Seppo Linnainmaa
Seppo Ilmari Linnainmaa (born 28 September 1945) is a Finnish mathematician and computer scientist known for creating the modern version of backpropagation.
Biography
He was born in
University of Maryland, USA. From 1986 to 1989 he was Chairman of the Finnish Artificial Intelligence Society. From 1989 to 2007, he was Research Professor at the VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
. He retired in 2007.
Backpropagation
Explicit, efficient error
composite function that can be represented as a graph, by recursively applying the chain rule to the building blocks of the function.[4][2][5][7]
Linnainmaa published it first, following Gerardi Ostrowski who had used it in the context of certain process models in chemical engineering some five years earlier, but didn't publish.
With faster computers emerging, the method has become heavily used in numerous applications. For example,
multi-layer perceptrons, a technique used in machine learning, is a special case of reverse mode AD[further explanation needed
].
Notes
- ISBN 978-952-99281-1-8.
- ^ a b c Linnainmaa, Seppo (1970). Algoritmin kumulatiivinen pyöristysvirhe yksittäisten pyöristysvirheiden Taylor-kehitelmänä [The representation of the cumulative rounding error of an algorithm as a Taylor expansion of the local rounding errors] (PDF) (Thesis) (in Finnish). pp. 6–7.
- ^ "Seppo Linnainmaa (Mathematician and Computer Scientist)". OnThisDay.com. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
- ^ S2CID 15568746.
- ^ S2CID 122357351.
- ^ Jürgen Schmidhuber, (2015). Who Invented Backpropagation?
- ^ Griewank, Andreas and Walther, A.. Principles and Techniques of Algorithmic Differentiation, Second Edition. SIAM, 2008.[page needed]
External links
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