Sebaceous gland
skin layers. A hair follicle with associated structures. (Sebaceous glands labeled at center left.) | |
Identifiers | |
---|---|
MeSH | D012627 |
TA98 | A16.0.00.030 A15.2.07.044 |
TA2 | 7082 |
FMA | 59160 |
Anatomical terminology] |
A sebaceous gland or oil gland
Structure
Location
Sebaceous glands are found throughout all areas of the skin, except the
Sebaceous glands are found in hair-covered areas, where they are connected to
Sebaceous glands are also found in hairless areas (
Development
Sebaceous glands are first visible from the 13th to the 16th week of
The sebaceous glands of a human
-
Base of pilosebaceous unit
-
Insertion of sebaceous glands intohair shaft
-
upper eyelid.
-
A hair follicle with associated structures
-
Scalp cross section showing hair follicle with sebaceous glands.
Function
Relative to keratinocytes that make up the hair follicle, sebaceous glands are composed of huge cells with many large vesicles that contain the sebum.
Sebaceous glands secrete the oily, waxy substance called sebum (
Sebum is produced in a
Sebum
Sebum is secreted by the sebaceous gland in humans. It is primarily composed of
Immune function and nutrition
Sebaceous glands are part of the body's
Unique sebaceous glands
During the last three months of
The
Clinical significance
Sebaceous glands are involved in skin problems such as
Acne
There are many treatments available for acne from reducing sugars in the diet, to medications that include antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and hormonal treatments.[31] Retinoids reduce the amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands.[32] Should the usual treatments fail, the presence of the Demodex mite could be looked for as the possible cause.[33]
Other
Other conditions that involve the sebaceous glands include:
- Seborrhoea refers to overactive sebaceous glands, a cause of oily skin[5] or hair.[16]
- Sebaceous hyperplasia, referring to excessive proliferation of the cells within the glands, and visible macroscopically as small papules on the skin, particularly on the forehead, nose and cheeks.[34]
- newborn infants, seborrhoea dermatitis can occur as cradle cap.
- Seborrheic-like psoriasis (also known as "Sebopsoriasis",[36] and "Seborrhiasis") is a skin condition characterized by psoriasis with an overlapping seborrheic dermatitis.[3]: 193
- tumour—which may, however, in rare cases be a precursor to a cancer syndrome known as Muir–Torre syndrome.[5]
- Sebaceous carcinoma, an uncommon and aggressive cutaneous tumour.[37]
- pilar cyst, though neither of these contain sebum, only keratin and do not originate in the sebaceous gland and so are not true sebaceous cysts. A true sebaceous cyst is relatively rare and is known as a steatocystoma.[38]
- Nevus sebaceous, a hairless region or plaque on the scalp or skin, caused by an overgrowth of sebaceous glands. The condition is congenital and the plaque becomes thicker into adulthood.[39]
- cutaneous condition characterized by an overgrowth of sebaceous glands.[36]
History
The word sebaceous, meaning 'consisting of sebum', was first termed in 1728 and comes from the Latin for 'tallow'.
Other animals
The preputial glands of mice and rats are large modified sebaceous glands that produce pheromones used for territorial marking.[5] These and the scent glands in the flanks of hamsters have a similar composition to human sebaceous glands, are androgen responsive, and have been used as a basis for study.[5] Some species of bat, including the Mexican free-tailed, have a specialized sebaceous gland occurring on the throat called a "gular gland".[44] This gland is present more frequently in males than females, and it is hypothesized that the secretions of the gland are used for scent-marking.[45]
See also
- List of glands of the human body
- Nasal sebum
- Sebaceous filament
- List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
References
- ^ "Hair follicle sebaceous gland: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image". medlineplus.gov. Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- PMID 29484100.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-443-06850-8.
- ^ PMID 17975220.
- ^ PMID 15191536.
- ^ PMID 2648418.
- ^ from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
- ^ Dellmann's textbook of veterinary histology (405 pages), Jo Ann Coers Eurell, Brian L. Frappier, 2006, p.29, weblink: Books-Google-RTOC Archived 24 February 2024 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ PMID 15556719.
- PMID 11385091.
- ^ Victor Eroschenko, diFiore's Atlas of Histology with functional correlations, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 10th edition, 2005. p. 41
- ISBN 978-0-19-856878-0.
- ^ PMID 15220349.
- ISBN 978-0-8247-2971-4.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-84184-194-6. Archivedfrom the original on 24 February 2024. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- PMID 5793140.
- PMID 18423697.
- ISBN 978-0-521-24122-9.
- ISBN 978-3-936072-64-8. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
- S2CID 3065931.
- PMID 8573921. Archived from the original(PDF) on 1 March 2011.
- PMID 20082943.
- from the original on 9 January 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
- PMID 10594744.
- PMID 18474083.
- PMID 19851461.
- PMID 15106913.
- ISBN 978-0-19-856878-0.
- PMID 9433685.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7020-3085-7.
- PMID 6451637.
- PMID 22135150.
- ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
- PMID 23806151.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- PMID 7601925.
- ISBN 978-0-7216-9003-2.
- from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ Harper, Douglas. "Sebaceous". Etymology Online. Archived from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
- ^ a b c d Astruc, Jean (1746). A General and Compleat Treatise on All the Diseases Incident to Children. J. Nourse. p. 3.
Sebaceous glands.
- PMID 13598929.
- ^ Dobson, G. E. (1878). Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Order of the Trustees.
- S2CID 3093610.
- ^ Heideman, P. D., Erickson, K. R., & Bowles, J. B. (1990). Notes on the breeding biology, gular gland and roost habits of Molossus sinaloae (Chiroptera, Molossidae) Archived 21 October 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, 55(5), 303-307.
- ISBN 978-0-8138-1934-1. Archivedfrom the original on 24 February 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
External links
- Histology image: 08801loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University
- Sebaceous+Glands at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)