and World War II
In 1934, Hall was officially named Schwäbisch Hall. During the
Post World War II
In 1960, Schwäbisch Hall reached the status of a Große Kreisstadt.[6] This means that the city took over some tasks of the district.[6] From the end of World War II until the end of the Cold War, Dolan Barracks and Schwäbisch Hall Army Air Field was a kaserne which hosted a series of US Army aviation units and ordnance units until it was turned back over to German control in 1993.[7]
Demographics
As of December 31, 2009, Schwäbisch Hall has a population of 36,799. The residents of Schwäbisch Hall come from over 100 countries.[8] As of December 31, 2008, there are 18,838 Protestants, 7,375 Roman Catholics and 10,234 who are either in another religion or not religious.[9] In 2017 Schwäbisch Hall had a population of over 39,000.
Climate
Climate data for Schwäbisch Hall (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.1 (34.0) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.7 (49.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.6 (49.3) |
5.0 (41.0) |
1.9 (35.4) |
9.8 (49.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 74 (2.9) |
65 (2.6) |
71 (2.8) |
51 (2.0) |
80 (3.1) |
78 (3.1) |
89 (3.5) |
71 (2.8) |
59 (2.3) |
75 (3.0) |
70 (2.8) |
89 (3.5) |
872 (34.4) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 55.7 | 81.9 | 134.3 | 185 | 210.7 | 225.6 | 240.4 | 226.1 | 168.2 | 110.1 | 59 | 45.5 | 1,742.5 |
Source: Deutscher Wetterdienst[10][11][12] |
Architecture
Schwäbisch Hall has a mix of historic and modern buildings.[8] The older are mostly medieval, and with Timber Frame, Gothic and Baroque styles dominating the city centre. The more modern are on the outskirts and suburbs, helping preserve the history of the city.
-
City hall by night
-
Ensemble of houses with modern Kunsthalle Würth
-
Johanniterhalle, exhibition site of Darmstadt Madonna
Culture
There is an outdoor summer theatre which performs on the open-air staircase at St. Michael's Church and at the Globe Theatre.[3] The Hällisch-Frankische Museum and the Hohenloher Freilandmuseum (Wackershofen open air museum) shows the history of the region starting from the Middle Ages.[3]
The Kunsthalle Würth, a modern art gallery, can be explored to see paintings, graphic art, and sculptures dating from the 19th century onward.[3] Schwäbisch Hall and the surrounding area offer a plenty of leisure activities which includes sports flying, swimming, hiking and cycling.[3]
Other parts of the city's culture includes the Salt Festival where the historical salt economy of the city is celebrated, the Summer Night Festival, the Baker's Oven Festival and the Christmas Market which includes traditional handicrafts.[13]
Education
Schwäbisch Hall has a long tradition as a city of learning.[14]
Schwäbisch Hall offers education opportunities through vocational schools and various technical schools. Programs are offered in schools such as Schwäbisch Hall Evangelical School of Social Work, Social Service Department of Social Professions, Protestant vocational school for the elderly, School of Alternative Education Nursing, School of Nursing and the Ayurvedic teaching and training institute, the Institute of Ayurveda and Yoga.[14]
Due to a branch of the Goethe-Institut at Schwäbisch Hall, the city attracts up to 2,000 students a year, coming from countries around the world to study the German language.[15] The programs are especially popular during the summer, as college students attend the program over their break to earn credits and improve their German.
The City Archives Hall is a documentation centre, which allows for historical research and memory management.[16] The duties of the City Archives Hall are the ordering, preparing, evaluating and management of its archives and collections, to support historical research, to collaborate in exhibitions and to publish its own or other publications on the history of Schwäbisch Hall.[16]
The archive keeps official records and files of the present city administration and its predecessors, and of collection items of different type and origin, which refer to the city, such as photographs, posters, graphics, paintings, maps and plans, or a newspaper clipping collection.[16] There are also extensive library collections in the literature on the history of Schwäbisch Hall and the region, as well as valuable historical prints.[16]
Politics
The Lord Mayor of Schwäbisch Hall is Daniel Bullinger, elected in July 2021.
Next scheduled elections for citizens of Schwäbisch Hall
This section needs to be updated.(September 2021) |
Election | Timeframe | Length of term | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Mayor | Spring 2013 | 8 Years | [18] |
Federal | Autumn 2013 | 4 years | |
Ortschaftsrat | Summer 2014 | 5 years | |
Council | Summer 2014 | 5 years | |
District Council | Summer 2014 | 5 years | |
European Parliament | Summer 2014 | 5 years | |
State | Spring 2016 | 5 years |
Economy
Schwäbisch Hall is the most important regional economic hub between
Annually, there are up to 600 overnight stays in Schwäbisch Hall hotels by Goethe-Institut students.[15]
overnight stays | Source | |
---|---|---|
Total | 193,213 | [20] |
By foreigners | 41,600 | |
Tax rates | Rate | Source |
Land tax A | 400 v.H. | [20] |
Land tax B | 400 v.H. | |
Trade tax | 280 v.H. | |
Retail trade | Source | |
Catchment area | 160,000 people | [20] |
City SHA | 305.1 Mio. Euro | |
Per capita | 8,320 Euro | |
Purchasing power of the city | 100.2 | |
Employment stats | Source | |
People employed and subjected to social insurance |
20,563 | [20] |
producing trade | 5,188 | |
trade, restaurants and traffic | 3,424 | |
service sector | 11,951 | |
Incoming commuters | 12,119 | |
Outgoing commuters | 4,809 | |
Unemployment rate | 4.5% |
Transport
Roads
Schwäbisch Hall has an exit on the Autobahn 6 (Heilbronn–Nürnberg). Federal highways 14 (Stuttgart–Nürnberg) and 19 (Ulm–Aalen–Schwäbisch Hall–Würzburg) also run through the city.
Railways
Schwäbisch Hall-Hessental station is at the junction of the Waiblingen–Schwäbisch Hall railway and the Crailsheim–Heilbronn railway and Schwäbisch Hall station (the city station) is on the Crailsheim–Heilbronn railway.
Aviation
The city is served by two aerodromes, very close to each other, but neither offers commercial air transport. To the North of Tüngentaler Strasse is the recreational grass airfield of Weckrieden (EDTX), to the South is Adolf Würth Airport (EDTY), closely associated with the Würth group of companies and hosting their own business jet operations.
Health
Schwäbisch Hall has a history with brine.[21] The first brine bath started in 1827.[21] Diakonie-Krankenhaus, with 574 beds, is the main hospital in Schwäbisch Hall.[21] There are 100 general practitioners, medical specialists and physiotherapists in Schwäbisch Hall.[21] There are health fairs such as Well-Vital Health Fair and the Haller Gesundheits- und Naturheiltagen in Schwäbisch Hall.[21]
Sports
The sports played in Schwäbisch Hall include swimming, light athletics, tennis, shooting, soccer, baseball, handball and American football.[22] There are 22 sports halls and 25 outdoor playing fields.[22] The Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns have been among the preeminent German American football teams ever since their two national championships in 2011 and 2012. The Unicorns are further notable for being the former team of Moritz Böhringer.
Twin towns – sister cities
Schwäbisch Hall is twinned with:[23]
- Épinal, France (1964)
- Loughborough, England, United Kingdom (1966)
- Lappeenranta, Finland (1985)
- Neustrelitz, Germany (1988)
- Zamość, Poland (1989)
- Balıkesir, Turkey (2006)
- Rasht, Iran (2016) Rasht, Iran (2016)[citation needed]
Notable people
- Melchior Hofmann(around 1500–1543), Baptist leader
- Thomas Schweicker (1540–1602), armless artist
- Johann Ulrich Steigleder (1593–1635), composer and organist
- Otto Ruff (1871–1939), chemist
- Maria Kiene (1889–1979), teacher and child welfare association head
- Walter Haeussermann (1914–2010), German-American aerospace engineer and physicist
- Hans Beißwenger (1916–1943), Luftwaffe pilot
- Wolfgang Gönnenwein (1933–2015), conductor, music educator and politician
- Joachim Rücker (born 1951), diplomat
- Susanne Erding-Swiridoff (born 1955), composer
- Hartmut Abendschein (born 1969), German – Swiss writer
- Heinrich Schmieder (1970–2010), actor
- Marco Sailer (born 1985), footballer
- Tobias Weis (born 1985), footballer
- Louk Sorensen (born 1985), Irish tennis player
- Jonas Koch (born 1993), cyclist
References
- ^ a b Oberbürgermeisterwahl Schwäbisch Hall 2021, Staatsanzeiger.
- Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg. June 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g The city of Schwäbisch Hall, Goethe-Institut, retrieved March 22, 2011
- ^ Kuno Ulshöfer, Herta Beutter (ed.): Hall und das Salz. Beiträge zur hällischen Stadt- und Salinengeschichte, Sigmaringen 1982, p. 8.
- ^ "Schwäbisch Hall". castleroad.de. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j The history of Schwäbisch Hall - an overview, Schwäbisch Hall, retrieved March 23, 2021
- ^ Elkins, Walter. "U.S. ARMY INSTALLATIONS - HEILBRONN". USARMYGERMANY.COM. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
- ^ a b c d Welcome, Schwäbisch Hall, retrieved March 23, 2011
- ^ "Religion" (in German). Schwäbisch Hall. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
- ^ "Lufttemperatur: vieljährige Mittelwerte 1991 - 2020" [Air Temperature: Long-term averages for 1991-2020]. dwd.de (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ "Niederschlag: vieljährige Mittelwerte 1991 - 2020" [Precipitation: Long-term averages for 1991-2020]. dwd.de (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ "Sonnenscheindauer: vieljährige Mittelwerte 1991 - 2020" [Sunshine: Long-term averages for 1991-2020]. dwd.de (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ GmbH, Q4U. "Festivals and Celebrations – City Schwäbisch Hall". www.schwaebischhall.de. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b "Schulen in Schwäbisch Hall" (in German). Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
- ^ a b Goethe-Institute, Schwäbisch Hall, retrieved March 23, 2011
- ^ a b c d "Stadt- und Hospitalarchiv" (in German). Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
- ^ "Open Source for municipalities". Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
- ^ "Wahlen in Schwäbisch Hall". Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
- ^ Learning German in Schwäbisch Hall, Goethe Institute, retrieved March 22, 2011
- ^ a b c d "Overview of Economic Data". Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e "Health and Wellness". Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
- ^ a b The sports city, Schwäbisch Hall, retrieved March 23, 2011
- ^ "Schwäbisch Hall und seine Partnerstädte". schwaebischhall.de (in German). Schwäbisch Hall. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
External links
- Official website (in English)
- Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. .