Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic

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"Transliteration of Cyrillic" redirects here. For the broader topic of all forms of romanization of Cyrillic, see
Romanization of Cyrillic
.

Scientific transliteration, variously called academic, linguistic, international, or scholarly transliteration, is an international system for transliteration of text from the Cyrillic script to the Latin script (romanization). This system is most often seen in linguistics publications on Slavic languages.

Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic into Latin was first introduced in 1898 as part of the standardization process for the Preußische Instruktionen (PI) in 1899.

Details

The scientific transliteration system is roughly as

Glagolitic alphabet
, which has a close correspondence to Cyrillic.

Scientific transliteration is often adapted to serve as a phonetic alphabet.[2]

Scientific transliteration was the basis for the

ISO/R 9:1968
and is now restricted to a one-to-one mapping of letters. It thus allows for unambiguous reverse transliteration into the original Cyrillic text and is language-independent.

The previous official Soviet romanization system,

GOST 7.79
instead, which is not the same as ISO 9 but close to it.

Representing all of the necessary diacritics on computers requires

Latin-7
encoding.

Table

Prussian Instructions, scientific transliteration, and ISO 9
Cyrillic scientific transliteration PI[3] ISO 9
Church
Slavonic 		Bulgarian Russian Belarusian Ukrainian Serbian Macedonian
А а a a a a a a a a a
Б б b b b b b b b b b
В в v v v v v v v v v
Г г g g g h h g g g (h BE UK) g
Ґ ґ
 g[a] g ġ g̀ (g BE UK)
Д д d d d d d d d d d
Ѓ ѓ ǵ (ģ) ǵ
Ђ ђ đ (dj) ď đ
Е е e e e e e e e e
Ё ё ë ë ë ë
Є є e je je ê
Ж ж ž ž ž ž ž ž ž ž ž
З з z z z z z z z z z
Ѕ ѕ ʒ (dz) dz ẑ
И и i i i y i i i i
I і i i[a] i i ī ì
Ї ї i ji (ï) ï
Й й
 j j j j j j
Ј ј j j j ǰ
К к k k k k k k k k k
Л л l l l l l l l l l
Љ љ lj (ļ/ľ) lj (ļ/ľ) ľ ľ
М м m m m m m m m m m
Н н n n n n n n n n n
Њ њ nj (ň/ń/ņ) nj (ň/ń/ņ) ń ň
О о o o o o o o o o o
П п p p p p p p p p p
Р р r r r r r r r r r
С с s s s s s s s s s
Т т t t t t t t t t t
Ќ ќ ḱ (ķ) ḱ
Ћ ћ ǵ ć ć ć
У у u u u u u u u u
ОУ оу u
Ў ў
 ŭ (w) ŭ
Ф ф f f f f f f f f f
Х х x h x (ch) x (ch) x (ch) h h ch h
Ц ц c c c c c c c c c
Ч ч č č č č č č č č č
Џ џ dž (ģ) dž ǵ d̂
Ш ш š š š š š š š š š
Щ щ
 šč (št) št šč šč šč (št BG) ŝ
Ъ ъ ъ (ǔ) ǎ ʺ -[b] (ŭ BG) ʺ
Ы ы y (ū) y y y[a] y y
Ь ь ь (ǐ) j ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ
Ѣ ѣ ě ě[a] ě[a] ě[a] ě[a] ě ě
Э э è è ė è
Ю ю ju ju ju ju ju ju û
Я я ja ja ja ja ja â
 ʼ  ʼ
Ѡ ѡ o, ô
Ѧ ѧ
 ę
Ѩ ѩ
 ję
Ѫ ѫ
 ǫ ă[a] ă ǎ
Ѭ ѭ
 jǫ jă[a]
Ѯ ѯ ks
Ѱ ѱ ps
Ѳ ѳ th (θ) f[a] f[a] f[a] ḟ f̀
Ѵ ѵ ü (i)[a] (i)[a] (i)[a] ẏ ỳ
Ѥ ѥ je
Ꙗ ꙗ
 ja
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o archaic letter
  2. ^ Indicated by - (hyphen) if medial, disregarded if final.

( ) Letters in parentheses are older or alternative transliterations. Ukrainian and Belarusian apostrophe are not transcribed. The early Cyrillic letter koppa (Ҁ, ҁ) was used only for transliterating Greek and its numeric value and was thus omitted. Prussian Instructions and ISO 9:1995 are provided for comparison.

Unicode encoding is:

  • U+02BC ʼ MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE for the Cyrillic apostrophe
  • U+02B9 ʹ MODIFIER LETTER PRIME to transliterate the soft sign[4]
  • U+02BA ʺ MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE PRIME to transliterate the hard sign[4]

See also

Notes

  1. Wikidata Q104231343
  2. ^ Timberlake 2004, p 24.
  3. Wikidata Q104231343
  4. ^ a b The templates {{softsign}} and {{hardsign}} may be used for the proper character.

References

  • (Winter 2003) "Transliteration", in Slavic and East European Journal, 47 (4):backmatter—every issue of this journal has a transliteration reference in the back, including a table labelled “ISO Transliteration System”, although it is different from the latest version of ISO 9:1995.
  • IDS (Informationsverbund Deutschschweiz, 2001) Katalogisierungsregeln IDS (KIDS), Anhänge, “IDS G.4: Transliteration der slavischen kyrillischen Alphabete” (Archive).
    Universität Zürich
    . URL accessed on 2009-05-27 (PDF format, in German)—ISO/R 9 1968 standardization of scientific transliteration
  • Timberlake, Alan (2004), A Reference Grammar of Russian,
    ISBN 0-521-77292-3
    .

External links
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