Sefer Oklah we-Oklah

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The sefer Oklah we-Oklah (אָכְלָה וְאָכְלָה) is an old Masoretic work in which the notices and rules of the

1 Samuel 1:9 and we-oklah ( וְאָכְלָה ) from Genesis 27:19
.

The book is first mentioned by

Jacob Tam.[3] It is clear, furthermore, from references in manuscripts that Rabbi Gershom ben Judah, the "Light of the Exile" (d. 1040), made a copy of this "great Masorah" (i.e., the Sefer Oklah we-Oklah), and another transcript was made in the twelfth century by Rabbi Menahem of Joigny. Graetz misinterpreted the first reference to mean that Rabbi Gershom wrote the book,[4] but by Gershom's time this work had long been known and highly valued in Spain, as the quotation from Ibn Janah shows. In the thirteenth century David Kimhi mentioned the work,[5] and in the fourteenth century a copy was taken from Catalonia to Venice.[6]

When

University of Halle, by H. Hupfeld, who described it in the "Z. D. M. G.".[8] Graetz, comparing the Frensdorff edition with the Halle manuscript, showed that the unedited version of the work contained an earlier and more complete text,[9] and also that the version used by Jacob ben Hayyim must have differed from the two preceding recensions. In the Halle manuscript the material is logically arranged in two orders, although this division is not observed in the edition. The manuscript, with which the passages quoted from Rabbi Gershom's copy, as well as the citations in Rashi, agree, includes more than 500 numbers instead of the 374 numbers of the edition, whence it is evident that in the course of time the Oklah we-Oklah received several revisions and amplifications, as Rabbi Jacob Tam had already pointed out when he said that various things were added to the book of "the great Masorah" which did not originally belong to it.[10]

In summing up the evidences and research to date, Bruno Ognibeni (1991) concluded that the text, in a less complete form, predates the 10th Century CE.[11]

References

  1. ^ Opuscules, ed. Derenbourg, p.57
  2. ^ Journal Asiatique, 1862, p. 139
  3. ^ Monatsschrift, 1887, pp. 23 et seq.
  4. ^ Monatsschrift, 1887, pp. 18 et seq., 299 et seq.
  5. ^ Monatsschrift, 1887, p. 21
  6. ^ Monatsschrift, 1887, p. 301
  7. C.D. Ginsburg
    , Introduction, p. 93. London, 1867; repr. New York, 1968
  8. ^ Z. D. M. G., 1867, xxi. 201 et seq.
  9. ^ Monatsschrift, 1887, pp. 1 et seq.
  10. ^ Hakra'ot, ed. Filipowski, p. 11
  11. ^ Bruno Ognibeni in Tradition of the text: studies offered to Dominique Barthélemy in Celebration of his 70th Birthday 3525537425 9783525537428 Gerard J. Norton, Stephen Pisano 1991

Editions

  • Solomon Frensdorff, Das Buch Ochlah W'Ochlah, Hannover, 1864; repr. Tel Aviv, 1969. Based on the Paris manuscript. Digitalisat: Frensdorff 1864
  • Fernando Díaz Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah. Colección de listas de palabras destinadas a conservar la integridad del texto hebreo de la Biblia entre los judíos de la Edad Media. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 1975. Based on the Halle manuscript.

References from the Jewish Encyclopedia

  • Frensdorff's introduction to his edition;
  • Grätz, in Monatsschrift, 1887;
  • Winter and Wünsche, Jüdische Litteratur, ii. 129.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Crawford Howell Toy and Wilhelm Bacher (1901–1906). "Oklah we-Oklah". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.

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