Scourge
A scourge is a
Etymology
The word is most commonly considered to be derived from Old French escorgier - "to whip", going further back to the Vulgar Latin excorrigiare: the Latin
Description
A scourge (
The scourge, or
The priests of Cybele scourged themselves and others. Such stripes were considered sacred.[4]
Hard material can be affixed to multiple thongs to give a flesh-tearing "bite". A scourge with these additions is called a scorpion. Scorpio is Latin for a Roman flagrum and is referred to in the Bible: 1 Kings 12:11: "...My father scourged you with whips; I will scourge you with scorpions" said Rehoboam, referring to increased conscription and taxation beyond Solomon's. The name testifies to the pain caused by the arachnid. Testifying to its frequent Roman application is the existence of the Latin words Flagrifer 'carrying a whip' and Flagritriba 'often-lashed slave'.[4] According to the Gospel of John, Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea, ordered Jesus to be scourged.[5]
Scourging was soon adopted as a sanction in the monastic discipline of the fifth and following centuries. Early in the fifth century it is mentioned by
From then on the practice appeared in most medieval religious orders and associations.
Metaphoric use
Semi-literal usages such as "the scourge of God" for
See also
- Cat o' nine tails
- Flagellation, includes flogging
- Knout
- Skin
Notes
- ^ "The Crook and Flail in Ancient Egypt". touregypt. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- ^ public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "scourge". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ISBN 0486226816.
- ^ a b c d e Tierney 1909.
- ^ John 19:1
- ^ Tierney 1909 cites Historia Lausiaca vi
- ^ Tierney 1909 cites Socrates Hist. Eccl., IV, xxiii
- ^ Tierney 1909 cites Patrologia Latina, LXVII, 1111
- ^ Tierney 1909 cites Patrologia Latina, LXVIII, 392, 401-02
- ^ Tierney 1909 cites Hefele, "Concilieng.", II, 594, 656
- Gretser, "De spontaneâ disciplinarum seu flagellorum cruce libri tres" (Ingolstadt, 1603); Franz Quirin von Kober, "Die körperliche Züchtigung als kirchliches Strafmittel gegen Cleriker und Mönche" in Tüb. "Quartalschrift" (1875).
- ^ Tierney 1909 cites Patrologia Latina, CXLIV, 1017; the surname means 'strapped'
References
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Tierney, John j. (1909). "Flagellation". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
Further reading
- H. H. Mallinckrodt, Latijn-Nederlands woordenboek (Latin-Dutch dictionary)
External links
- Scourging of Jesus - Video scene from the movie The Passion of the Christ