Sempronia (wife of Decimus Brutus)

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Sempronia
Born
Died
SpouseDecimus Junius Brutus
ChildrenDecimus Junius Brutus Albinus (possibly)[1]

Sempronia was an

Ancient Roman woman of the late Republic who was the wife of Decimus Junius Brutus, the consul of 77 B.C. and step-mother of his son Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus who became one of Julius Caesar's assassins.[2]

Biography

Early life

It has been speculated that she may have been the daughter of

Sempronia,[6] but this is unsure as well.[7][8] A third option put forward is that she could have been the daughter of Gaius Sempronius Tuditanus, the consul of 129 BC.[9]

Adult life

Sempronia was described as a distinguished, witty, beautiful, accomplished, and passionate woman, who spoke

conspiracy of Catiline and allowed the conspirators to meet in her home to plan.[10] Sempronia and women like her represented a "new woman" in Rome, with abilities and interests that would become common for women of Rome in later years, a contrast to classical Roman women like Cornelia who stood for values from the earlier Republican period.[11] She was said to have had many male lovers and Sallust stated that she "sought out men more than she was sought out by them".[12]

Sempronia knew

illegitimate children and it is likely Caesar knew them well.[17]

Research

In the past she has sometimes been conflated with another woman by the same name who was the sister of the Gracchi brothers.[18]

Sempronia and granddaughter of Sempronius Tuditanus, it seems that she was not the same Sempronia who married Brutus, and that the woman witnessing was actually Clodius' mother-in-law, not mother.[19]

Cultural depictions

Sempronia is a focal character in the 1600s play by Ben Jonson, Catiline His Conspiracy.[20]

She is the title character of the

Catilina's Riddle.[21] In Saylor's works she is indeed depicted as the daughter of Gaius Gracchus, Saylor notes that he is aware that this is considered debatable among historians, but that he enjoys to speculate on the possibility due to it being interesting and fitting for her character, as the Graccus were known for their rebellious nature.[22]

Sempronia is mentioned, but does not appear, in the novel

The October Horse and appears in Caesar's Women, by Colleen McCullough.[23] In the novel Respublica: A Novel of Cicero's Roman Republic Sempronia is portrayed as a vile woman who murders her husband and mentally and sexually abuses her son Decimus.[24] She is the point of view character in the novel Catilinas sammansvärjning by Göran Hägg.[25] She plays a major part in the novel A Slave of Catiline by Paul Anderson.[26] She is also a character in the novel The Roman Traitor by Henry William Herbert.[27]

See also

References

  1. .
  2. ^ Gaius Sallustius Crispus, The Conspiracy of Catiline, 25, 40.
  3. ^ Friedrich, Münzer (1999). Roman aristocratic parties and families. University of Michigan: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 27.
  4. ^ Quennell, Peter (1959). "History Today".
  5. ^ Gruen, Erich (1974). The Last Generation of the Roman Republic. University of California Press.
  6. ^ Chrystal, Paul (2017). Roman Women: The Women who influenced the History of Rome. Fonthill Media.
  7. .
  8. .
  9. .
  10. ^ American Philosophical Society., 1960. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge, Volume 104 - 327
  11. ^ D. Brendan Nagle; Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005. The Roman World: Sources and Interpretation Chapter: "Sempronia: A Woman of the Late Republic". - 130
  12. ^ Emily Ann Hemelrijk; Matrona Docta: Educated Women in the Roman Élite from Cornelia to Julia Domna - page: 85
  13. ^ Adrian Goldsworthy; Caesar, Life of a Colossus
  14. ^ Jack Holland; A Brief History of Misogyny: The World's Oldest Prejudice
  15. ^ John Selby Watson; Conspiracy of Catiline and the Jurgurthine War - 68
  16. ^ The Classical Journal, Volume 55–56. Classical Association of the Middle West and South, 1959
  17. No Son for Caesar?
    " Historia 29 (1980) 422–437, pp. 426–430 regarding the greater likelihood that Decimus would be the Brutus who was Caesar's son.
  18. ^ Fröléen, 1918; Cajus Julius Caesar, Volume 1 - 229
  19. ^ Quintus Asconius Pedianus, in Cic. Milon., p. 41, ed. Orelli.
  20. ^ Heyward Brock, Maria Palacas; The Ben Jonson Encyclopedia - 68
  21. ^ Steven Saylor; A Gladiator Dies Only Once - Foreword
  22. .
  23. ^ Colleen McCullough; Caesar's Women - 214, 234, 428
  24. ^ Richard Braccia; Respublica: A Novel of Cicero's Roman Republic - 458
  25. ^ Hägg, Göran; Wahlström & Widstrand, 1981. Catilinas sammansvärjning: roman
  26. ^ A Slave of Catiline
  27. ^ Herbert, Henry William; The Roman Traitor: A True Tale of the Republic, a Historical Romance, Volume 1–2 - page: 69

Further reading

External links